Selamectin Spray

1.1 Activation of glutamate gated chloride ion channels
One of the core mechanisms of action of Seramycin is the activation of glutamate gated chloride ion channels (GluCls) in neurons and pharyngeal muscles. In parasitic organisms, GluCls are a key component of neural transmission, responsible for regulating the transmission of neural signals. After specific binding with these channels, Seramycin causes the channels to remain open, allowing a large influx of chloride ions into nerve cells. The influx of chloride ions changes the potential of the cell membrane, causing it to undergo hyperpolarization. This hyperpolarized state makes it difficult for nerve cells to generate action potentials, thereby blocking the normal transmission of nerve signals. The blockade of nerve signal transmission prevents the parasite's nervous system from functioning properly, leading to rapid and lethal neuromuscular paralysis and ultimately resulting in parasite death.

1.3 Neural Transmission Effects on Different Parasites
Ceramycin interferes with nerve conduction in various parasites, but its mode of action may vary among different parasites. For example, in the case of fleas and other ectoparasites, Celastrol can rapidly exert its killing effect by binding to receptors related to nerve conduction on their surface. When fleas come into contact with drugs containing selestin, the drug enters the body through its surface and acts on the nervous system, causing flea paralysis and death. For internal parasites such as roundworms, hookworms, etc., after entering the pet's body, Seramycin will be absorbed and distributed to various tissues and organs, binding to the parasite's nerve conduction receptors, interfering with their nerve signal transmission, thus achieving the effect of killing.

In mammals, although there are corresponding receptors in the central nervous system, due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier, it is difficult for Celastrol to reach these receptor binding sites. At the same time, the effect of cerulean in the peripheral tissues of mammals is relatively weak and does not have a significant impact on their normal physiological functions. The difference in binding sites of this drug is also one of the important reasons for the high safety of Celastrol in mammals.

2.3 Clinical Safety Verification
A large number of clinical studies have also confirmed the safety of Celastrol in mammals. For example, in the clinical application of pets, Serratin spray is used according to the recommended dose, and there are few serious adverse reactions. Common adverse reactions such as local irritation or allergic reactions are also relatively mild and can self resolve after discontinuation of medication. In addition, for some special groups such as pregnant and lactating animals, although their safety is not fully understood, no obvious adverse reactions such as teratogenicity and mutagenicity have been found in clinical use.

This dual effect may result in a synergistic effect when used in combination with other drugs, enhancing the deworming effect of Celastrol. For example, in some cases, the combination of Celaserin and antiparasitic drugs with P-glycoprotein substrate properties can enhance the concentration of the latter in the parasite and improve its killing effect on the parasite.

3.2 Effects on Parasite Metabolism
Ceramycin may also affect the metabolism of parasites, further enhancing their insecticidal effect. The interference of nerve conduction can affect the normal physiological functions of parasites, including energy metabolism, substance transport, etc. For example, neuromuscular paralysis can lead to a decrease in the movement ability of parasites, affecting their intake and utilization of nutrients. Meanwhile, the blockade of neural signal transduction may interfere with the endocrine regulation of parasites, affecting their growth, development, and reproduction. These metabolic changes will further weaken the parasite's survival ability and accelerate its death.

After binding, Celastrol rapidly triggers a series of physiological reactions, leading to chloride ion influx and cell membrane potential hyperpolarization, blocking nerve signal transduction. This process usually occurs in a short period of time, causing the parasite to rapidly paralyze and die.

4.3 Metabolism and excretion of drugs
Ceramycin undergoes metabolism and excretion processes in pets. It is mainly excreted from the body through feces (18% -20%) and urine (1% -3%), with the main excreta being the active ingredient of Celastrol, and no related metabolites have been found. The elimination half-life of Seramycin in pets is relatively long, for example, the elimination half-life in dogs is 11 days, which means that the drug can maintain an effective concentration in the animal's body for a long time, thereby providing a long-lasting deworming effect.