D-mannitol Powder CAS 69-65-8

D-mannitol powder, CAS 69-65-8, molecular formula C6H14O6, colorless to white needle shaped or rhombohedral crystals or crystalline powders. Odorless, with a cool and sweet taste. The sweetness is about 57% to 72% of sucrose. Each gram produces 8.37J of heat, which is about half of glucose. Contains a small amount of sorbitol. The relative density is 1.49. Optical rotation rate [α] D20 º -0.40 º (10% aqueous solution). Very low moisture absorption. The aqueous solution is stable. Stable to dilute acids and alkalis. Not oxidized by oxygen in the air. Dissolve in water (5.6g/100ml, 20 ℃) and glycerol (5.5g/100ml). Slightly soluble in ethanol (1.2g/100ml). Dissolve in hot ethanol. Almost insoluble in most other commonly used organic solvents. The pH value of a 20% aqueous solution is 5.5-6.5. Natural products are widely present in the leaves, stems, roots, and other parts of plants. For example, the white powder on the surface of seaweed and persimmon cakes is called mannitol, and it is also abundant in edible fungi, lichens, scallions, and carrots. The sap (secretion, dried) of Fraxinusornus, a plant in the Oleaceae family, contains 30% to 50% mannitol.

D-mannitol powder has a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical industry, and its unique physical and chemical properties make it an important component of many drugs and medical products.

 

It was first widely used as a diuretic in the pharmaceutical industry. It achieves diuretic effects by increasing the filtration rate of the kidneys and reducing the reabsorption of renal tubules, thereby increasing the amount of urine excreted. This characteristic makes it play an important role in the treatment of diseases such as edema and hypertension. At the same time, it is also an effective dehydrator that can quickly reduce the body's water content, and has significant therapeutic effects on diseases such as cerebral edema and glaucoma that require rapid reduction of intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure.

 

In practical applications, it is usually administered in the form of injection, such as mannitol injection. This type of injection is commonly used in clinical rescue, especially in the treatment of brain diseases, as a hypertonic antihypertensive drug. After entering the body, it can increase plasma osmotic pressure, dehydrate tissues, and thereby reduce intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure. Mannitol injection has significant therapeutic effects in treating traumatic brain injury, brain tumors, edema caused by brain tissue hypoxia, and has the characteristics of fast blood pressure reduction and accurate therapeutic effects.

It is also commonly used as an excipient and filler for tablets in the pharmaceutical industry. It has the advantages of non hygroscopicity, fast drying, and good chemical stability, which make it an ideal choice for preparing tablets. As an excipient, it can increase the hardness and brittleness of tablets, making them easier to compress and package. At the same time, it can also serve as a filler to increase the volume and weight of the pill, making it easier for patients to take.

It can be found in most tablets such as anticancer drugs, antibiotics, antihistamines, and vitamins. In addition, it is also used in the manufacturing of oral chewable tablets such as sobering pills and oral cooling agents. In these applications, D-mannitol not only plays a role in shaping and filling, but also improves the patient's medication experience due to its endothermic, sweet, and comfortable oral properties when dissolved.

It can also help alleviate constipation by increasing the osmotic pressure in the intestine, promoting the entry of water into the intestinal lumen and softening feces. Therefore, it is also used as a penetrative laxative. This laxative has a mild effect and does not irritate the intestinal mucosa, making it suitable for treating various constipation symptoms.

In practical applications, it is usually administered in the form of oral solutions or tablets. It can quickly dissolve and absorb water in the intestine, forming a hypertonic environment, stimulating intestinal peristalsis, and promoting defecation. Meanwhile, due to its difficulty in being utilized by gut microbiota, it does not produce harmful metabolites and has no adverse effects on the health of patients.

It is not easily utilized by oral microorganisms, so it is also used to produce anti caries chewing gum and candy. The D-mannitol powder in these products can reduce the number of bacteria in the mouth and lower the risk of dental caries. At the same time, it also has a sweet and refreshing taste, which can improve the oral environment and enhance patient comfort.

In anti caries chewing gum and candy, it is usually one of the main ingredients. It reduces the number of harmful bacteria in the mouth by competing with bacteria in the oral cavity for nutrients, inhibiting bacterial growth and reproduction. In addition, it can promote saliva secretion, increase oral moisture, and help maintain oral hygiene and health.

In addition to the above applications, there are other applications in the pharmaceutical industry. For example, it can be used as a raw material for the preparation of drugs such as mannitol nicotinate ester and dibromomannitol; It can also be used to prepare good culture media for certain microorganisms; In addition, it can also be used to prepare polymer materials such as mannitol polyurethane and mannitol anhydride oleate, which have broad application prospects in the medical field.

The application in the pharmaceutical industry has many advantages. Firstly, it has good biocompatibility and degradability, is non-toxic and harmless to the human body, and is therefore widely used in medical products. Secondly, its moderate sweetness and taste can improve patients' medication experience. In addition, it also has stable chemical and physical properties, is easy to process and store, and is beneficial for drug production and quality control. Finally, it also has various pharmacological effects, such as diuresis, dehydration, and blood sugar lowering, which can meet the treatment needs of different diseases.

Although it has broad application prospects in the pharmaceutical industry, there are also some challenges in practical applications. For example, excessive intake may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms such as diarrhea and bloating. To solve this problem, it is necessary to strictly control the dosage during the drug preparation process and remind patients to pay attention to moderate intake during the medication process. In addition, the production and use process also needs to pay attention to its impact on the environment, by adopting green production processes and strengthening waste disposal measures, to ensure that it does not have a negative impact on the environment while promoting economic development.

With the advancement of technology and the increasing demand for health, the application prospects in the pharmaceutical industry will be even broader. In the future, it can be foreseen that it will be applied in more fields, such as new drug research and development, medical device manufacturing, etc. Meanwhile, with the deepening of people's understanding and the improvement of preparation technology, its application fields will continue to expand and deepen.

In the field of new drug development, it can serve as an important ingredient or excipient for the preparation of drugs with special pharmacological effects. For example, by combining with other drugs, drugs with targeted therapeutic effects can be prepared, improving the efficacy and safety of the drugs. In the field of medical device manufacturing, it can be used to prepare biomaterials with special functions, such as artificial skin, artificial blood vessels, etc., providing more and better choices for the medical field.

In summary, D-mannitol powder has broad application value and prospects in the pharmaceutical industry. Its applications as diuretics, dehydrators, excipients and fillers for tablets, penetrative laxatives, and anti caries dental products have been widely recognized and applied. At the same time, it also has multiple pharmacological effects and advantages, which can meet the treatment needs of different diseases. In the future, with the advancement of technology and the increasing demand for health, the application prospects in the pharmaceutical industry will be even broader. Therefore, we should strengthen our research and development work on it, and promote its application and promotion in more fields.

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