Trichloroisocyanuric Acid Powder CAS 87-90-1

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Trichloroisocyanuric acid powder (tcca powder), the main component is trichloroisocyanuric acid, CAS 87-90-1, Molecular formula C3Cl3N3O3, is an organic compound, white crystalline powder or granular solid, with strong chlorine odor, sensitive to light, soluble in dilute alkali, ammonia, and pyridine, slightly soluble in water, and unstable aqueous solution. Trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) is a very strong oxidizing and chlorinating agent. Mixed with an ammonium salt, ammonia water, and urea to generate explosive nitrogen trichloride. It also releases nitrogen trichloride when exposed to moisture and heat, and is flammable when exposed to organic matter. Trichloroisocyanuric acid has almost no corrosive effect on stainless steel, and the corrosion of brass is stronger than that of carbon steel. Used as a raw material in the organic synthesis industry, it can synthesize various organic compounds such as tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate. Cyanuric acid, the decomposition product of trichloroisocyanuric acid, is not only non-toxic but also has a wide range of uses, which can be used to produce a series of resins, coatings, adhesives, and plastics. Trichloroisocyanurate can also be used for pool disinfection.

Trichloroisocyanuric acid powder (chemical formula: C3ClN3, molecular weight: 232.41) is an organic compound that appears as a white crystalline powder or granular solid with a strong chlorine gas irritant odor. As an important member of chlorinated isocyanuric acid compounds, it has become an indispensable "disinfection guardian" in modern industry and life due to its efficient, broad-spectrum, and stable disinfection performance.

Disinfection and sterilization: core applications in public health and medical fields

 

1. Disinfection of environment and object surfaces
Trichloroisocyanuric acid is an efficient disinfectant used in hospitals, laboratories, and public places such as schools, stations, and shopping malls. Its effective chlorine content is over 90%, and it achieves rapid sterilization by releasing hypochlorous acid molecules to penetrate microbial cell membranes, disrupt protein structures. The experiment shows that 0.5% solution can kill 99.9% of bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and viruses (such as hepatitis A and hepatitis B virus) within 5 minutes, and it is also effective for HIV and sex viruses. During the COVID-19, it was widely used for spraying disinfection on the surface of objects to reduce the risk of cross infection.

2. Disinfection of medical devices
Used for high-level disinfection of surgical instruments, endoscopes, dental tools, etc. Trichloroisocyanuric acid immersion solution (2% -5%) can penetrate the gaps of instruments, kill stubborn spores, and has low corrosiveness to materials such as stainless steel and plastic. Compared to traditional glutaraldehyde, its disinfection time is shortened to 30 minutes and there is no irritating odor, improving the safety of medical staff operations.

 

3. Drinking water and sewage treatment
In drinking water treatment, trichloroisocyanuric acid can kill intestinal pathogenic bacteria (such as Shigella and Salmonella) and parasites (such as Cryptosporidium), ensuring water quality safety. Its slow-release properties allow effective chlorine to be continuously released in water for 6-12 hours, which is superior to the instantaneous disinfection effect of chlorine gas or bleach powder. In sewage treatment, it can degrade organic pollutants, reduce algal growth, and prevent eutrophication of water bodies.

4. Disinfection of food and tableware
Allow for disinfection of food processing equipment, tableware, fruits and vegetables. Soaking in a solution with a concentration of 0.01% -0.05% for 5 minutes can remove 99% of foodborne pathogens (such as Listeria monocytogenes and Norovirus), and residual chlorine is easily volatile, meeting FDA and GB 14930.2-2012 food safety standards.

Water treatment: full scene coverage from swimming pools to industrial recycled water

 

1. Swimming pool water treatment
Trichloroisocyanuric acid is the preferred disinfectant for swimming pools. It continuously kills algae (such as green algae and blue-green algae) and bacteria by slow-release chlorine, preventing slippery pool walls and turbid pool water. Compared to liquid chlorine, it has no irritating odor and reduces the production of chloramines, reducing the risk of "red eye disease" for swimmers. The typical dosage is 1-3mg/L, which can maintain clear water quality for up to 7 days.

3. Landscape water maintenance
Algae control for park lakes and artificial fountains. A concentration of 0.5mg/L can inhibit algae reproduction, and combined with ultrasonic technology, it can achieve an algae removal rate of over 90% and reduce the use of chemical agents.

 

2. Industrial circulating water treatment
In cooling water systems in industries such as power, chemical, and metallurgy, trichloroisocyanuric acid can control the growth of microbial sludge, prevent equipment corrosion, and reduce heat exchange efficiency. When used in combination with corrosion inhibitors and scale inhibitors, trichloroisocyanuric acid powder can extend the service life of the system by more than 30%. For example, after being applied in a certain steel plant, the cleaning cycle of heat exchangers has been extended from 3 months to 9 months.

Bleach and Oxidation: Green Upgrade of Textile and Paper Industry

 

1. Textile fiber bleaching
Trichloroisocyanuric acid is suitable for bleaching cotton, linen, wool, and synthetic fibers. Its oxidation is mild, does not damage the fiber structure, and its bleaching efficiency is 1.5 times that of sodium hypochlorite. For example, in the denim washing process, a 0.5% concentration solution can achieve a "stone blue" effect while reducing wastewater COD (chemical oxygen demand) by 30%.

2. Deinking in the paper industry
Used for ink removal in waste paper recycling. Trichloroisocyanuric acid can oxidize and break the molecular chains of ink, combined with flotation technology, which can increase the de ink rate to 95% and increase the paper whiteness by 5-8 ISO points, meeting the production needs of high-end cultural paper.

3. Household cleaning and decontamination
As a multifunctional cleaning agent ingredient, it can remove bathroom mold, kitchen oil stains, and toilet urine stains. After being compounded with surfactants, its cleaning power is increased by 40%, and the phosphorus free formula meets environmental requirements.

Agricultural Applications: From Seed Disinfection to Safety Protection in Aquaculture

 

1. Seed disinfection treatment
Soaking seeds (such as rice and wheat) can kill surface pathogens (such as rice blast fungus and Fusarium graminearum) and increase germination rate by 10% -15%. For example, soaking rice seeds in a 0.1% solution for 24 hours can prevent seedling disease and reduce pesticide use.

2. Soil disinfection
Trichloroisocyanuric acid can kill soil borne disease pathogens such as Fusarium and nematodes in soils with continuous cropping obstacles. Combining solar disinfection can restore soil microbial communities to a healthy level and increase crop yields by 20% -30%.

3. Disinfection of aquaculture
Used for water disinfection in fish ponds and shrimp ponds, it can control pathogenic bacteria such as Vibrio and Edwardian bacteria, reduce the occurrence of fish gill rot disease and shrimp red body disease. The typical dosage is 0.2-0.5mg/L, used once every 15 days, without affecting the growth of aquaculture organisms.

Industrial Catalysis and Synthesis: The Green Engine of Chemical Industry

 

1. Organic synthesis raw materials
Trichloroisocyanuric acid powder can be used as a chlorinating agent to participate in the synthesis of compounds such as tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate ester (THEIC) and triallyl cyanurate (TAC). These products are widely used in the production of unsaturated polyester resins, crosslinking agents, and stabilizers.

2. Chlorination agent for rubber industry
Used for chlorination modification of natural rubber and synthetic rubber to enhance their oil resistance, aging resistance, and flame retardancy. For example, chlorinated rubber coatings are treated with trichloroisocyanuric acid to improve salt spray resistance to over 1000 hours, meeting the anti-corrosion requirements of marine engineering.

3. Modification of battery materials
Adding trace amounts of trichloroisocyanuric acid to the electrolyte of lithium-ion batteries can form a stable SEI film and improve battery cycle life. The experiment showed that after adding 0.5%, the capacity retention rate of the battery increased from 82% to 91% after 500 cycles at 1C rate.

Special Field Applications: Breakthrough Points for Innovative Technologies

 

1. 3D printing support materials
Composite with photosensitive resin to develop water-soluble support structures. Its dissolution rate can be controlled by adjusting the content of acetate groups, and it can completely dissolve in 40 ℃ water within 2 hours with a residual rate of less than 0.1%, meeting the requirements of high-precision printing.
2. Quantum computing materials
The cobalt complex bridged by trichloroisocyanuric acid exhibits slow magnetic relaxation behavior with a blocking temperature of up to 10K, providing a candidate material for quantum computing. By regulating the ligand structure, precise design of single-molecule magnetic properties can be achieved.
3. Environmentally friendly adsorbent materials
The modified trichloroisocyanuric acid microspheres have an adsorption capacity of 220mg/g for heavy metal ions (such as Pb ² ⁺, Cd ² ⁺), which is five times that of activated carbon. They can be reused more than 10 times and are suitable for advanced treatment of industrial wastewater.

The main synthesis methods of trichloroisocyanuric acid include chlorine gas method, liquid chlorination agent method, solvent method and deep chlorination method of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDC).

1. Chlorine method:

Step 1: synthesis of cyanuric acid from cyanuric acid (CA) the production of cyanuric acid mainly adopts the urea thermal cracking ammonia removal method. The reaction formula is:

Step 2: alkali dissolution

Step 3: chlorination

The process of this method is simple, but in the process of chlorinating CA to prepare TCCA, CA contains more by-products such as biuret, biuret, cyanuric amide and unreacted raw material urea, which react with chlorine to form NCl3, CA

It is easy to generate NCl3 in alkaline solution, TCCA products will decompose to generate NCl3 under heating or alkaline conditions, and the chlorination reaction is carried out in closed containers. As is known to all, NCl3 is easy to explode when it accumulates.

2. Liquid chlorinating agent method:

Cyanuric acid is prepared into a slurry and chlorinated at a certain pH with a prefabricated chlorinating agent (such as CL20, HOCl, na0cl, etc.). The reaction formula is:

Similarly, in order to avoid the generation of NCl3, on the one hand, the CA intermediate is refined to reduce the impurity content to less than 3%, and on the other hand, the process conditions are strictly controlled to control the pH between 3 and 4 and the chlorination temperature between 20 and 25 ℃. This method is a liquid-liquid phase reaction. When a certain amount of air is introduced into the inlet, the chlorination reactor is equipped with an exhaust system to discharge the generated trace NCl3 in time. The method is rapid and does not pollute the environment. The disadvantage is that hypochlorous acid is unstable, resulting in a decrease in product yield.

In addition, dry products without NCl3 can be prepared after Ca reacts with pre prepared CL20 below 200 ℃, without separation and drying.

3. Solvent method:

Inert solvents such as methane chloride, which are immiscible with water, have no reactivity and can dissolve TCCA, are used. This method has the advantages of continuity, automation, large scale and small pollution. It is also used in large-scale production in developed countries.

4. Deep chlorination of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDC):

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is one of the chloroisocyanuric acid series products. In the joint production of SDC and taac, cyanuric acid reacts with sodium hypochlorite solution at 20 ~ 25 ℃ to form SDC, and then it is deeply chlorinated to form TCCA. The reaction formula is:

Trichloroisocyanuric acid powder (TCCA) is one of the important varieties of chlorinated isocyanuric acid products. It is a new generation of high-efficiency bleaching agent, chlorinating agent and disinfectant. It has the characteristics of high sterilization and bleaching power, stable storage and transportation, safety of tablets, and long release time of effective chlorine in water.

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