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Ethacridine lactate monohydrate, chemical name [(E)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-2-[(2-methyl-2-propenyl) oxy] carbonyl] pyrimidin-4-yl] -[2-(2-thienyl) vinyl] amino 1-carboxylic acid 2-(diethylamino) ethyl ester, molecular formula C18H21N3O4, CAS 6402-23-9, appears as a white crystalline powder. This crystallinity is due to the close binding of molecules through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and other intermolecular forces, forming an ordered crystal structure. This crystal structure gives it high stability and low volatility in the solid state. Has good water solubility. Due to the presence of multiple polar groups in its molecule, such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, these groups can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, thereby promoting dissolution in water. Used in the fields of humans, pets, agriculture and animal husbandry to prevent and treat infections and diseases caused by parasites such as intestinal nematodes. As a compound with a wide range of applications, it has important application value in medicine, scientific research, industry, and other fields.
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Chemical Formula |
C18H21N3O4 |
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Exact Mass |
343 |
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Molecular Weight |
353 |
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m/z |
343 (100.0%), 344 (19.5%), 345 (1.8%), 344 |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 62.96; H, 6.16; N, 12.24; O, 18.64 |
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Lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate is a compound with lactic acid ethacridine as the core component, widely used in medical, industrial, and scientific research fields. The following provides a detailed explanation of its purpose from a professional perspective:
1. Disinfection of skin and mucous membranes
Lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate exerts bactericidal effects by inhibiting bacterial reproduction, especially against Gram positive bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus) and a few Gram negative bacteria.
Application Scenario:
Clean and treat burn, scald, and traumatic wounds to prevent infection and promote healing.
Local skin disinfection before surgery to reduce the risk of surgical site infection.
Adjuvant treatment for oral mucosal ulcers, gingivitis, and periodontitis, using wet compress or mouthwash.
Mechanism of action: Disrupts the structure of bacterial cell membranes, inhibits protein synthesis, and thus blocks bacterial proliferation.
2. Wound infection treatment
Suitable for superficial wound infections (such as boils, abscesses, purulent skin diseases) and exudative ulcerated wounds.
Treatment method:
Wet compress: Cover the wound with gauze soaked in medication, 2-3 times a day for 20-30 minutes each time, to remove purulent secretions and reduce inflammation.
Rinse: For larger wounds or cavity infections, rinse directly with solution to remove pathogens.
Clinical effect: Studies have shown that the use of lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate to treat infectious wounds can significantly shorten the healing time (average 3-5 days) and reduce the risk of scar formation.
3. Treatment of gynecological diseases
In the field of gynecology, lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate is commonly used for vaginal flushing to treat bacterial vaginitis, cervicitis and other diseases.
Mechanism of action: By inhibiting the growth of pathogens in the vagina (such as Gardnerella and Candida albicans), it improves the vaginal microbiota environment.
Usage: Dilute the solution (usually in a 1:10 ratio) and rinse the vagina once a day for 7-10 days.
Clinical data: A study involving 200 patients with bacterial vaginitis showed that the treatment group had a cure rate of 85%, significantly higher than the control group (60%).
4. Induced abortion in mid-term pregnancy
Intraamniotic injection of ethacridine lactate monohydrate is a commonly used method for induced labor in mid pregnancy (14-28 weeks).
Mechanism of action: The drug stimulates the contraction of the uterine muscle layer, promoting the expulsion of the placenta and fetus.
Operating standards: It should be carried out in qualified medical institutions, strictly following the principle of aseptic operation, and the injection dose is usually 100mg.
Clinical advantages: When used in combination with mifepristone, the success rate can reach over 95%, and the incidence of complications (such as uterine rupture and postpartum hemorrhage) is lower than traditional methods.
5. Adjuvant treatment for ophthalmic infections
Can be used to flush the conjunctival sac and treat eye infections such as conjunctivitis and blepharitis.
Usage: Use a cotton swab soaked in medication to wipe the conjunctival sac, or drip the solution 3-4 times a day.
Caution: Avoid direct contact of the solution with the cornea to prevent irritation.
1. Chemical Intermediate
Lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of chemical products such as dyes, pigments, inks, etc.
Reaction conditions: The reaction should be carried out under inert gas protection at low temperatures (-20 ℃ to room temperature) to avoid oxidative degradation.
Application case: Used for synthesizing indole dyes as a modifier for polymer materials to enhance their weather resistance and dyeing performance.
2. Biotechnology raw materials
In enzyme catalyzed reactions, lactate ethacridine monohydrate can act as a substrate or cofactor and participate in specific biosynthetic pathways.
Research progress: Some laboratories have attempted to use it to synthesize natural product analogues (such as vitamin K derivatives), but industrial production has not yet been achieved.
Technical challenge: Need to solve problems such as low reaction selectivity and difficult product separation.
3. Industrial disinfectant
High purity (≥ 99%) lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate can be used for disinfection treatment of industrial equipment and pipelines.
Advantages: Non corrosive to metal equipment and easy to clean residue.
Usage scenario: Disinfection of production equipment in the food processing and pharmaceutical industries.
1. Microbiological research
Lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate can be used as an antibacterial agent for studying the mechanism of bacterial resistance.
Experimental design: Screening resistant mutant strains by measuring the effects of different concentrations of drugs on bacterial growth curves.
Research significance: To provide theoretical basis for the development of new antibacterial drugs.
2. Cell Biology Research
In cell culture, lactate ethacridine monohydrate can be used to simulate oxidative stress environment and study the mechanism of cell apoptosis.
Experimental method: Add the drug to the culture medium and detect the cell apoptosis rate by flow cytometry.
Application case: Used to study the relationship between neuronal oxidative damage and Parkinson's disease.
3. Drug development reference standards
As an impurity reference substance, lactic acid ethacridine monohydrate is used to calibrate analytical instruments such as HPLC and GC, and evaluate drug quality control methods.
Suppliers: Shanghai Baishun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xinhongli Chemical, etc. provide high-purity (≥ 99%) products.
Quality standards: Must comply with the relevant requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) or the European Pharmacopoeia (EP).
Ethacridine lactate monohydrate is a compound widely used in the field of medicine, which has various pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, anti-infection and anti-inflammatory effects. We will describe in detail all the synthesis methods of product.
1. Taking anthracene as the synthetic method of raw material:
The earliest synthesis method of it is to use anthracene as the starting material, and obtain the target product through multi-step reactions. The following is the detailed flow of this method:
(1) Chlorination reaction:
React anthracene with ferric chloride and oxidize it under alkaline conditions to generate 2-amino-9-chloromethylanthracene.
(2) Nitration reaction:
Nitrate 2-amino-9-chloromethylanthracene with nitric acid under the catalysis of sulfuric acid to obtain 2-amino-9-nitromethylanthracene.
(3) Reduction reaction:
2-amino-9-nitromethylanthracene is reduced by sodium sulfite to generate 2-amino-9-aminomethylanthracene.
(4) Condensation reaction:
condense 2-amino-9-aminomethylanthracene and lactic acid under acidic conditions to obtain 2-(9-acetoxy-2-aminomethylanthracenyl)-lactic acid.
(5) Hydrolysis reaction:
React 2-(9-acetoxy-2-aminomethylanthracenyl)-lactic acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate under basic conditions such as hydrolysis to generate Ethacridine lactate.
(6) Crystallization and water removal:
Ethacridine lactate is heated and crystallized in the solution, and the water in the crystal is removed to obtain product. The overall yield of this method is about 15%.
2. Take 1,3-dichloroacetone as the synthetic method of raw material:
With the continuous development of science and technology, people are gradually looking for a more efficient synthesis method of product. A typical method uses 1,3-dichloroacetone as a raw material to obtain the target product through multi-step reactions. The following is the detailed flow of this method:
(1) Hydroxylation reaction:
React 1,3-dichloroacetone with phenol in ethanol/sodium hydroxide solution to obtain 3-hydroxy-2-pyruvate.
(2) Condensation reaction:
Condense 3-hydroxy-2-pyruvic acid and acetyl chloride under basic conditions to generate 3-(acetoxy)-2-hydroxypropionic acid.
(3) Aromatization reaction:
Aromatize 3-(acetoxy)-2-hydroxypropionic acid and bromobenzene in the presence of phosphorus pentoxide to obtain 3-(bromophenyl)-2-acetoxy Glycerin.
(4) Rearrangement reaction:
Rearrange 3-(bromophenyl)-2-acetoxypropionic acid and sodium bisulfite in ethanol solution to generate 3-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-propanone acid.
(5) Condensation reaction:
Condense 3-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-pyruvate and acetic acid chloride under alkaline conditions to generate Ethacridine lactate.
(6) Crystallization and water removal:
Ethacridine lactate is heated and crystallized in the solution, and the water in the crystal is removed to obtain product. The overall yield of this method is about 20%.
In a word, the above is the main synthesis method of product. Although the steps and operating conditions of these methods are different, they can all effectively prepare high-quality and pure Ethacridine lactate monohydrate, which provides a basic support for its wide application in the field of medicine.
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