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Lanthanum oxide powder is an inorganic compound with CAS 1312-81-8 and chemical formula La2O3. It usually appears as a white powder, insoluble in water, but soluble in acids and bases, forming the corresponding salt. Its particle size usually ranges from a few nanometers to a few hundred nanometers, and it has a high specific surface area. This appearance characteristic makes lanthanum oxide exhibit good performance in many applications. The density is approximately 5.0 g/cm3. This higher density indicates its high density and stability, which is beneficial in material preparation and processing. It is a semiconductor material whose conductivity is influenced by its crystal structure and stoichiometric ratio. Its resistivity decreases with increasing temperature and exhibits good conductivity. This electrical property makes lanthanum oxide widely used in fields such as electronic devices and optoelectronic devices. It has good biocompatibility and can be used in the biomedical field. For example, it can be used as a drug carrier and drug release material, as well as in areas such as biological imaging and tissue engineering. This biocompatibility makes it have broad application prospects in the field of biomedical engineering.
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Chemical Formula |
La2O3 |
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Exact Mass |
326 |
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Molecular Weight |
326 |
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m/z |
326 (100.0%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
La, 85.27; O, 14.73 |
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Melting point 2315 ° C, Boiling point 4200 ° C, Density 6.51 g/ml at 25 ° C (lit.), Flash point 4200 ° C, Storage conditions no restrictions, Morphology nanopowder, Color white to yellow, Specific gravity 6.51, PH value 9.0 (50g/l, H2O, 20 ℃) (slurry), Water solubility, Sensitivity hygroscopic, Merck 14,5363, Stable
Lanthanum oxide powder, as an important rare earth oxide, has demonstrated irreplaceable value in dozens of fields such as optical materials, electronics industry, new energy, environmental protection, and biomedicine due to its unique optical, electrical, catalytic, and thermal stability. The following systematically summarizes its application scenarios and technological breakthroughs from eight dimensions.
The key breakthrough of lanthanum oxide in solid-state batteries, hydrogen energy storage, and photovoltaics is driving the evolution of energy technology towards higher efficiency and safety.
Solid state lithium battery electrolyte
Nanoscale lanthanum oxide (particle size<50 nm) is doped as a functional filler into sulfide solid electrolytes (such as Li ∝ PS ₄), which can form fast lithium ion transport channels at grain boundaries, increasing the ion conductivity from 10 ⁻⁴ S/cm to 10 ⁻² S/cm, and reducing the electrode electrolyte interface impedance from 1000 Ω· cm ² to below 100 Ω· cm ². The solid-state battery produced by Toyota in 2025 adopts this technology, with an energy density of 400 Wh/kg and a charging time shortened to 10 minutes.
Hydrogen energy storage materials
Magnesium based alloys doped with lanthanum oxide (La ₀ ₅Mg₂. The hydrogen storage capacity of ₅ Ni can reach 3.8 wt% at 300 ℃, which is 50% higher than pure magnesium, and the hydrogen absorption and release kinetics are significantly improved, meeting the demand for rapid hydrogen charging and release in fuel cell vehicle refueling stations.
Perovskite solar cells
The electron transport layer of titanium dioxide (TiO ₂) modified with lanthanum oxide can increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite cells from 22% to 25%, while extending the device lifespan from 1000 hours to 5000 hours, promoting breakthroughs in photovoltaic technology towards low cost and high stability.
The strong alkalinity and oxygen vacancy characteristics of lanthanum oxide make it excellent in automotive exhaust purification, industrial catalysis, and organic synthesis.
Automobile exhaust three-way catalyst
The Pt Pd Rh catalyst doped with lanthanum oxide powder can increase the conversion efficiency of CO, HC, and NOx to over 99%, 98%, and 95%, respectively, while reducing the ignition temperature from 250 ℃ to 180 ℃, meeting the National VI emission standard. By 2025, the global demand for lanthanum oxide in the automotive catalyst market will reach 12000 tons, accounting for 40% of its total consumption.
Oxidative coupling of methane to produce ethylene
The La ₂ O ∝ - Na ₂ O bifunctional catalyst can achieve a methane conversion rate of 30% and ethylene selectivity of over 60% at 800 ℃, reducing energy consumption by 40% compared to traditional steam cracking processes, providing a low-carbon production path for the ethylene industry.
CO ₂ hydrogenation to produce methanol
The copper zinc aluminum (Cu Zn Al) catalyst modified with lanthanum oxide can achieve a single pass conversion rate of 35% for CO ₂ and a methanol selectivity of 90% at 250 ℃ and 5 MPa, providing key material support for carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology.
The adsorption performance and photocatalytic activity of lanthanum oxide make it play an important role in wastewater treatment, air purification, and soil remediation.
Photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds
The La ₂ O ∝/TiO ₂ composite catalyst achieves a degradation rate of over 99% for Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation, and its quantum efficiency is increased to 15%, which is 5 times higher than pure TiO ₂. It can be used for the deep treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater and pharmaceutical intermediate wastewater.
Air Pollution Control
The manganese based catalyst doped with lanthanum oxide (La-Mn-O) can increase the efficiency of NOx conversion to N ₂ to 95% at 200 ℃, while controlling the generation of N ₂ O by-products below 0.5%, meeting the ultra-low emission requirements of the steel and cement industries.
Synthetic Lanthanum oxide powder:
The extraction method for synthesizing lanthanum oxide is a process for separating lanthanum from rare earth nitrate solutions. By using appropriate extractants and subsequent processing steps, lanthanum is successfully separated from other rare earth elements.
Raw material preparation
The raw material of this method is a rare earth nitrate solution treated with cerium removal, which contains about 50% La2O3, trace amounts of CeO2, 6-7% Pr6O11, and 30% Nd2O3. To prepare the solution, it is necessary to react rare earth oxides with nitric acid to generate corresponding rare earth nitrates. The specific chemical reaction formula is as follows:
La2O3 + 6HNO3 → 2La(NO3)3 + 3H2O
CeO2 + 4HNO3 → Ce(NO3)4 + 2H2O
Pr6O11 + 22HNO3 → 6Pr(NO3)3 + 11H2O
Nd2O3 + 6HNO3 → 2Nd(NO3)3 + 3H2O
Solution preparation
Mix the obtained rare earth nitrates in a certain proportion to prepare Σ A rare earth nitrate solution of 320-330g/l Rxoy. The specific preparation method is to weigh various rare earth nitrates according to the required proportion, add them into deionized water, fully stir and dissolve them, then adjust the pH value to neutral, and finally fix the volume to the required volume.
Extraction separation
The neutral phosphine extractant dimethyl methylphosphonate (P350) and P350 kerosene system were used for extraction and separation. The principle of extraction separation is to utilize the difference in solubility of different rare earth elements in the extractant, and achieve the separation of lanthanum from other rare earth elements through multi-stage extraction. The specific extraction and separation steps are as follows:
(1) Mix the prepared rare earth nitrate solution with the P350 kerosene system, stir thoroughly, and allow the extractant to come into full contact with the solution.
(2) After a certain period of time, the lanthanum ions in the extractant will undergo a complexation reaction with P350, forming a complex that is soluble in kerosene, while other rare earth ions remain in the aqueous phase. The specific chemical reaction formula is as follows:
La(NO3)3 + 3C3H9O3P → La(C3H9O3P)3 + 3HNO3
Washing and reverse extraction
In order to remove other rare earth ions and impurity ions from the kerosene phase, it is necessary to wash and reverse extract the kerosene phase. The specific washing and reverse extraction steps are as follows:
(1) Wash the kerosene phase with deionized water to remove other rare earth ions and impurity ions from the aqueous phase.
(2) Use dilute nitric acid to reverse extract the washed kerosene phase, allowing lanthanum ions to transfer back into the aqueous phase, while other rare earth ions remain in the kerosene phase. The specific chemical reaction formula is as follows:
La(C3H9O3P)3 + 3HNO3 → La(NO3)3 + 3C3H9O3P
Ammonia neutralization and oxalic acid precipitation
The obtained lanthanum nitrate solution is subjected to ammonia neutralization treatment to raise the pH value to 8-9, and then ammonium oxalate is added for precipitation. The specific chemical reaction formula is as follows:
La(NO3)3 + NH4OH → La (OH) 3 ↓+ NH4NO3
La(OH)3 + H2C2O4 → LaC2O4 ↓+ 3H2O
Filtering and combustion
Filter the obtained lanthanum oxalate precipitate to remove impurity ions from the solution. Then, the filtered lanthanum oxalate precipitate is subjected to combustion treatment to obtain the final product of lanthanum oxide. The specific chemical reaction formula is as follows:
LaC2O4 → La2O3 + CO2 ↑+CO ↑
The above are the detailed steps and corresponding chemical reaction formulas of this method. Through this method, lanthanum can be successfully separated from other rare earth elements and high-purity lanthanum oxide products can be obtained.
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