TB 500 peptide (Thymosin beta 4), molecular formula C212H350N56O78S, CAS 75591-33-4. A small molecular weight protein composed of 43 amino acid residues, widely distributed in various tissues and cells in the human body. As one of the main actin regulatory molecules in the human body, it has multiple biological functions and plays an extremely important role in physiological and pathological processes such as tissue regeneration, remodeling, wound healing, maintaining actin balance, tumor onset and metastasis, cell apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, hair follicle development, etc. In 1981, Low et al. first separated T from thymosin extract component 5 by column chromatography and gel filtration β 4. It has fewer hydrophobic amino acids and exists in a single chain form and functions. Many cell types can produce TB500 , including platelets, endothelial cells, neutrophils, astrocytes, and macrophages.
Research has found that there are up to 16 members of the thymosin family, among which T β 4. T β 10 and T β 15 has been found to exist in humans. Among them, tb 500 peptid (T β 4) Yes β- A 5.0 kDa member of the thymosin molecular family. The members of this family have a sequence length of 41-44 amino acids and an isoelectric point between pH 4.0 and 7.0( α-The value of thymosin is less than 4.0. The length of mature human Thymosin beta 4 is 43 amino acids. It contains an actin binding site (aa 17-23), an acetylated Ser, five acetylated lysine (4; 12; 26; 32; 39), and a phosphorylation site at Thr23. Mature human peptid tb 500 shares the same sequence as mice and has 74% sequence similarity with its human family member Thymosin beta 10.
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TB 500 COA
TB 500 peptide, as an important bioactive peptide, has various pharmacological effects and clinical application values. Its immunomodulatory effect can enhance the body's resistance, and has a good effect on the treatment of tumors, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, etc; Its neuroprotective effect can improve cognitive function, memory ability, etc., and has a good effect on treating neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischemia, and other diseases; Its cardiovascular protective effect can lower blood pressure, improve vasomotor function, and have good effects on preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
BT 500 peptide binds to G-actin in an extended configuration, which is hindered by spatial resistance and salt induced actin polymerization. The aggregation and depolymerization of actin subunits are T β A major mechanism that promotes cell migration. Research has shown that T β 4 can significantly increase the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and adhesion abilities of EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) in a dose-effect relationship.
Currently, there are concerns about best place to buy tb 500 studies have found that it plays an important role in vascular regeneration, and both in vitro and in vivo experiments have found that T β 4 can promote the proliferation, migration, and enhancement of endothelial cell lumen formation ability, and can also promote neovascularization by promoting the differentiation, homing, and other processes of endothelial progenitor cells β When the expression of 4 is low, angiogenesis is significantly affected.
T β 4 can reduce the proapoptotic effect of alcohol on human corneal epithelial cells in vitro, which is achieved by reducing damaged mitochondrial changes, releasing cytochrome C from mitochondria, increasing the expression of bcl-2 and aspartate enzyme activity.
Studies have found that in samples of skin, cornea, and heart damage and endotoxin-induced sepsis, T β 4 shows the ability to downregulate inflammatory mediators and reduce the infiltration of inflammatory response cells.
Research has shown that T β The expression level of 4 is highest in the degenerative and quiescent stages of the first hair follicle development cycle, indicating that it has the most significant regulatory effect on hair follicles during the degenerative and quiescent stages. TB500 affects hair follicle growth by acting on the JNK and Notch signaling pathways.
Thymosin β 4 is a peptide substance secreted by the thymus gland, which has various biological activities and pharmacological effects, and is widely used in fields such as medicine and biotechnology. Next, we will investigate the effects of thymosin β Provide a detailed description of all uses of T β 4.
Thymosin β 4 is an important immune regulator that can regulate the body's immune response. It activates the signal transduction pathway of immune cells by binding to receptors on their surface, thereby affecting the activation and function of immune cells. Thymosin β It can promote the differentiation and maturation of T cells, enhance the ability of T cells to kill tumor cells, and inhibit inflammatory reaction and autoimmune reaction. It has a good effect on the treatment of tumors, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, etc.
TB 500 for sale has also been found to have neuroprotective effects, which can protect neurons from damage. It reduces neuronal damage and promotes the regeneration and repair of nerve cells by inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Thymosin β 4 can be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischemia and other diseases, and has a good effect on improving cognitive function, memory ability, etc.
Thymosin β 4 also has cardiovascular protective effects, which can protect the heart and blood vessels from damage. It reduces damage to myocardial cells, lowers blood pressure, and improves vasodilation and contraction function by inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Thymosin β 4 can be used to treat diseases such as myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction, and has good effects on improving myocardial function and preventing cardiovascular diseases.
In addition to the aforementioned pharmacological effects, thymosin β 4 also has other pharmacological effects. For example, it can inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumor cells, and has a good effect on treating tumors; It can promote wound healing and has a good effect on treating ulcers, burns, etc; It can inhibit bone resorption and has a good effect on treating diseases such as osteoporosis; It can promote the metabolism and detoxification function of the liver, and has a good effect on treating hepatitis, cirrhosis, etc.
In addition, thymosin β 4 can also be used to treat diseases such as ulcers, burns, osteoporosis, and has broad application prospects for improving human health.
The synthesis method of TB 500 peptide usually uses Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS).
Material preparation:
Solid phase peptide synthesis resin: Fmoc Lys (Boc) Wang resin is usually used as a solid phase carrier, which has high hydrolysis resistance and acid sensitivity.
Amino acids: The quality and purity of the amino acids required for synthesis should be tested in advance to ensure the quality of the synthesized peptide.
Dichloromethane (DCM): used for deprotection and flushing.
Pyridine: used for deprotection.
Methanol: used for flushing and recrystallization.
Acetonitrile: Used for flushing.
Glycine: used for rinsing and recrystallization.
Trifluoroacetic acid: used for acid cutting and rinsing.
Hexane hydrochloride: used for recrystallization.
Ether: used for recrystallization.
Thin layer chromatography plate: used to monitor the progress of reactions.
UV lamp: used to detect the successful synthesis of peptides.
Synthesis steps:
Preparation of resin:
Place a certain amount of resin (such as 500mg) into a glass tube or beaker, and add an appropriate amount of dichloromethane to soak to remove residual Boc protective groups. Then rinse the resin with methanol and acetonitrile to remove unreacted amino acids and other impurities.
Amino acid condensation:
React the required amino acids one by one with the resin in order to form peptide chains. The condensation reaction of each amino acid typically takes 2-3 hours. After the reaction is completed, rinse the resin with DCM to remove unreacted amino acids and other impurities.
Deprotection:
Use pyridine to remove the Boc protective group from the amino acid residues on the resin. The deprotection reaction usually takes 2-3 hours. After the reaction is completed, rinse the resin with DCM to remove unreacted pyridine and other impurities.
Acid cutting:
Using trifluoroacetic acid to cut the connection between the peptide chain and the resin, releasing the peptide chain from the resin. The acid cutting reaction usually takes several hours. After the reaction is completed, rinse the resin with DCM to remove unreacted trifluoroacetic acid and other impurities.
Recrystallization:
Dissolve the released peptide chain in an appropriate amount of water or a mixed solvent (such as ether: n-hexane=1:1), and then slowly add glycine or acetonitrile to allow the peptide chain to crystallize and precipitate. After recrystallization, rinse the beaker with ether and acetonitrile to remove the amorphous solution and impurities.
Purification:
Dissolve the crystalline peptide in an appropriate amount of water or mixed solvent, and purify it through column chromatography. Wash the purified peptide column with methanol and collect the purified peptide solution.
Drying:
Vacuum drying or freeze-drying the purified peptide solution to obtain TB 500 peptide dry powder.
Quality control is required during the synthesis process to ensure that the quality of the synthesized peptide meets the requirements. Quality control includes the following steps:
Quality control:
Amino acid analysis:
After each amino acid condensation step is completed, the amino acid composition of the peptide chain is detected through an amino acid analyzer to ensure that the amino acid residues are connected in the expected order.
RP-HPLC analysis:
After the deprotection, acid cleavage, and purification steps are completed, the purity and molecular weight of the peptide chain are detected using a reverse high-performance liquid chromatography. Compare the retention time and peak shape with the standard to determine the quality of the peptide chain.
Mass spectrometry analysis:
Use a mass spectrometer to detect the molecular weight and fragment ion information of peptide chains to further confirm their molecular weight and structure. If the mass spectrometry results show the presence of impurities or incorrectly connected amino acid residues, the synthesis and quality control steps need to be redone.
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