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1-Octadecanol, also known as n-octadecanol, with the molecular formula of c18h38o, belongs to long-chain high-carbon fatty alcohols. The appearance is a white flake or acicular crystal, or block solid, with a fragrant smell, low volatility, insoluble in water, soluble in chloroform, alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, and other organic solvents. It is slightly toxic, slightly irritating to the eyes and skin, and flammable. Its dust can form an explosive mixture with air. It is mainly used as organic synthetic raw materials. It is widely used in the chemical industry, petroleum, metallurgy, textile, machinery, mining, construction, plastics, rubber, leather, papermaking, transportation, food, medicine and health, daily-use chemical industry, and agriculture. As a detergent active substance, it has excellent properties such as strong decontamination ability, good compatibility, low foam, easy biodegradation, good resistance to hard water, and low-temperature water washing.
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Chemical Formula |
C18H38O |
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Exact Mass |
270 |
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Molecular Weight |
271 |
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m/z |
270 (100.0%), 271 (19.5%), 272 (1.8%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 79.93; H, 14.16; O, 5.91 |
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Melting point 56-59 ° C (lit.), Boiling point 210 ° C15 mm Hg, Density 0.812 g/ml at 25 ° C (lit.), Vapor density 9.3 (vs air), Vapor pressure <0.01 mm Hg (38 ° C), Refractive index 1.4356 (estimate), Flash point 185 ° C, Storage condition 2-8 ° C, Solubility: soluble10mg/ml, clear, colorless, Acidity coefficient (PKA) 15.20 ± 0.10 (predicted), Form flakes, Color white, Specific gravity 0.812, Explosive limit ~8%, Water solubility
1-Octadecanol (stearyl alcohol) is a white, flaky or granular solid with a fragrant aroma. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, and chloroform.
Chemical properties and applications
Chemical stability: Octadecanol has good chemical stability and is not easily oxidized or decomposed. It can undergo sulfonation reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid, but does not react chemically with alkali. This chemical stability enables octadecanol to maintain its structural stability in various chemical reactions, making it suitable for various application scenarios.
Solvency: Octadecanol is a good organic solvent that can be mixed with various organic substances and used to dissolve industrial materials such as pigments, resins, and paints.
This makes it widely used in industries such as coatings, inks, and paints.
Surface activity: Octadecanol can reduce surface tension, dissolve and disperse water and oil, and can therefore be used as a surfactant. This characteristic makes octadecanol play an important role in daily chemicals such as detergents and shampoos.
Lubrication: Octadecanol has lubricity, which can reduce friction and wear of industrial materials, improve the efficiency and quality of industrial production.
This makes it of significant application value in fields such as mechanical processing and equipment manufacturing.
Biodegradability: Octadecanol is a natural fatty alcohol with good biodegradability and no pollution to the environment. This characteristic makes it have a wide range of application prospects in environmentally friendly products.
Phase transition characteristics and applications
Octadecanol can absorb and store a large amount of thermal energy, and slowly release it when needed, thereby achieving temperature regulation. This makes octadecanol have broad application prospects in the fields of thermal energy storage and temperature control.
In the field of architecture, octadecanol can be used as a phase change material for building materials such as walls and floors. By absorbing and releasing heat energy, it can regulate indoor temperature, reduce energy consumption, and improve living comfort.
For example, adding octadecanol to wall materials can allow the wall to absorb heat during the day and release heat at night, effectively regulating indoor temperature.
In the field of electronic products, octadecanol can be used to manufacture temperature control components, ensuring the normal operation of equipment and extending its service life. For example, adding octadecanol to the cooling system of electronic devices can enable the devices to operate normally in high temperature environments, improving their stability and reliability.
In the field of solar energy, octadecanol can be used as an energy storage material for solar water heaters to improve the utilization rate of solar energy. For example, adding octadecanol to the storage tank of a solar water heater can allow the tank to absorb solar energy and store heat energy during the day, and release heat energy at night to heat water, thereby improving the thermal efficiency and service life of the solar water heater.
Application in cosmetics and personal care products
Octadecyl alcohol is the basic raw material of cosmetic cream and lotion. Its thickening emulsion has better performance than hexadecyl alcohol, and is an excellent emulsion stabilizer. At the same time, it can also be used as an moisturizer to help maintain skin moisture. The cosmetics grade octadecanol has pure fragrance, which can reduce the consumption of essence.
Face cream and lotion: In face cream and lotion, octadecanol is used as an emulsifier and thickener. It can help face cream and lotion better disperse in the aqueous phase and form a stable emulsion. At the same time, octadecanol can also increase the smoothness and moisturization of the product, improving the hand feel after application.
Hair conditioner and shampoo: Octadecanol is used as a surfactant in hair conditioner and shampoo. It can reduce the surface tension of water, making it easier for conditioner and shampoo to penetrate into the hair and scalp, providing a cleansing and moisturizing effect. At the same time, octadecanol can also increase the foam property and stability of the product and improve the use experience of the product.
Other personal care products: In addition to face cream, lotion, conditioner and shampoo, octadecanol can also be used to make other personal care products, such as shower gel, body milk, lipstick, etc. Among these products, octadecanol can also exert emulsifying, thickening, moisturizing and other effects, improving the quality and user experience of the products.
Preparation and Application of Surfactants
Octadecanol can be used to make surfactants (such as Pingjia), which play an important role in daily chemicals such as detergents and shampoos.
Detergent: Octadecanol is used as a surfactant in detergents, which can reduce the surface tension of water, making it easier for detergents to penetrate into clothing fibers and have a cleaning effect. At the same time, octadecyl alcohol can also increase the foam property and stability of detergent, improve the washing effect and use experience.
Shampoo: Octadecanol is also used as a surfactant in shampoo. It can reduce the surface tension of water, making it easier for shampoo to penetrate into hair and scalp, providing a cleansing and moisturizing effect. At the same time, octadecyl alcohol can also increase the foam property and stability of shampoo, and improve the use experience and hair care effect of shampoo.
Raw materials for resin and synthetic rubber
Octadecanol is also one of the raw materials for resins and synthetic rubber, which helps to improve the performance and stability of products.
Resin: In resin manufacturing, octadecanol can be used as a modifier to improve the flexibility and processability of the resin. At the same time, octadecanol can also increase the heat resistance and weather resistance of the resin, improve its service life and application range.
Synthetic rubber: In synthetic rubber manufacturing, octadecanol can be used as a softener and plasticizer. It can increase the flexibility and elasticity of rubber, improve the abrasion resistance and anti-aging performance of rubber. Meanwhile, octadecanol can also lower the processing temperature of rubber, improve the processing efficiency and product quality of rubber.
Other industrial uses
Octadecanol has wide application value in the industrial field, and can be used to manufacture defoamers, flotation agents, softeners, rice field insulation agents, water surface covering agents, film color couplers, etc.
Defoamer: In the industrial production process, a large number of foam are often produced, and these foam will affect the production efficiency and product quality. Octadecyl alcohol can be used as defoamer, which can effectively destroy the stability of foam and make foam disappear rapidly. This makes octadecanol widely applicable in industries such as textile printing and dyeing, papermaking, and chemical engineering.
Flotation agent: The selection of flotation agent is crucial for the flotation effect in mineral flotation process. Octadecanol can be used as a flotation agent, which can effectively improve the flotation efficiency and recovery rate of minerals. This makes octadecanol have broad application prospects in the mining industry.
Softener: In the processing of materials such as rubber and plastic, it is often necessary to add softeners to reduce the hardness and brittleness of the material. Octadecanol can be used as a softener, which can effectively improve the flexibility and processing performance of materials.
This makes octadecanol widely applicable in industries such as rubber and plastics.
Rice field insulation agent: In agricultural production, insulation agents are often added to maintain the temperature and humidity of rice fields. Octadecanol can be used as a rice field insulation agent, which can effectively increase the temperature and humidity of rice fields, promote the growth and development of rice.
Water surface covering agent: In the process of water surface covering, it is often necessary to add covering agent to maintain the cleanliness and stability of the water surface.
Octadecanol can be used as a water surface covering agent, which can effectively cover the water surface and prevent pollution and fluctuations. This makes octadecanol widely applicable in the fields of environmental protection and water treatment.
Color couplers for films: In the manufacturing process of color film, the selection of color couplers is crucial for the color reproduction and stability of the film. Octadecanol can be used as a coloring agent for films, effectively improving the color reproduction and stability of the film. This makes octadecanol have broad application prospects in the fields of film and photography.
Application as an antioxidant
1-Octadecanol can also be used as an antioxidant and is widely used in petroleum products such as polyolefins, polyamides, polyesters, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS resins, and various rubbers.
Polyolefin: In the manufacturing process of polyolefins, antioxidants are often added to improve the heat resistance and weather resistance of the product. Octadecanol can be used as an antioxidant to effectively prevent oxidative degradation and aging of polyolefins during processing and use.
Polyamide: Polyamide is an important engineering plastic with excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. However, polyamide is also prone to oxidative degradation and aging during processing and use. Octadecanol, as an antioxidant, can effectively improve the heat resistance and weather resistance of polyamide, extending the service life of the product.
Polyester: Polyester is a widely used synthetic fiber and plastic material. However, polyester is also susceptible to oxidative degradation and aging during processing and use.
Octadecanol, as an antioxidant, can effectively improve the heat resistance and weather resistance of polyester, and maintain the stability of product performance.
Polyvinyl chloride: Polyvinyl chloride is an important plastic material with excellent weather resistance and chemical stability. However, polyvinyl chloride is also susceptible to oxidative degradation during processing and use. Octadecanol, as an antioxidant, can effectively improve the heat resistance and weather resistance of polyvinyl chloride, extending the service life of the product.
Polystyrene: Polystyrene is an important thermoplastic with excellent processing and mechanical properties. However, polystyrene is also susceptible to oxidative degradation during processing and use. Octadecanol, as an antioxidant, can effectively improve the heat resistance and weather resistance of polystyrene, and maintain the stability of product performance.
ABS resin: ABS resin is an important engineering plastic with excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability.
However, ABS resin is also susceptible to oxidative degradation during processing and use. Octadecanol, as an antioxidant, can effectively improve the heat resistance and weather resistance of ABS resin, and extend the service life of the product.
Rubber products: Rubber products are also susceptible to oxidative degradation during processing and use. Octadecanol, as an antioxidant, can effectively improve the heat resistance and weather resistance of rubber products, maintain stable product performance, and extend service life.
Synthetic 1-Octadecanol:
1. Fatty alcohols were prepared from animal and vegetable oils by high-pressure hydrogenation. In industry, raw oil is first pretreated, alcoholized (i.e. transesterified) into fatty acids, and then hydrogenated. Fatty acids can also be directly hydrogenated or hydrogenated after esterification to produce alcohol. Direct hydrogenation of fatty acids to fatty alcohols requires high equipment materials. RCOOH+2H2─→RCH2OH+H2O
Chemical reaction formula for hydrogenation of fatty acid esters to fatty alcohols:
RCOOR′+2H2─→RCH2OH+R′OH
2. High-pressure hydrogenation includes the fixed bed method and suspended bed method, but its basic process flow is the same. Ethylene is used as raw material and trialkyl aluminum acts to produce aluminum alcohol compounds through chain growth and oxidation, and then fatty alcohol is prepared through hydrolysis, neutralization, and fractionation. It was created by K. Ziegler in 1954 and first put into production by the continental oil company in 1962. The product is straight-chain even carbon alcohol. The main reactions of this production method include the following steps: preparation of triethyl aluminum (hydrogenation and addition reaction):
Al+H2+2Al(C2H5)3─→3Al(C2H5)2H
3Al(C2H5)2H+3C2H4─→3Al(C2H5)3
Alkyl aluminum preparation (chain growth reaction):
Al(C2H5)3+3nC2H4──→R3Al
Aluminum alcoholate preparation (oxidation reaction):
R3Al+O2──→Al(OR)3
Fatty alcohol preparation (hydrolysis reaction):
Al (or) 3+h2so4 - → Al2 (SO4) 3+3roh or Al (or) 3+h2o - → al2o3+3
ROH olefins, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen are synthesized into aldehydes under catalyst and pressure. The atom number of aldehyde is one more carbon than that of raw olefin. Fatty alcohols are prepared by the hydrogenation of aldehydes. The aldehyde reaction (oxo reaction) of this olefin was discovered by the German chemist O. Leland in 1938.
FAQ
What is 1-octadecanol?
Stearyl alcohol, or 1-octadecanol, is an organic compound classified as a saturated fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)16CH2OH. It takes the form of white granules or flakes, which are insoluble in water. It has a wide range of uses as an ingredient in lubricants, resins, perfumes, and cosmetics.
What type of alcohol is 1 octanol?
1-Octanol - Wikipedia
Fatty alcohol
1-Octanol, also known as octan-1-ol, is the organic compound with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)7OH. It is a fatty alcohol. Many other isomers are also known generically as octanols. 1-Octanol is manufactured for the synthesis of esters for use in perfumes and flavorings.
What is another name for octadecanol?
1-octadecanol is often sold as Cetostearyl Alcohol, C16-C18 alcohol, Cetearyl Alcohol and various other names. 1-octadecanol and Oleyl Alcohol are mixtures of long-chain fatty alcohols.
What is C18 alcohol?
Stearyl Alcohol C18 98% is used as an opacifier in shampoos or as an emollient, emulsifier or thickening agent in the manufacture of skin creams and lotions. It is a natural or bio-based material and has both a social impact and environmental accreditation.
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