Thiourea Powder CAS 62-56-6

Thiourea powder, CAS 62-56-6, molecular formula CH4N2S. It is an important organic sulfur compound. Usually white or light yellow crystalline powder, odorless, with a bitter taste. It is soluble in water and its solubility increases with increasing temperature. In addition, it can also be soluble in polar solvents such as ethanol and methanol, but not in non-polar solvents such as ether and benzene. This property allows thiourea to dissolve and react in different solvents. It can serve as a reducing or oxidizing agent in electrochemical reactions. Its redox potential can be measured and controlled, so thiourea can be used in electrochemical reactions and electrochemical sensors. It has good thermal stability and can be processed at higher temperatures without decomposition. However, in the presence of strong acids or bases, thiourea may undergo decomposition or hydrolysis reactions. It has a wide range of applications in many fields. For example, in the field of pesticides, thiourea can serve as an effective ingredient in herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides; In the field of medicine, thiourea can be used to synthesize certain drug intermediates or treat thyroid diseases; In the field of dyes and pigments, thiourea can be used to synthesize certain specific dyes and pigments; In the fields of photochemical reactions and electrochemical sensors, thiourea can be used as an important reactant or sensor material. It is formed by the reaction of hydrogen sulfide with lime slurry to produce calcium hydrosulfide, which then reacts with calcium cyanamide. It can also be obtained by reacting molten ammonium thiocyanate or cyanamide with hydrogen sulfide.

melting P 170 – 176 °C ( lit. ) , bP 263.89 °C ( estimate ) , Density 1.405 , RI 1.5300 ( estimate ) , Storage conditions Store below + 30 ° C. , Solubility water : soluble137g / L at20 ° C , Acidity coefficient ( pKa ) -1.0 ( at 25 °C ) , Crystals , Color White to almost white , Proportion 1.406 , Odor ( Odor ) Odorless , PH value 6 – 8 ( 50 g / l, H2O, 20 °C ) , Acid-base indicator discoloration ph value range 5 – 7 , Water solubility 13.6 g / 100 mL ( 20 oC ) , BRN 605327 , Stable.Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, metal salts, proteins, hydrocarbons.May react violently with acrolein. , InChIKeyUMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA.

Thiourea thiourea also has broad application prospects in petrochemical industry and pharmaceutical industry. There are structural fragments of Thiourea in many pharmaceutical molecules. For example, many oral hypoglycemic drugs and antithyroid drugs on the market now belong to thiourea molecules. Chiral thiourea catalysts for asymmetric synthesis have also become the focus of recent research. There are many methods for synthetic thiourea powder, and the following are specifically listed:

To a solution of tert-butylisothiocyanate (5.0 mL, 39 mmol) in dichloromethane (200 mL) were added isopropylamine (4.0 mL, 47 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) (6.8 mL, 39 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at rt for 2h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with 10 percent citric acid (2x), saturated NaHCO3 (2x), H20 (2x), and brine (1x). The organic layer was dried (MgS04) and evaporated to the crude product, which was purified by column to afford 1-tert-butyl-3-isopropyl-thiourea (3.3 g, 52 %).

To a solution of 8.5 g of 3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline in 150 ml of benzene was added a solution of 2.2 g of thiophosgene in 10 ml of benzene dropwise at room temperature under nitrogen. The resulting mixture was stirred at 60 oC for 3 hours and then cooled to room temperature. After filtered, the filtrate was concentrated to the oil, which was followed by a solution of t-pentylamine (3.4 g ) in 30 ml of benzene. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for another 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo and the resulting solid recrystallized from cyclohexane to give 2.2 g of the title compound as colorless needles 1-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenyl)-3-(2,2-dimethyl-propyl)-thiourea.

To a mixture of 1,1'-thiocarbonyldiimidazole (535 mg) and acetonitrile (7 ml) was added a solution of 3-(N,N-Dimethyl) aniline (272 mg) in acetonitrile (7 ml) dropwise over period of 15 minutes at 0℃ under nitrogen. After stirring for 2 hours at ambient temperature, 2-(aminomethyl) pyridine (433 mg) was added to the mixture. The reaction mixture was then heated to 60 oC for 4 hours. After cooling to room remperature, the reaction mixture was evaporated to the residue, which was purified by column (DCM / MeOH) to give 1-(3-Dimethylamino-phenyl)-3-pyridin-2- ylmethyl-thiourea (423 mg).

A mixture of n- Bu2NH and [4-(4-ethyl-phenylamino)-phenyl]-thiocarbamic acid O-phenyl ester (348) in ethanol was heated to reflux under N2 atmosphere for 16 h. After removal of the solvent, the residue was dissolved in DCM. The organic phase was washed with 1 N of sodium hydroxide (3 x 50 mL), 1 N of HCl aqueous solution and brine (5 X 50 mL). After dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and filtered, the filtrate was concentrated to give the crude product, which was purified by column to afford 1,1-dibutyl-3-[4-(4-ethyl-phenylamino)-phenyl]-thiourea

A mixture of 4-methyl-pyrimidin-2-ylamine (2.2 g, 20 mmol) and pyridin-2-yl-dithiocarbamic acid methyl ester (3.6 g, 20 mmol) in 100 mL of toluene was heated to reflux for 10 h. After removal of the solvent, the residue was recrystallized from methanol to afford 3.4 g of 1-(4-methyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-3-pyridin-2-yl-thiourea.

To 4.0 g of 1-(2,4-di-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-(4-nitro-benzyl)-urea was added 6.0 g of a lawson reagent dissolved in 50 mL of 1,4-dioxane at room temperature under N2 atmosphere. The resulting mixture was heated to reflux for 15 h before poured into 150 mL of water. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to the crude product, which was purified by a silica gel column to give 2.5 g of 1-(2,4-Di-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-(4-nitro-benzyl)-thiourea (60 %).

Thiourea powder is used as the raw material for the synthesis of sulfathiazole, methionine and other drugs, as the raw material for dyes, dyeing aids, resins and compression molding powder, as the vulcanization accelerator of rubber, the flotation agent of metal minerals, the catalyst for the preparation of phthalic anhydride and fumaric acid, and as the metal rust inhibitor. In terms of photographic materials, it can be used as developer and toner, and can also be used in electroplating industry. Thiourea is also used in diazo sensitive paper, synthetic resin coating, anion exchange resin, germination accelerator, bactericide and many other aspects. Thiourea is also used as fertilizer. It is used as raw materials for manufacturing drugs, dyes, resins, compression molding powders, vulcanization accelerators of rubber, flotation agents of metal minerals, etc.

Thiourea is an important organic sulfur compound with multiple uses. The main uses of thiourea are as follows:

1. Medical field

 

1.1 Treatment of thyroid diseases: Thiourea can be used as an anti thyroid drug to treat hyperthyroidism. It can inhibit the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones, thereby alleviating symptoms.
1.2 Synthetic Drug Intermediates: thiourea sigma can serve as an important drug intermediate for synthesizing certain compounds with specific pharmacological activities. For example, it can bind with amino acids or other active molecules to form compounds with new pharmacological effects.
1.3 Antibacterial and antiviral: Thiourea and its derivatives have certain antibacterial and antiviral activities and can be used to develop new antibacterial and antiviral drugs.

2. Pesticide field

 

2.1 Herbicides: Thiourea can be used as an effective ingredient in herbicides to control weeds in farmland, orchards, and lawns. It can interfere with the growth process of plants and cause weed death.
2.2 Insecticides: Thiourea can be used as an insecticide to control crop pests and household pests. It can act on the nervous system or metabolic processes of pests, leading to their death.
2.3 Fungicides: Thiourea and its derivatives can be used as fungicides to prevent and control plant diseases. It can damage the cell membrane of pathogens or inhibit their growth and reproduction, thereby protecting plants from disease invasion.

3. Dyes and pigments field

 

3.1 Synthetic dyes: Thiourea can be used to synthesize certain specific dyes, such as sulfide dyes and direct dyes. These dyes have good dyeing performance and fastness, and are widely used in industries such as textiles, leather, and cosmetics.

3.2 Pigment additive: Thiourea can be used as a pigment additive to adjust the color and performance of pigments. It can combine with pigment molecules to form a more stable color system, improving the light resistance, water resistance, and chemical resistance of pigments.

4. In the field of photochemical reactions

 

4.1 Photosensitizer: Thiourea can be used as a photosensitizer to initiate or accelerate chemical reactions in photochemical reactions. It can absorb light energy and convert it into chemical energy, thereby triggering the decomposition, synthesis, or transformation of compounds.
4.2 Light Stabilizer: Thiourea and its derivatives can be used as light stabilizers to protect polymer materials from aging and degradation caused by ultraviolet radiation. It can absorb ultraviolet energy and convert it into harmless heat energy, thereby extending the service life of the material.

5. In the field of electrochemical sensors

 

5.1 Electrode Material: Thiourea can be used as an electrode material for electrochemical sensors to detect and analyze chemical substances in the environment. It can undergo electrochemical reactions with the tested substance and generate current signals, thereby achieving quantitative detection of the tested substance.
5.2 Electrochemical Catalyst: Thiourea can be used as an electrochemical catalyst to accelerate the rate of electrochemical reactions and improve reaction efficiency. It can reduce the activation energy of the reaction and promote the electron transfer process, thereby achieving efficient electrochemical synthesis and analysis.

6. Other uses

 

6.1 Leather treatment: Thiourea can be used as a depilatory or preservative in the leather treatment process. It can remove hair from leather and prevent it from becoming moldy or spoiled.
6.2 Rubber Additives: Thiourea can be used as a rubber additive to improve the performance and quality of rubber products. It can improve the processing performance, mechanical properties, and aging resistance of rubber.
6.3 Oilfield Chemicals: Thiourea powder can be used as oilfield chemicals in oilfield development. It can be added to oil wells as a corrosion inhibitor, scale inhibitor, and wax inhibitor to protect oil well equipment and improve oil recovery efficiency.

Harm to human body

Hazards to the environment
This powder may cause certain pollution to the environment during production and use. If discharged directly into the environment without proper treatment, it may cause pollution to water bodies, soil, and air. It is prone to hydrolysis and produces hydrogen sulfide, which is a toxic gas that not only pollutes the atmospheric environment but may also pose a threat to human health. In addition, it may also cause toxicity to aquatic organisms and affect the balance of ecosystems.

Other side effects

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