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Magnesium ethoxide, also known as magnesium ethylate in Chinese, is an organic magnesium salt. Magnesium ethanolate is a powdery substance that appears white to light gray. The molecular formula is C4H10MgO2, with a molecular weight of 114.43. Its CAS number is 2414-98-4. Stable at room temperature and pressure, but may undergo violent reactions when in contact with water, moisture, strong acids, or oxidants. Avoid contact with oxides and water. Difficult to dissolve in ethers and hydrocarbons, slightly soluble in water, and soluble in ethanol. Used as a catalyst carrier for olefin polymerization of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, and low-density polyethylene. Raw materials for precision ceramics. The application in the field of environmental protection is mainly aimed at treating heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater. Due to its unique structure, it can effectively combine with heavy metal ions to separate them from wastewater, thereby achieving the goal of purifying water quality.
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C.F |
C4H10MgO2 |
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E.M |
114 |
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M.W |
114 |
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m/z |
114 (100.0%), 116 (13.9%), 115 (12.7%), 115 (4.3%) |
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E.A |
C, 41.99; H, 8.81; Mg, 21.24; O, 27.96 |
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The molecular structure of magnesium ethoxide can be represented by the molecular formula Mg (C2H5O) 2. It is an organic magnesiu compound composed of one magnesiu ion and two ethoxy ions. In this molecule, magnesiu ions (Mg) carry two positive charges, while each ethoxy ion (C2H5O) carries a negative charge, so they are connected by ionic bonds.
Each ethoxy ion is composed of an ethyl group and an ethoxy group. The ethyl group is composed of two carbon atoms and five hydrogen atoms, while the ethoxy group is composed of one oxygen atom and one ethyl group. The spatial structure of the entire molecule exhibits a linear configuration, with magnesiu ions located at the center of the molecule and ethoxy ions on both sides.
The molecular structure has a decisive impact on its physical and chemical properties. Due to the presence of a large number of carbonyl oxygen atoms in its molecules, it has strong nucleophilicity and condensation reaction activity, and can be widely used as a catalyst, condensation agent, and reducing agent in organic synthesis reactions.
Ethanol magnesium (Mg (OC2H5) 2), as a multifunctional organic magnesiu compound, has shown significant application value in energy storage, environmental governance, and green chemistry fields due to its unique chemical properties such as strong alkalinity, reducibility, and controllable solubility.
1. Plays a dual role in magnesium ion batteries:
Electrolyte additive: Ethanol magnesius ethoxy ligand can form stable complexes with magnesiu ions, reducing the overpotential of magnesiu deposition/dissolution and inhibiting dendrite growth. For example, adding 5% magnesium ethoxide to organic electrolytes can increase the cycle life of magnesiu ion batteries from 200 cycles to over 500 cycles, while maintaining a Coulombic efficiency of over 99%.
Electrode material precursor: Nanoscale magnesiu oxide (MgO) or magnesiu based composite oxides can be prepared by pyrolyzing ethanol magnesiu. When used as a positive electrode material, its layered structure can provide abundant magnesiu ion diffusion channels. Experiments have shown that using MgO/C composite materials derived from ethanol magnesiu as the positive electrode can achieve a battery specific capacity of 150 mAh/g, far exceeding traditional transition metal oxides.
2. mg-based hydrogen storage materials
High purity magnesiu nanoparticles (particle size<50 nm) can be generated through ethoxylation reaction, with a hydrogen storage capacity of 7.6 wt%, significantly higher than bulk magnesiu (3.6 wt%). By combining with carbon nanotubes, the hydrogen absorption rate of magnesiu based materials derived from ethanol magnesiu is increased to 0.8 wt%/min at 300 ℃, meeting the demand for rapid hydrogen refueling. In addition, Mg2NiH ₄ hydrogen storage alloy synthesized as a precursor can release 4.2 wt% hydrogen gas at 150 ℃, making it suitable for in vehicle hydrogen storage systems.
3. Magnesium based composite oxide catalyst
In the field of petrochemicals, the prepared magnesiu aluminum composite oxide (MgAl2O ₄) has a unique spinel structure and can be used as a carrier for catalytic cracking catalysts. Its high specific surface area (>200 m ²/g) and strong acidic sites can promote the cracking of heavy oil molecules, increase gasoline yield by 8% -10%, and reduce coke production. For example, the MgAl2O ₄ - based catalyst developed by Sinopec showed an activity decay rate of only 3% after continuous operation for 1000 hours in a catalytic cracking unit, which is superior to traditional silicon aluminum catalysts.
Environmental Purification Technology: Building a Green Governance System
1. Heavy metal adsorbent material
After sulfurization modification, - SH functional groups are introduced on the surface, which has high selective adsorption ability for heavy metal ions such as Pb ² ⁺ and Cd ² ⁺. At pH=5, the adsorption capacity of magnesiu mercaptide for Pb ² ⁺ reached 220 mg/g, and the adsorption equilibrium time was shortened to 10 minutes. This material has been applied to the treatment of electroplating wastewater, which can reduce the concentration of Pb ² ⁺ in the effluent to below 0.01 mg/L, far below the national discharge standard (0.1 mg/L).
2. CO2 capture materials
The magnesiu based amino carbonate generated by reacting with amino compounds (such as ethylenediamine) has an adsorption capacity of 3.8 mmol/g for CO2 at 40 ℃ and can be recycled through thermal regeneration at 100 ℃. In the flue gas treatment of coal-fired power plants, this material can increase the CO2 capture efficiency to 90% and reduce energy consumption by more than 30%. In addition, magnesiu based MOFs (metal organic frameworks) derived from ethanol magnesiu have a CO2 adsorption capacity of up to 10 mmol/g under high pressure conditions, making them suitable for deep-sea carbon sequestration technology.
3. Photocatalytic degradation of pollutants
The magnesiu doped titanium dioxide (Mg-TiO2) photocatalyst synthesized as a magnesiu source showed a degradation efficiency of 98% for Rhodamine B under UV irradiation, which is much higher than that of pure TiO2 (65%). The mechanism is that magnesiu doping reduces the band gap of TiO2 (from 3.2 eV to 2.8 eV) and expands the light response range to the visible light region. This material has been applied to the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, which can increase the COD removal rate to 90% and reduce the treatment cost by 40%.
1. Catalyst for biodiesel production
As an alkaline catalyst, Magnesium ethoxide can promote the ester exchange reaction between oil and methanol, producing fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel). Under the conditions of 65 ℃ and 3 MPa, the yield of rapeseed oil transesterification catalyzed by ethanol magnesiu reaches 99%, and it can be recycled for more than 5 times with an activity decay rate of less than 10%. Compared with traditional sodium hydroxide catalysts, the ethanol magnesiu system can reduce wastewater discharge by 80% and avoid saponification side reactions.
2. Magnesium based composite oxide cracking catalyst
The prepared magnesiu zirconium composite oxide (MgZrO ₓ) exhibits excellent performance in biomass gasification. At 850 ℃, the catalyst can increase the conversion rate of biomass tar to 95% and generate a large amount of synthesis gas (H2+CO volume fraction>70%).
For example, using corn stover as raw material, after catalytic gasification with MgZrO ₓ, the calorific value of the synthesized gas reaches 12 MJ/m ³, which can be directly used for gas turbine power generation.
3. Magnesiu based lithium storage materials
The MgO/C composite material prepared by carbon coating treatment has a first charge discharge efficiency of 92% as the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries, and a capacity retention rate of>95% after 100 cycles. Its high specific capacity (800 mAh/g) is due to the synergistic effect of magnesiu redox reaction and carbon conductivity. This material has been applied to electric vehicle batteries, which can increase the range by 15% and reduce battery costs by 20%.
It is an organic compound with the molecular formula Mg (C2H5O) 2. It can be used as a catalyst, condensation agent, and reducing agent in organic synthesis reactions, and has broad application prospects.
The chemical equation for this reaction is as follows:
Mg + 2C2H5OH + 2C2H5Cl → Mg (C2H5O)2 + 2HCl
In this reaction, magnesiu powder (Mg) reacts with anhydrous ethanol (C2H5OH) and chloroethanol (C2H5Cl) to produce (Mg (C2H5O) 2) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). In this equation, the hydrochloric acid generated during the reaction will be collected and discharged in order to obtain pure magnsium ethoxide.
Step 1: Prepare the reaction vessel
Firstly, we need to prepare a dry reaction vessel, preferably using a round bottomed flask with a condenser tube and stirring rod. This is because this reaction produces hydrogen gas, which needs to be collected and discharged through a condenser. In addition, before conducting the reaction, we need to heat the flask to above 80 ℃ and keep it dry.
Step 2: Add anhydrous ethanol to the reaction vessel
After the reaction vessel reaches the required temperature, we need to add a certain amount of anhydrous ethanol to it and keep it dry. Water can be removed by pouring ethanol into a pre dried drying tube. During this process, it is important to be careful not to pour ethanol too quickly to avoid boiling and splashing.
Step 3: Gradually add magnesium powder
Next, we need to gradually add magnesiu powder to anhydrous ethanol. During this process, a stirring rod can be used to help dissolve magnesiu powder and prevent it from gathering together. It should be noted that magnesiu powder should be kept in a dry state and sieved before adding to the reaction vessel to remove larger particles.
Step 4: Dropwise addition of chloroethanol
After the magnesiu powder is completely dissolved, we need to add chloroethanol dropwise into the reaction system. Chloroethanol, also known as chloroethanol, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H5Cl. In the reaction, it acts as a catalyst and can accelerate the reaction between ethanol and magnesiu powder.
Step 5: Observe the reaction process
When chloroethanol is added dropwise to the reaction vessel, the reaction will start quickly. During this process, you will observe a color change in the solution, gradually transitioning from colorless or light yellow to yellow or orange. This is due to the production of magnesium ethoxide, causing the solution in the reaction vessel to become turbid.
Step 6: Continue stirring
During the reaction process, it is necessary to continuously stir the reaction system to ensure that the reaction is fully carried out. During this process, you can continue to observe the color changes of the reaction solution and the emission of gases. After the reaction is completely completed, the color in the reaction solution will gradually fade, and the emission of hydrogen gas will also gradually decrease.
Step 7: Filter and wash the product
After the reaction is completed, we need to filter the product through filter paper or other filtering media and wash it with ethanol to remove any impurities.
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