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Paratoluene sulphonic acid is a P-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, referred to as ptsa acid, the other name is paratoluene sulphoacid, colorless powder, stable at normal temperture and pressure, flammable, strong irritation. Soluble in ethanol and ether, slightly soluble in water and hot benzene. It is a strong organic acid used as organic catalyst in organic synthesis. It can be used in medicine, pesticide, dye chemistry and detergent industry, plastic and printing coating industry. Packaging to be complete when shipment, loading should be secure. Ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage during transportation. It is forbidden to mix with oxidant, alkali and edible chemicals. It is necessary to prevent exposure, rain and high temperture during transportation. The carrier must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, otherwise no other goods can be transported.
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Chemical Formula |
C7H10O4S |
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Exact Mass |
190 |
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Molecular Weight |
190 |
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m/z |
190 (100.0%), 191 (7.6%), 192 (4.5%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 44.20; H, 5.30; O, 33.64; S, 16.85 |
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Melting point 96 – 99 °C ( lit. ) , Boiling point 140 ° C 20mm , Density 1,24 g / cm3 , Vapor density 5.9 ( vs air ) , Refractive index 1,382-1,384 , flash point 180 °C , Storage conditions Store at + 5 ° C to + 30 ° C. , Solubility H2O : 0.1 g / mL, clear , Form Solid , Color index 42655 , Color White to pink , PH 1 ( 650 g / l, H2O, 20 °C ) ( anhydrous substance ) , Water soluble , Sensitive Hygroscopic , warning word Danger , Risk description H319 - H290 - H314 - H335 - H315 , Prevention instructions P260h-P301 + P330 + P331 - P405 - P501a-P260 - P280 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P304 + P340 + P310 - P305 + P351 + P338 , Dangerous goods sign Xi, C , Hazard category code 36 / 37 / 38-34-37 , Safety instructions 26-37-45-36 / 37 / 39 , Transport of dangerous goods No. UN 2585 8 / PG 3 , WGK Germany- , RTECS XT6300000 , F 3 , Spontaneous combustion temperture 60.
P-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (CAS number 6192-52-5), as a strongly acidic organic compound, has shown wide application value in industrial production, scientific research innovation, and daily life due to its unique physical and chemical properties.
1. Esterification catalyst
It is a key catalyst for synthesizing plasticizers, fragrances, coating monomers, etc. For example, in the synthesis of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), its catalytic efficiency is increased by 30% compared to hydric sulphate, and the product purity is over 99%. Its catalytic mechanism is to protonate the carbonyl oxygen in carboxylic acid, enhance the electrophilicity of carboxylic acid, promote the oxygen atom of alcohol to attack the carbonyl carbon, form tetrahedral intermediates, and ultimately dehydrate to form esters.
Typical case:
Flavor synthesis: catalyze the esterification of butyric acid and isoamyl alcohol to produce the precursor of banana essence, and the reaction time is shortened from 8 hours to 2 hours by the traditional method.
Polyester resin: As a catalyst for unsaturated polyester synthesis, it significantly improves the uniformity of resin molecular weight distribution and enhances processing performance.
2. Condensation reaction promoter
In the aldol condensation reaction, α, β - unsaturated ketones can be selectively catalyzed. For example, in the synthesis of cinnamaldehyde (a spice intermediate), it selectively catalyzes the aldol condensation of acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde, with a yield of 92%, which is 15% higher than traditional base catalysis.
In addition, in the Biginelli reaction, it can efficiently catalyze the three component condensation of urea, ethyl acetoacetate, and aldehydes to produce dihydropyrimidinone compounds (pharmaceutical intermediates).
3. Protective group operation
As a protecting group for alcohol hydroxyl groups, it can catalyze the reaction of alcohols with dihydropyran (DHP) to generate tetrahydropyran (THP) protecting groups. This protective group is stable under acidic conditions, but is easily removed in neutral or alkaline environments, and is widely used for functional group protection in multi-step synthesis.
For example, in the synthesis of the antibiotic cefoperazone, the alcohol hydroxyl group is protected by THP to avoid side chain synthesis side reactions.
4. Friedel Crafts reaction substitution
The traditional Friedel Crafts alkylation/acylation reaction requires the use of strong Lewis acids such as AlCl3, which poses problems such as equipment corrosion and difficulty in waste liquid treatment. As a Br ø nsted acid catalyst, alkylation of benzene rings can be achieved under mild conditions. For example, catalyzing the alkylation reaction of toluene with benzyl chloride to produce dibenzyl toluene (a high-temperture lubricant additive), with a reaction selectivity of 95%.
1. Wastewater treatment catalyst
P-toluenesulfonic acid hydrate can serve as a catalyst for Fenton reaction, efficiently degrading organic pollutants. For example, when treating wastewater containing phenol, it catalyzes the generation of hydroxyl radicals (· OH) from H ₂ O ₂, resulting in a phenol degradation rate of 98%, which is 20% higher than traditional Fenton reagents. In addition, it can catalyze the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins for the resource utilization of biomass waste.
2. Solar cell materials
In 2023, a team from Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology will introduce p-toluenesulfonic acid into carbon nanotube/silicon heterojunction solar cells, utilizing its optical anti reaction effect to increase the photovoltaic voltage from 0.55V to 0.62V and improve the conversion efficiency by 12%.
This technology provides a new approach for the large-scale production of heterojunction batteries.
3. Biodiesel catalyst
In ester exchange reactions, it can replace traditional hydric sulphate and catalyze the production of biodiesel from animal and vegetable oils and methanol. For example, catalyzing the ester exchange of soybean oil and methanol resulted in a methyl ester yield of 96%, and the catalyst can be reused more than 5 times, significantly reducing production costs.
We are the supplier of p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Monohydrate.
Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate is a common organic acid with wide applications, such as being used as a catalyst and ion exchanger. The following are two common laboratory synthesis methods and their corresponding chemical reaction formulas:
Method -- Oxidation method:
The detailed steps are as follows:
1. Add toluene and an appropriate amount of hydric sulphate to the beaker and mix evenly.
2. In another beaker, dissolve KMnO4 in water to form a KMnO4 solution.
3. Slowly add KMnO4 solution to the mixture of toluene and hydric sulphate, while stirring with a glass rod to fully contact the reaction mixture.
4. Maintain the reaction mixture at low temperture for a period of time (usually a few hours) to fully oxidize toluene.
5. During the reaction process, a magnetic stirrer can be used to maintain the uniformity of the mixture.
6. After the reaction is completed, the reaction solution is filtered to separate the solid catalyst and other insoluble impurities.
7. Evaporate and concentrate the filtrate to obtain the crude product of toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate.
8. Finally, the crude product was crystallized and recrystallized to obtain pure toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate.
The chemical reaction formula is as follows:
C6H5CH3 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 → C6H4(SO3H)CH3 + KMnO4 + H2O
Among them, C6H5CH3 represents toluene, KMnO4 represents potassium permanganate, H2SO4 represents hydric sulphate, and C6H4 (SO3H)CH3 represents toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate.
This reaction is an oxidation reaction, in which toluene is oxidized to toluenesulfonic acid. Hydric sulphate acts as a catalyst in this reaction, accelerating the oxidation reaction. Potassium permanganate is used as an oxidant to oxidize toluene to p-toluenesulfonic acid. During the reaction process, water will be produced as a byproduct. In addition, potassium permanganate is reduced to manganese ions (Mn2+) during the reaction, which can be effectively removed during subsequent crystallization and recrystallization processes.
It should be noted that this method needs to be carried out at low tempertures, as excessive tempertures may lead to the decomposition of potassium permanganate and affect the reaction effect. Therefore, it is necessary to use low-temperture cooling equipment during the experimental process to maintain the stability of the reaction temperture.
Method 2 above - sulfonation method
The detailed steps are as follows:
Add toluene and an appropriate amount of hydric sulphate to the beaker and mix evenly.
Dissolve SO3 in an appropriate amount of water in another beaker to form an SO3 solution.
Slowly add SO3 solution to the mixture of toluene and hydric sulphate, while stirring with a glass rod to fully contact the reaction mixture.
Maintain the reaction mixture at high temperture for a period of time (usually a few hours) to fully sulfonate toluene.
During the reaction process, a magnetic stirrer can be used to maintain the uniformity of the mixture.
After the reaction is completed, the reaction solution is filtered to separate unreacted toluene and other insoluble impurities.
Evaporate and concentrate the filtrate to obtain the crude product of toluenesulfonic acid.
Finally, the crude product was crystallized and recrystallized to obtain pure toluenesulfonic acid.
The chemical reaction formula is as follows:
C6H5CH3 + SO3 → C6H4(SO3H)CH3 + H2O
Among them, C6H5CH3 represents toluene, SO3 represents sulfur trioxide, and C6H4 (SO3H) CH3 represents toluenesulfonic acid.
This reaction is a sulfonation reaction, in which toluene is sulfonated to toluenesulfonic acid. Hydric sulphate acts as a catalyst in this reaction, accelerating the sulfonation reaction. Sulfur trioxide serves as a sulfonating agent to sulfonate toluene into p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate.
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