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Paeonol powder, molecular formula C9H10O3, CAS 552-41-0. It is a natural organic compound commonly found in the roots of Chinese herbal medicine Paeonia lactiflora. It exists in the form of white to light yellow crystals or crystalline powders, with a unique aromatic odor, usually described as floral, woody, or vanilla fragrance. The solubility in water is relatively low, approximately 1.9 g/L (25 ° C). It has good solubility in polar organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Black smoke and special odors can be generated during open flame combustion. The solubility is also relatively high in non-polar solvents such as dichloromethane and benzene. Under light, a gradual fading reaction may occur, so prolonged exposure to sunlight should be avoided. It is slightly acidic, and the pH value of its solution is usually between 4 and 6. Stable under acidic conditions, but decomposition may occur under alkaline conditions. It is an organic compound and effective component extracted from the dried root bark of the Ranunculaceae plant peony. It can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of various bacteria, and has a good effect on treating skin infections such as inflammation. Relieve symptoms such as redness, swelling, and pain caused by skin inflammation, while also promoting skin repair. Paeonol can shrink the pores on the skin surface, reduce sebum secretion, and achieve a convergent effect.
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Chemical Formula |
C9H10O3 |
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Exact Mass |
166 |
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Molecular Weight |
166 |
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m/z |
166 (100.0%), 167 (9.7%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 65.05; H, 6.07; O, 28.88 |
The main methods of synthetic Paeonol powderare as follows:
(1)it was extracted from natural products. it is mainly extracted and separated from the bark of Cynanchum paniculatum and peony, with an average content of about 0.5% ～ 2.0%. The main methods used are: the organic solvent leaching method, distillation method, macroporous resin method, supercritical fluid extraction method, and the steam distillation method is widely used.
(2) it was prepared by chemical synthesis. Common synthetic methods include Friedel crafts, fries rearrangement, and kaolin microwave catalytic synthesis.
Danpi phenol is a compound with multiple pharmacological activities, widely used in fields such as medicine, health products, and cosmetics. The following are the detailed uses of paeonol, covering its applications in different fields and its specific mechanisms of action.
Medical field
1. Anti inflammatory effect
Has significant anti-inflammatory effects, can inhibit the production and release of inflammatory mediators, reduce tissue edema and redness. Therefore, paeonol is widely used to treat various inflammatory diseases.
(1) Skin inflammation: commonly used to treat skin inflammations such as eczema, dermatitis, and itching. It can effectively alleviate discomfort symptoms such as redness, swelling, and itching of the skin, and promote the recovery of skin health.
(2) Joint inflammation: Joint pain and swelling can also be alleviated by reducing the inflammatory response. Some compound preparations contain paeonol, which can be used to treat inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
2. Antibacterial effect
Danpi phenol has inhibitory effects on various bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and can inhibit their growth and reproduction.
(1) Bacterial infection: can be used to treat skin diseases caused by bacterial infections such as pustules. By inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria, paeonol can reduce the production of exudate and promote the resolution of inflammation.
(2) Fungal infection: It also has inhibitory effects on fungi such as psoriasis and Candida albicans. It can be used to treat skin diseases caused by fungal infections, such as tinea pedis, tinea pedis, etc.
3. Analgesic effect
Has a certain analgesic effect and can alleviate pain and discomfort.
(1) Muscle pain: Paeonol can exert analgesic effects by blocking calcium ion channels in nerve conduction pathways. For mild to moderate pain such as muscle soreness, paeonol can provide effective relief.
(2) Headache: Some compound preparations containing paeonol can be used to treat headaches, such as compound paeonol capsules.
4. Anti allergic effect
It can inhibit the occurrence of allergic reactions and has anti allergic effects.
(1) Allergic dermatitis: can be used to treat skin diseases caused by allergic reactions such as allergic dermatitis. By inhibiting the occurrence of allergic reactions, discomfort symptoms such as skin redness, swelling, and itching can be alleviated.
(2) Allergic rhinitis: Some preparations containing paeonol can also be used to treat allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis.
5. Antipyretic effect
Danpi phenol has a direct effect on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center and can lower the body temperature of fever patients.
Cold fever: Compound Danpi phenol tablets can be used to treat fever symptoms caused by a cold. By lowering body temperature, paeonol can alleviate discomfort caused by fever.
6. Cardiovascular protective effect
Paeonol powder can interfere with the interaction between platelet activating factor and its receptor, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation and preventing atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction.
(1) Antiplatelet aggregation: Danpi phenol can inhibit platelet activation, reduce platelet aggregation, and thus lower the risk of thrombosis.
(2) Protecting cardiovascular health: Long term use of health supplements or medications containing paeonol can protect cardiovascular health and prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.
Health products field
It is also widely used in the field of health products, mainly as an ingredient with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective effects.
1. Antioxidant effect
Danpi phenol has antioxidant properties, can eliminate free radicals, and protect cells from oxidative damage.
Delaying aging: Health products containing paeonol can delay the process of cellular aging and maintain cell vitality.
Protecting the skin: Paeonol can also protect the skin from external factors such as ultraviolet radiation and maintain skin health.
2. Anti inflammatory effect
The anti-inflammatory effect of paeonol makes it widely used in the field of health products.
Relieve inflammation: Health supplements containing paeonol can alleviate symptoms such as pain and swelling caused by inflammation.
Enhance immunity: Danpi phenol can also enhance the body's immunity and improve its resistance to diseases.
3. Cardiovascular protective effect
The cardiovascular protective effect of paeonol has attracted much attention in the field of health products.
Preventing cardiovascular diseases: Long term use of health products containing paeonol can prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, etc.
Improving blood circulation: Danpi phenol can improve blood circulation, promote blood circulation, and maintain the health of the cardiovascular system.
Cosmetics field
Danpi phenol is also widely used in the cosmetics industry, mainly as an ingredient for its anti-inflammatory, anti allergic, and whitening effects.
1. Anti inflammatory effect
Danpi phenol can inhibit the occurrence and development of inflammatory reactions, and has a relieving effect on skin inflammation caused by cosmetics.
Relieve cosmetic allergies: Some cosmetics containing paeonol can alleviate skin allergy symptoms caused by cosmetic ingredients, such as redness, swelling, itching, etc.
Protecting the skin barrier: Paeonol can also protect the skin barrier function, reducing external factors' irritation and damage to the skin.
2. Anti allergic effect
Danpi phenol can inhibit the occurrence of allergic reactions and has preventive and therapeutic effects on skin allergies caused by allergens.
Allergy prevention: Cosmetics containing paeonol can prevent the occurrence of skin allergy symptoms caused by allergens.
Relieve allergy symptoms: For skin that has already developed allergies, paeonol can alleviate allergy symptoms and promote skin recovery.
3. Whitening effect
Danpi phenol has a certain whitening effect and can inhibit the generation and deposition of melanin.
Inhibition of melanin production: Paeonol can inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, thereby reducing the production of melanin.
Diminishing pigmentation: Long term use of cosmetics containing paeonol can lighten pigmentation and make skin tone more even.
Other applications
In addition to the aforementioned fields, paeonol has also been widely used in other areas.
1. Food sector
Danpi phenol can be used as a food additive to enhance the antioxidant properties and stability of food.
Extended shelf life: Danpi phenol can inhibit the oxidation reaction of food and extend its shelf life.
Maintaining food color: Danpi phenol can also maintain the color and taste of food, improving its quality.
2. In the field of agriculture
Danpi phenol is also used in the agricultural field, mainly in pesticides and plant growth regulators.
Pesticide: Paeonol has certain bactericidal and insecticidal effects and can be used as a component of pesticides to prevent and control crop diseases and pests.
Plant growth regulator: Paeonol can also be used as a component of plant growth regulators to promote plant growth and development.
3. Environmental protection field
Danpi phenol also has applications in the field of environmental protection, mainly used in wastewater treatment and air purification.
Wastewater treatment: Paeonol can be used as a biological treatment agent to remove pollutants such as organic matter and heavy metals from wastewater.
Air purification: Paeonol can also be used as an ingredient in air purifiers to remove odors and harmful gases from the air.
Danpi phenol has various pharmacological activities and a wide range of application fields. In the field of medicine, paeonol can be used to treat inflammatory diseases, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases; In the field of health products, paeonol can be used as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent, and cardiovascular protective agent; In the field of cosmetics, paeonol can be used to alleviate allergies, prevent allergies, and whiten the skin; In other fields, paeonol can also be used in food, agriculture, and environmental protection. However, attention should still be paid to allergic reactions, drug interactions, use by pregnant and lactating women, use by children, and avoidance of direct sunlight during use.
Melting point 48-50 ° C (lit.), Boiling point 154 ° C / 20mmhg, Density 1.3102, Refractive index 1.5452 (estimated), Flash point > 230 ° f, Storage condition 2-8 ° C, Acidity coefficient (PKA) 9.79 ± 0.10 (predicted), Morphology crystal powder, Color white to Beige
, BRN 1282794, InChIKeyUILPJVPSNHJFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N, Hazard symbol (GHS), GHS07, Warning word, Hazard description h302-h312-h315-h319-h332-h335, Precautions p261-p280-p305 + P351 + p338-p264-p270-p301 + p312 + p330-p302 + p352 + p332 + P313 + p362 + p364-p305 + P351 + P338 + P337 + p313-p501-p280a-p304 + p340-p405-p501a, Dangerous goods signs xn, Xi, Hazard category code 20 / 21 / 22-36 / 37 / 38, Safety instructions 26-28-36 / 37 / 39-45, WGK Germany 3, RTECS No.: rt1215000.
Peony bark, a traditional Chinese medicine, is the dried root bark of the Ranunculaceae tree peony. The pharmacopoeia records its efficacy of clearing heat, cooling blood, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Paeonol Powder, also known as paeonol (Pae), is a small molecule phenolic compound with chemical name of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone, molecular weight of 166, and molecular formula of C9H10O3. Paeonol, as the main component of moutan bark, has been widely concerned because of its good pharmacological activity.
What are the side effects of this compound?
Paeonol is an active ingredient extracted from plants such as peonies. Regarding its side effects, although specific research results may vary due to individual differences, dosage, and usage methods, based on existing knowledge and research, the following possible side effects can be summarized:
- Skin irritation: Long term use of paeonol may cause certain irritation to the skin, leading to damage to the skin barrier or other skin problems.
- Allergic reactions: Some people may be allergic to certain components of paeonol, and may experience skin redness, itching, rash, and other allergic reactions after use.
- Gastrointestinal discomfort: If paeonol is ingested orally, it may cause gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Liver and kidney damage: Long term or excessive use of paeonol may have certain effects on liver and kidney function, leading to elevated transaminase levels or other manifestations of liver and kidney damage.
- Other potential risks: Although paeonol has certain potential value in the development and application of functional health products, there is currently a lack of systematic and in-depth toxicological safety evaluation data. Therefore, there may be other unknown or insufficiently studied side effects.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is its melting point exactly? Why do different sources of data fight?
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52-53 ° C is the true value of the pure product, while 48-50 ° C often implies trace impurities/hydration.
High purity COA calibration at 52-53 ° C; some reagent trademarks at 48-50 ° C. Unpopular fact: the melting point of paeonol is extremely sensitive to purity, and 0.5% moisture can drop the melting point by 2-3 ° C - the melting point difference is a secret quality control indicator to determine whether "recrystallization is needed".
It only stayed in the body for 10 minutes, and then where did it go?
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The concentration will disintegrate within 10 minutes after entering the brain, and 35% will be excreted in the form of metabolites from urine within 24 hours.
One of the only natural phenols that penetrates the blood-brain barrier, but has a very short residence time in the brain (<10 min peak). Without accumulation, it mainly goes to the kidneys, liver, and heart. Eventually, about 35% of it leaves through four metabolites: urine, bile, and feces - where does the remaining 65% go? There is currently no complete roadmap.
Is it safer to transport powders at room temperature for a month?
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Yes, it is. For powders, the activity remains unchanged after one month of transportation at room temperature, and freezing and thawing are the hidden killers.
Internal verification by the manufacturer: The powder remains active and undamaged at room temperature for one month, but after receiving it, it must be stored at -20 ° C. Strangely, after being prepared into a solution, it can only last for 1-3 months at -20 ° C, and repeated freezing and thawing are strictly prohibited. Cold knowledge: its storage paradox - solids are "afraid of being cold" while solutions are "afraid of moving".
Can it increase the value of other drugs in the body?
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Can. In compound DA-9805, the AUC of paeonol was passively increased by 155-164%.
It's not that it's being enhanced, but rather that Imperatorin in the formula inhibits the metabolic enzyme of paeonol, causing its blood concentration to double. Counter intuitive: Pure product ≠ maximum effect, while compound compatibility can "forcibly" prolong its extremely short half-life.
What is the inclusion constant between it and β - cyclodextrin? Why is it necessary to package at low temperature?
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Ks is approximately 300-500 L/mol (25 ° C); thermodynamic paradox: heating facilitates dissolution, but heating disrupts encapsulation.
Danpi phenol is volatile (can be distilled with water vapor), and although heating increases solubility during the preparation of inclusion complexes, it accelerates the escape of Danpi phenol. Therefore, optimizing the process often involves low-temperature (<40 ° C) and long-term stirring, rather than conventional heating and reflux.
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