Trometamol is an organic substance with the chemical formula c4h11no3 and white crystalline particles. It can be used as a biological buffer; Buffer for gel electrophoresis configuration. As an alkaline drug, it is used for the correction of acidosis and does not cause an increase in carbon dioxide retention. 7.28% tham 2-3ml / kg (isotonic solution is 3.64%) each time, diluted with the same amount of 5% - 10% glucose solution, and then slowly dropped in. Tham is the abbreviation commonly used in clinic.
Uses of trimethylol aminomethane:
1. Tris buffer is not only widely used as a solvent for nucleic acids and proteins, but also has many important uses.
2. Tris was used for protein crystal growth under different pH conditions.
3. The low ionic strength of Tris buffer can be used for the formation of intermediate fibers of lamin in C. elegans.
4. Tris is also one of the main components of protein electrophoresis buffer. In addition, Tris is also an intermediate in the preparation of surfactants, vulcanization accelerators and some drugs. Tris was also used as titration standard.
5. Buffering characteristics.
6. Tris is a weak base with a pKa of 8.1 at room temperature (25 ℃); According to the buffer theory, the effective buffer range of Tris buffer is between pH 7.0 and 9.2.
7. The pH of the aqueous solution of Tris base is about 10.5. Generally, hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH value to the desired value to obtain a buffer of this pH value. However, attention should be paid to the effect of temperature on the pKa of Tris.
Buffering characteristics
Tris is a weak base with a pKa of 8.1 at room temperature (25 ℃); According to the buffer theory, the effective buffer range of Tris buffer is between pH 7.0 and 9.2.
The pH of the aqueous solution of Tris base is about 10.5. Generally, hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH value to the desired value to obtain a buffer of this pH value. However, attention should be paid to the effect of temperature on the pKa of Tris.
Synthesis of trimethylolaminomethane:
Method 1:
(1) Add 800g of industrial trimethylolmethane into 500ml of aqueous methanol solution, heat to 60 ℃, stir and dissolve, wherein the aqueous methanol solution is prepared by mixing purified water and methanol in a volume ratio of 2:3;
(2) Add 8g of charcoal activated carbon to the solution, keep it at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes, then filter it while it is hot, and collect the filtrate;
(3) Concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure at a concentration temperature of 80 ° C until crystallization occurs, cool it down, and the recovered methanol can be recycled;
(4) After the crystals were separated by suction filtration, they were rinsed twice with absolute ethanol and dried at 50 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain 680g of the finished product with a purity of 100.03%.
The product is inspected according to Q / 12hb4907-2013 standard:
(1) Water solubility test
Weigh 1g sample, add 10ml water, shake well and dissolve. The solution shall be clear and transparent.
(2) Burning residue inspection
Weigh 5g of sample, put it in a crucible with constant weight, heat and carbonize it slowly, cool it, add 0.5ml of sulfuric acid, continue heating until the sulfuric acid vapor is exhausted, and burn it in a high-temperature furnace at 650 ± 50 ℃ to constant weight. The residue mass shall not be greater than 1.0mg.
(3) Chloride test
Weigh 2G sample, dissolve it in water, dilute it to 20ml, add 2ml nitric acid solution (25%) and 1ml silver nitrate solution (17g / L), shake it up, and leave it for 10min. The turbidity shall not be greater than the standard.
The standard is to dilute 0.01mg chloride impurity standard solution to 20ml and treat it in the same way as the sample solution of the same volume.
(4) Sulfate test
Weigh 0.5g sample, dissolve it in water, dilute it to 20ml, add 1ml hydrochloric acid solution (20%) and 3ml barium chloride solution (250G / L), shake it well, and place it for 20min. The turbidity shall not be greater than the standard.
The standard is to dilute 0.02mg of impurity sulfate standard solution to 20ml and treat it in the same way as the sample solution of the same volume.
(5) Heavy metal inspection
Weigh 4G of sample, dissolve it in water, add acetic acid solution (30%) to neutralize and dilute it to 40ml, take 30ml, add 0.2ml acetic acid solution (30%) and 10ml newly prepared saturated hydrogen sulfide water, shake well. The dark color shall not be greater than the standard.
The standard is to dilute the remaining 10ml of sample solution and 0.006mg of impurity lead standard solution to 30ml, and treat it at the same time as the sample solution of the same volume.
Method 2:
1. First, nitromethane and paraformaldehyde are mixed in a certain molar ratio of 1:3.3. First, 93g of paraformaldehyde is weighed and put into a 500ml four necked flask. Then, 85g of methanol solvent and 0.3g of KOH catalyst are added, heated and stirred until they are completely dissolved. Then, 55g of nitromethane is slowly added dropwise for condensation reaction, and the reaction temperature is maintained at 40-55 ℃. After addition, it is maintained for 3-4 hours (about 55 ℃).
2. At the end of the reaction, put the condensate into the 1L autoclave in one pot, add 350g methanol and 20g nickel catalyst, check whether the autoclave is normal, replace the hydrogen in the autoclave, switch on the power supply, start stirring, and inject hydrogen for reduction reaction. The pressure is kept at 2-3mpa, the reaction temperature is controlled at 40-50 ℃, the hydrogenation is maintained for 2-3 hours (about 50 ℃), and the temperature is raised to 60 ℃ for 1 hour. The conversion rate is 98%.
3. Feed the material into a 1000ml four necked flask, add 5g of activated carbon, stir for 1 hour (keep the temperature at about 50 ℃), filter with a Buchner funnel, cool and crystallize 70g of crude product. Take 70g of crude product, add 65g of deionized water and 5g of activated carbon into a 500ml four necked flask, heat and stir, heat it to 80 ℃ for 1 hour, filter it with a Buchner funnel, cool it, and then discharge it. Dry it to obtain 65g of the finished product. The content of the finished product is 99.94%, and the absorbance (260nm) is 0.043. The methanol content of the solution is 99%.