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Kisspeptin powder is a polypeptide hormone composed of 145 amino acids, with a molecular weight of about 16 kDa, CAS 1145998-81-7, and the name AC-D-ALA-ASN-TRP-ASN-GLY-PHE-GLY-D-TRP-ARG -PHE-NH2, chemical formula C63H78N18O13. Its amino acid sequence is highly conserved, and the common form is produced by cleavage based on the product of 54 amino acids encoded by the Kiss-1 gene. Its structural features include four consecutive α-helices containing regions rich in aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine. It regulates reproductive function by binding to the G protein-coupled receptor GPR54 and initiating downstream signaling pathways. Rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody peptide is considered to be one of the key regulators of gonadal development and reproductive cycle. It is mainly secreted by Kiss-1 neurons in the hypothalamus and transported through the bloodstream to other parts of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, such as the pituitary and gonads. Secretion is regulated by various exogenous factors, such as sex hormones, neurotransmitters, nutritional status, etc. Normal sex hormone levels are essential for proper secretion of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody. The half-life in blood circulation is short, about 2-3 minutes. This may be affected by protease degradation and renal clearance. Expression is widespread in many tissues, including pituitary, pineal, hypothalamus, gonads and other peripheral tissues. Rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody hormone plays an important role in gonad development, sex hormone secretion, sexual cycle regulation and sexual behavior. Plays an important role in reproductive regulation. Rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody therapy is also very popular in terms of treatment.
Customized Bottle Caps & Corks
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| Chemical Formula | C63H78N18O13 |
| Molecular Weight | 1295.41 |
| Form | Solid |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Purity(HPLC) | ≥98.0% |
| Acetate Content | ≤12.0 |
| Water Content | ≤8.0 |
| Peptide Content | ≥80.0 |
| Endotoxin | ≤50EU/mg |
| Amino Acid Composition Analysis | ≤±10% |
| Storage Conditions | Storeat-20°C |
| Solubility | Insoluble in DMSO; insoluble in ethanol; ≥4.44mg/mL in ultrasonic testing water |
| Water Solubility | SolublChemicalbooketo1mg/mlinwater |
| Sequence | Ac-d-Ala-Asn-Trp-Asn-Gly-Phe-Gly-d-Trp-Arg-Phe-NH2 |
Kisspeptin powder (CAS number: 1145998-81-7) is a short peptide composed of 12 amino acids, and its unique molecular structure (Ac ANNWGFGWRF-NH2) endows it with a wide range of biological activities. As an important member of the rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody family, this peptide has shown significant effects in reproductive endocrine, metabolic regulation, tissue repair, and other fields by binding to the GPR54 receptor, making it one of the current hotspots in biomedical research.
1. The key switch between puberty initiation and sexual maturity
It is an upstream regulatory factor of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis (HPG axis). Before puberty, the activity of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody neurons in the hypothalamus is low; As puberty approaches, its expression level significantly increases, and by activating the GPR54 receptor, it promotes the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn drives the pituitary gland to release follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), ultimately initiating gonadal development. Clinical studies have found defects in the Kisspeptin-GPR54 signaling pathway in patients with developmental abnormalities during puberty, suggesting its central role in initiating the "biological clock" during puberty.
2. Potential targets for the treatment of reproductive diseases
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): PCOS patients have abnormal activity of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody neurons in the hypothalamus, leading to disrupted secretion of GnRH. Animal experiments have shown that exogenous administration of Kisspeptin 234 can restore GnRH pulse frequency and improve polycystic ovary syndrome.
Infertility: In in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, a dual dose regimen (9.6 nmol/kg × 2) increased the patient's egg retrieval rate by 60%, which may involve enhancing the sensitivity of ovarian granulosa cells to FSH.
Hypogonadism: The synthetic agonist MVT-602 significantly increases male LH pulse frequency by prolonging GPR54 receptor activation time, providing a new therapy for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
3. Precise regulation of the reproductive cycle
Plays a dynamic regulatory role in the female menstrual cycle. During the follicular phase, an increase in its level promotes GnRH secretion and drives an increase in FSH/LH; During the luteal phase, excessive activation is suppressed through a negative feedback mechanism to maintain hormone balance. Animal experiments have shown that blocking rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody signaling can lead to ovulation disorders, while supplementation can restore fertility.
Emerging roles of metabolic regulation
1. Neural regulation of energy balance
Rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody neurons have anatomical connections with the hypothalamic feeding center. When there is a lack of energy, the level of neuropeptide Y (NPY) increases, which reduces reproductive function by inhibiting neuronal activity, forming a negative feedback loop of the "metabolism reproduction" axis. Animal experiments have shown that central injection can reduce food intake, and its effect is similar to that of leptin, but the mechanism of action is independent of the leptin signaling pathway.
2. Pancreatic regulation of insulin secretion
Pancreatic beta cells express GPR54 receptors, and Kisspeptin 234 promotes insulin secretion by activating Ca ² ⁺ channels.
Pre clinical studies showed that the treatment could improve the glucose tolerance of type 2 diabetes model mice in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the level of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody in the placenta increases by 900-7000 times during pregnancy, and it works in conjunction with hCG to maintain insulin sensitivity during pregnancy.
3. Intervention potential for obesity related metabolic disorders
May affect energy expenditure by regulating the activity of brown adipose tissue. Animal experiments have shown that long-term administration can reduce high-fat diet induced weight gain, and its mechanism involves activating UCP1 gene expression and promoting thermogenesis.
Cross border application of organizational repair and disease treatment
1. The inhibitory effect of pulmonary fibrosis
In a mouse pulmonary fibrosis model induced by bleomycin, rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody 234 (1 mg/kg, ip, once daily for 28 days) inhibited the TGF - β 1 signaling pathway through GPR54 receptor, significantly reducing collagen deposition and improving lung function. Its effect is comparable to pirfenidone, but with fewer side effects.
2. Neuroprotection and cognitive improvement
It has a direct protective effect on neurons. In the subarachnoid hemorrhage model, a dose of 50 nmol/kg can reduce Bax/Caspase-3 expression and decrease neuronal apoptosis. In addition, it can produce antidepressant like effects by antagonizing alpha 2 adrenergic receptors, improving cognitive impairment caused by chronic stress.
3. Potential treatments for reproductive system tumors
Downregulation of expression in ovarian cancer and prostate cancer, and its absence may promote tumor progression. In vitro experiments have shown that restoring rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody signaling can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and the mechanism involves downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Innovative applications in the field of beauty and health
1. Breakthrough discovery in hair growth
The patented technology reveals that it can stimulate the proliferation of hair follicle stem cells and prolong the hair growth period. Pre clinical studies showed that local application of kisspeptin powder gel (0.1%) increased the density of mouse back hair by 35%, which was better than minoxidil. The mechanism involves activating the Wnt/β - catenin signaling pathway, promoting the transition of hair follicles from the resting phase to the growth phase.
2. The potential value of anti-aging skin
Kisspeptin 234 improves skin elasticity by upregulating the expression of collagen synthesis related genes (COL1A1, COL3A1). Experiments on human skin fibroblasts in vitro showed that treatment with a concentration of 10 nM for 48 hours can increase the secretion of type I collagen by 2.3 times, which is more effective than vitamin C derivatives.
Synthesis Methods
Chemical synthesis is one of the commonly used methods for synthesizing kisspeptin, in which organic synthesis chemical reactions are used to construct the structure of the peptide chain. Common steps include formation of peptide bonds, coupling of amino acids and removal of protecting groups, etc.
Solid-phase synthesis is a commonly used method for synthesizing rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody. In this method, the amino acid is linked to the solid phase support with its carboxyl protecting group, and then the coupling of the amino acid is carried out by using a suitable active agent and condensation reagent. By repeating these steps, the length of the peptide chain can be gradually extended until the complete rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody is synthesized.
Nuclease digestion is a method used to extract rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody from natural sources. It involves enzymatic digestion of a rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody-containing biological sample, such as brain tissue or plasma, to release the kisspeptin peptide chains.
The genetic engineering method is a method for synthesizing rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody by recombinant DNA technology. This method involves introducing the gene sequence encoding rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody into an expression vector, and then expressing the gene in an appropriate expression host, thereby synthesizing rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody.
It is important to note that the synthesis method of kisspeptin powder may vary between different research laboratories and drug companies. In addition, due to the structural complexity of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody, its synthesis may require multiple steps and special chemical reagents. For more detailed synthetic methods and steps, you may need to refer to relevant scientific literature or professional manuals.
1. Molecular structure and sequence
It is a neuropeptide consisting of 145 amino acids, containing a highly conserved 10 amino acid sequence, known as kisspeptin-10 (KP-10). Besides KP-10, there exist other rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody derivatives, such as kisspeptin-54 (KP-54), which are widely distributed in the human body.
2. Amino acid composition
It contains a variety of amino acids, the most notable of which are phenylalanine, glycine, asparagine, and proline. These amino acids play an important role in the structure and function of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody.
3. Secondary structure
It has a complex secondary structure, which includes elements such as α-helices, β-sheets and random coils. The formation of these secondary structures determines the stability and function of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody.
4. Solubility properties
It is a hydrophilic peptide with good water solubility. Its solubility is affected by factors such as pH, ionic strength and solvent type.
5. Thermal stability
It is relatively stable within a certain temperature range and can be stored at a certain temperature for a long time. However, excessive temperature or extreme conditions may lead to the degradation and inactivation of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody.
6. Chemical reactions and modifications
It can participate in a variety of chemical reactions and modifications, such as amino acid condensation reactions, phosphorylation, methylation, etc. These reactions and modifications can alter the structure and biological activity of rabbit anti-KISS1 antibody.
7. Biological activity
Kisspeptin is a neuromodulatory peptide that plays important biological functions in the human body, especially in regulating gonadal hormone release and reproductive system development. It activates downstream signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol pathway and protein kinase pathway, by binding to G protein-coupled receptor Kiss1R.
FAQ
What is kisspeptin used for?
It is a critical endogenous activator of the reproductive system, with escalating clinical interest as a novel therapeutic for common reproductive and psychosexual disorders.
What is the function of kisspeptin hormone?
Kisspeptin, encoded by KISS1/Kiss1 gene, is now considered a master regulator of reproductive functions in mammals owing to its involvement in the direct activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons after binding to its cognate receptor, GPR54.
What are the results of kisspeptin in men?
Indeed, in response to kisspeptin's acute restoration of sexual brain activity, we observed significant increases in penile tumescence (by 56% more than placebo) and behavioural measures of sexual desire (including increased 'happiness about sex'), providing functional and behavioural relevance.
Is kisspeptin an HGH?
304 stainless steel meets the international requirements of food grade,316 stainless steel is not only food grade or medical grade. However,the Although kisspeptin is the primary stimulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and therefore the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, recent findings suggest kisspeptin can also regulate additional neuroendocrine processes including release of growth hormone (GH).
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