The methods for preparing anhydrous InCl3 mainly include direct chlorination of metal indium, oxide decomposition and chlorination, direct heating and dehydration of hydrate, organic solvent method, and stepwise heating chlorination. Place the indium block in a beaker, add 36% hydrochloric acid, and heat. Indium reacts very quickly in concentrated hydrochloric acid, and the reaction formula is as follows:
2In+6HCl+8H 2 O= 2InCl3 · 4H 2 O+3H 2
The InCl3 solution was obtained by the reaction, and the InCl3 · 4H 2 O crystals were obtained by heating, evaporating, and dehydrating at the lowest level in a microwave oven. Put 29.3 g (about 0.1 mol) InCl3 · 4H 2 O and 100 mL cyclohexane in a 250 mL two-necked flask, install a moisture separator, a condenser tube, and a thermometer, and then heat it with an electric heating mantle. With the increase of heating temperature, reflux began, and the reflux liquid was white and turbid, and later clarified, and the solution in the water separator began to layer. With the increase of water output, the solution temperature gradually increased. When the amount of water that came out no longer increased, the heating was stopped, and a large amount of white powdery solid was precipitated at the bottom of the flask. After cooling to room temperature, it was filtered, and after vacuum drying for 2 h, the amount of white powdery solid was 20 g, and the volume of water in the water separator was about 6.8 mL. The entire dehydration process takes about 1.5 h.
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