Uridine Powder, white needle shaped crystals or powder. Odorless, slightly sweet and slightly spicy in taste. A type of nucleoside. Soluble in water, slightly soluble in dilute alcohol, insoluble in anhydrous ethanol. It is a pharmaceutical intermediate used for the synthesis of cytarabine. Cytarabine is an antiviral drug that is also used to treat tumors, especially leukemia. It is a methoxyadenosine derivative isolated from the Caribbean sponge crypt. It has been proven that it has various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and vasodilatory properties, and can inhibit the proliferation of mouse lymphoma cells. The final medical drugs in clinical practice can be used for giant red blood cell anemia, and can also be combined with other nucleosides and bases to treat diseases such as liver, cerebrovascular, and cardiovascular diseases
|
Chemical Formula |
C9H12N2O6 |
|
Exact Mass |
369 |
|
Molecular Weight |
369 |
|
m/z |
244 (100.0%), 245 (9.7%), 246 (1.2%) |
|
Elemental Analysis |
C, 44.27; H, 4.95; N, 11.47; O, 39.31 |
|
Morphological |
powder |
|
Color |
white to off white |
|
Melting point |
220-222 ° C |
|
Density |
1.674 ± 0.06 g / cm3 (predicted) |
|
Storage conditions |
- 20 ° C |
|
Acidity coefficient ( pKa ) |
1: 9.30 (25 ° C) |
|
|
|
The report on the production of Uridine powder (UR) by fermentation was about the same period as the report on the production of cytidine by fermentation. From the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, scientists from Takeda chemical industry company in Japan began to publish this achievement. They jointly studied pyrimidine nucleoside fermentation, and each focused on a different topic. Uridine is an important intermediate of synthetic drugs and anti-tumor drug 5. Fluorouracil, 5, fluorouracil nucleoside and antiviral drug 5-iododeoxyuridine have always been prepared by chemical synthesis. If uridine is used as the precursor, semi synthesis or functional group replacement will greatly reduce the production cost of such drugs.
In the past, some reports used the mutants of E. coli, Salmonella and Brevibacterium ammonia to produce uridine or uridine, but the yield did not exceed the level of 59 / L, which was not valuable in industrial production. Perhaps the same group of people studied the mutation breeding of uridine and cytidine. They used the same wild strain of Bacillus subtilis as the mother strain (No.122) and achieved the success of producing uridine and cytidine by fermentation.
Uridine is an important nucleoside compound with multiple important physiological functions in living organisms. In the laboratory, uridine can be synthesized through various methods.
Synthesis steps:
First, prepare the corresponding raw materials, including phosphoric acid, uracil, methanol, etc. Ensure that the quality and purity of these raw materials meet the experimental requirements.
The phosphorylation reaction between uracil and phosphoric acid is carried out under appropriate temperature and pH conditions. Phosphorylation reaction is a crucial step in the synthesis of uridine, which converts uridine into uridine phosphate through the esterification reaction between phosphate and uridine.
Chemical equation:
H3PO4 + H2O + C4H4N2O2 → H3PO4 C4H4N2O2 + H2O
The uridine phosphate obtained in the previous step is dephosphorylated under acidic conditions to obtain uridine. The dephosphorylation reaction converts uridine phosphate into uridine through acid hydrolysis.
Chemical equation:
H3PO4-C4H4N2O2 + H2O + H+→ C4H5N2O2 + H3PO4
Purify the synthesized uridine through purification methods such as recrystallization to improve its purity. The purified uridine can be obtained in solid form through crystallization.
Drying and preservation: Dry the crystallized uridine to remove any moisture. After drying, uridine can be stored in a dry and dark environment to avoid moisture and exposure to light.
Through the above laboratory synthesis methods of uridine, high-purity uridine can be obtained. This method has the advantages of simple operation, high yield, and wide applicability. Meanwhile, mastering this synthesis method can provide strong support for research in related fields and promote the research and application development of nucleoside compounds.
Uridine powder is a type of uridine composed of ribose and uracil, and is an important component of RNA. It is widely present in living organisms and plays multiple important physiological functions. Uridine is not only involved in the biosynthesis of RNA and DNA, but also closely related to glycogen deposition, protein and lipid glycosylation, maintenance of body temperature, and circadian rhythm.
The physiological function of uridine in organisms
1. Promote the biosynthesis of RNA and DNA
Uridine is a direct precursor of RNA, which forms RNA strands together with adenosine, guanosine, and cytidine. Uridine plays a crucial role in gene expression and protein synthesis. It participates in the transcription process, transcribing DNA information into RNA, which in turn guides protein synthesis. In addition, uridine indirectly supports DNA repair and replication processes by affecting the activity of related enzymes.
2. Maintain cellular health and function
Uridine maintains normal cellular function by promoting the synthesis of DNA and RNA. DNA and RNA are carriers of cellular genetic information, and their normal synthesis and expression are crucial for cell growth, division, and metabolism. The deficiency of uridine may lead to cellular dysfunction, which in turn affects the overall health of the organism.
3. Promote brain health and neural development
Uridine plays an important role in the brain and is a crucial raw material for synthesizing neurotransmitters and neuroregulatory substances. It participates in the formation of synapses in neurons, enhancing memory and learning abilities. Research has shown that uridine can promote the growth and repair of neurons, helping to alleviate certain neurological disorders such as cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, uridine also supports the neural development of newborns and infants by increasing the DHA content in neurons, promoting the normal development of the nervous system.
4. Improve liver function and metabolism
Uridine plays an important role in the liver, participating in the synthesis of phospholipids and assisting in the generation and maintenance of cell membranes. Phospholipids are an important component of the cell membrane and are crucial for maintaining the normal structure and function of liver cells. Uridine promotes the synthesis of phospholipids, which helps protect liver cells from damage and promotes liver repair and regeneration. In addition, uridine also participates in the synthesis and breakdown of glycogen, regulates blood glucose levels, and plays an important role in maintaining metabolic balance in the liver.
5. Regulate blood sugar and improve diabetes
Uridine has the potential to regulate blood sugar. Some studies have shown that uridine can help control blood sugar levels by affecting insulin secretion and metabolic pathways. Supplementing with uridine under high-fat diet conditions can lower blood sugar levels and improve glucose tolerance. However, under normal dietary conditions, long-term supplementation of uridine may lead to elevated blood sugar levels and insulin resistance. This indicates that the regulation of glucose metabolism by uridine is influenced by the calorie levels in the diet. Therefore, in the treatment of diabetes, the supplementation of uridine needs to be cautious and adjusted according to the specific situation.
6. Anti inflammatory and immune regulation
Uridine has certain anti-inflammatory properties, which can alleviate inflammatory reactions and regulate the function of the immune system. It participates in various metabolic processes in the body, enhances the body's ability to resist diseases by regulating the activity of immune cells. In some studies, uridine is believed to enhance the function of T cells and B cells, which is crucial for maintaining overall immune balance. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of uridine may be related to its involvement in regulating the production and release of cytokines.
7. Participate in fat metabolism and weight regulation
Uridine is closely related to fat metabolism. It participates in the synthesis and decomposition process of adipose tissue, affecting the stability of blood lipids. Some studies suggest that long-term supplementation of exogenous uridine may lead to the occurrence of fatty liver, while others suggest that supplementing uridine can prevent drug-induced liver fat accumulation. This indicates that the role of uridine in fat metabolism is complex and still not fully understood. However, some studies suggest that uridine may affect uridine synthesis and fat accumulation by regulating the activity of transcription factor X box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) in adipose tissue. Overexpression of Xbp1 can increase the synthesis of uridine and inhibit fat accumulation, indicating that Xbp1 may be a mediator between uridine and fat metabolism, playing a synergistic role in obesity.
8. Maintain biological rhythms and regulate body temperature
Uridine can also regulate important biological rhythms in the body, such as body temperature and circadian rhythms. These rhythms are crucial for the normal physiological functions of organisms. Uridine maintains the circadian rhythm and body temperature rhythm of organisms by regulating the expression of clock related genes. This is of great significance for the adaptability and survival ability of organisms.
Clinical application and research prospects of uridine
Although uridine has important physiological and pharmacological effects, there is still relatively little research on its clinical application. However, with a deeper understanding of the physiological functions of uridine, its application prospects in clinical disease treatment are gradually emerging. For example, in nervous system diseases, liver diseases, diabetes, obesity and immune regulation, uridine may have potential therapeutic effects. In addition, uridine may also serve as a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of diseases.
However, the clinical application of uridine powder still faces some challenges. For example, the metabolic pathway and pharmacological mechanism of uridine have not been fully elucidated; The dosage and administration method of uridine need to be further optimized; The long-term safety and efficacy of uridine require more clinical trials to validate. Therefore, future research should focus on the metabolic pathways, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical applications of uridine, providing more scientific basis for its clinical application.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is uridine used for?
+
-
Uridine is a nucleoside that can be found in various foods or synthesized by the body from uracil. It plays a role in metabolic processes and can potentially be used to treat symptoms of anxiety and depression, although further research is needed before recommending its supplementation.
When should I take uridine?
-
How should this medicine be used? Uridine triacetate comes as granules to take by mouth. It is usually taken with or without meals four times a day (every 6 hours) for 20 doses. Take uridine triacetate at around the same times every day.
How does uridine affect the brain?
+
-
Uridine supplementation not only increases protein O-GlcNAcylation, but also promotes synaptic membrane synthesis in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Uridine is the substrate for synthesis of cytidine triphosphate, the nucleotide used for production of CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine.
Does uridine boost dopamine?
+
-
Dietary uridine-5′-monophosphate supplementation increases potassium-evoked dopamine release and promotes neurite outgrowth in aged rats.
Does uridine affect sleep?
+
-
It is well established that uridine is one of the sleep-promoting substances, we have, therefore, synthesized new types of hypnotic compounds from oxopyrimidine nucleosides.
Hot Tags: uridine powder cas 58-96-8, suppliers, manufacturers, factory, wholesale, buy, price, bulk, for sale, Cysteamine powder, d erythrose, 4 Chlorobutyryl Chloride CAS 4635 59 0, 5 Bromoisatoic Anhydride CAS 4692 98 2, 4 6 Dichloro 2 methylpyrimidine CAS 1780 26 3, 1 1 2 2 Tetrabromoethane CAS 79 27 6