Calcium Phosphate Powder CAS 7758-87-4

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Calcium phosphate powder, usually presented as white crystals or amorphous powder. Its chemical formula is Ca3O8P2, CAS 7758-87-4. This pure white color makes it widely used in various fields, such as as as an anti caking agent, acidity regulator, nutritional supplement, etc. Slightly soluble in water, which means that its solubility in water is relatively low at room temperature and pressure. However, its solubility in dilute hydrochloric acid and nitric acid allows it to quickly dissolve and participate in certain chemical reactions. In addition, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and ether, which helps to separate and purify calcium phosphate in organic solvents. Commonly used as an anti caking agent, acidity regulator, nutritional supplement (fortified calcium), fragrance enhancer, stabilizer, and water retention agent, it is used as an acid making agent in medicine. As an important fluorescent probe, it has shown wide applications in various fields such as biology, medicine, and chemistry. It can not only be used for labeling and monitoring live cells, detecting calcium ions, studying bone metabolism and other biological processes, but also for drug screening and evaluation, tumor cell research and other medical fields, as well as fluorescence detection, constant temperature amplification reaction fluorescence detection and other chemical fields.

Calcium phosphate powder, as an important fluorescent probe, has shown wide applications in various fields such as biology, medicine, and chemistry.

1. Applications in the field of biology

(1) Live cell labeling and monitoring

Calcein is mainly used to label and monitor the cellular function of living cells. Due to its particularly low toxicity, calcein does not have a significant toxic effect on living cells when stained, making it the preferred fluorescent probe for studying the behavior of living cells. Through the fluorescence characteristics of calcein, researchers can monitor the morphology, movement, division, and apoptosis of live cells in real-time, providing a powerful tool for the study of cell biology.

(2) Calcium ion detection

Calcein is a calcium dependent fluorescent molecule and is therefore widely used for the detection of calcium ions. Calcium ions, as important signaling molecules, participate in many physiological and pathological processes within cells. By monitoring the fluorescence changes of calcein, the concentration of intracellular calcium ions can be monitored in real-time, thereby revealing the mechanism of calcium ions in cellular function.

(3) Bone metabolism research

Calcein is used to study bone metabolism under in vivo conditions. It can stain the concave areas of bone tissue under in vitro conditions, helping researchers observe and analyze the morphology and structure of bone tissue. In addition, calcein can also be used to evaluate the bone metabolism status of diseases such as osteoporosis, providing important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

2. Applications in the medical field

(1) Drug screening and evaluation

Calcein has important applications in drug screening and evaluation. The fluorescence characteristics of calcein enable real-time monitoring of the effects of drugs on cell function, evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of drugs. In addition, calcein can also be used to study the interaction between drugs and intracellular calcium ions, revealing the mechanism of action of drugs.

(2) Tumor cell research

Calcein has potential application value in tumor cell research. Due to the abnormal calcium ion metabolism in tumor cells, calcein can be used to detect changes in the concentration of calcium ions within tumor cells, providing new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. In addition, calcein can also be used to study the interaction between tumor cells and the microenvironment, further revealing the mechanisms of tumor occurrence and development.

 

3. Applications in the field of chemistry

(1) Fluorescence detection

Calcein, as a fluorescent dye, has important application value in chemical detection. It can be used to detect various metal ions, anions, and organic molecules, with advantages such as high sensitivity, good selectivity, and simple operation. In addition, calcein can also be used to construct fluorescent sensors and probes, achieving efficient detection of target molecules in complex samples.

(2) Thermostatic amplification reaction fluorescence detection

Calcein has been widely used in fluorescence detection of isothermal amplification reactions. During the isothermal amplification reaction, a large amount of pyrophosphate ions will be generated. These pyrophosphate ions can bind to calcein, leading to the generation of fluorescence signals. By monitoring the changes in fluorescence signals in real-time, real-time monitoring and result analysis of the isothermal amplification reaction process can be achieved.

 

Calcium phosphate powder, as the main inorganic component of bone tissue, can form chemical bonds with living tissue and has excellent bone conductivity and osteoinductivity. Bones are hard tissue organs with life and are the most important component of the human body. With the development of science and technology and the increasingly serious aging of the population, various types of trauma are increasing rapidly, and the demand for bone tissue replacement materials is constantly increasing. Calcium phosphate materials are very similar to the inorganic components in human bones in terms of chemical composition and biological properties. Therefore, they are widely used in bone tissue engineering and clinical medicine, and are a hot research topic for researchers in various countries.

4. Biomedical materials

(1) Artificial bone

The physical and chemical structure of artificially synthesized calcium phosphate ceramic repair materials is similar to that of natural bone tissue. Its porous micro nano morphology and surface bioactive ions give it excellent bone conductivity and bone induction, and it has a wide range of application prospects in bone defect repair and treatment.

The commonly used artificial bone materials currently include calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate based artificial bone, bioactive glass, etc. Artificial bone mainly composed of calcium phosphate, combined with one or more other materials to improve the performance of artificial bone is currently a research hotspot.

(2) Bone cement

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC), also known as self setting calcium phosphate, can be freely plastic and self solidify under physiological conditions. Its hydration and solidification product is hydroxyapatite (HA), which has a similar composition to human bone minerals. It is a new type of hard tissue repair material and has been successfully used in clinical practice [8]. Calcium phosphate bone cement has good self fixation, easy formability, good biocompatibility, and bone conductivity, making it an excellent bone transplant material

(3) Treating fractures

The combination of external fixation bracket and local injection of calcium phosphate at the fracture end is a convenient and effective method for treating comminuted fractures of the distal radius. Not only is the fracture reduction satisfactory, but the fixation is indeed reliable, and early functional adjustment and training can be achieved.

It exists in apatite and bone ash. It can be produced by the action of Calcium phosphate powder and sodium phosphate (in the presence of excess ammonia) or by the action of hydrated lime and phosphoric acid. In a cyclone furnace, phosphate rock is added with an appropriate amount of additives and subjected to a defluorination reaction with water vapor under high-temperature melting conditions. The molten material is quenched and cooled by water, then dried and ground to obtain the product. Alternatively, phosphate ore powder can be mixed with a small amount of sodium carbonate (or sodium sulfate) and a small amount of wet process phosphoric acid, and calcined at 1350 ℃ in a rotary kiln or fluidized bed furnace (using petroleum or natural gas as a dye). After cooling the melt, it can be finely ground to obtain the desired product. Sudden cooling above 1180 ℃ forms an alpha formula, and slow cooling below 1180 ℃ forms a beta formula.

The main production methods include cyclone furnace melting defluorination method (hydrothermal method) and rotary kiln sintering defluorination method (acid thermal method).

Sintering method:

Ca10F2 (PO4) 6+14H3PO4+10H2O → 10Ca (H2PO4) 2+H2O+2HF ↑

Ca (H2PO4) 2+H2O → Ca (PO3) 2+3H2O

Ca10F2 (PO4) 6+4Ca (PO3) 2+H2O → 7Ca2P2O7+2HF ↑

Ca10F2 (PO4) 6+(2a2P2O7+H2O → 4Ca3 (PO4) 2+2HF ↑

In order to appropriately reduce the melting point of ingredients and promote the removal of fluoride from phosphate rock, phosphate rock powder is mixed with phosphoric acid, a small amount of silica, pure alkali, and mirabilite, mixed in a biaxial mixer, and then granulated before being sent to a rotary furnace (or fluidized bed furnace) for sintering. It is heated to above 1200 ℃ with natural gas or coal gas, and after 1 hour of sintering, fluoride in the phosphate rock escapes as HF and SiF4. After cooling, the burnt product is crushed to obtain feed grade defluorinated calcium phosphate product with P2O540% or more and fluoride content below 0.2%. 

Melting method:

Firstly, phosphate ore, dolomite, silica, etc. are measured according to the proportion of ingredients, crushed, and then ground into fine powder with a mesh size of 80 or more by a ball mill, and sent to a cyclone furnace for melting and defluorination. Material ratio control residual alkalinity<1 (i.e. CaO+MgO-3P2O5/SiO2)+Al2O3<1). Make the material slightly acidic. At high temperatures of 1350-1500 ℃, melt defluorination is carried out through water vapor flow. After quenching the molten body with water, the product is fixed in alpha tricalcium phosphate glass. After drying and ball milling, it is finely ground to obtain feed grade defluorinated calcium phosphate products. his 2CaSF (PO4) 3+H2O+SiO2 → 3Ca3 (PO4) 2+CaSiO3+2HF ↑

The finished product of defluorinated Calcium phosphate powder contains over 530% P2O5 and 0.2% fluorine.

Calcium phosphate powders are indispensable materials in medicine, dentistry, and environmental science. Their versatility stems from tunable physicochemical properties, enabling applications ranging from bone grafts to heavy metal adsorption. While challenges in phase control, mechanical strength, and scalability persist, innovations in 3D printing, nanotechnology, and green synthesis are paving the way for next-generation CaP-based solutions. As research advances, these materials will play an increasingly critical role in addressing global health and environmental challenges.

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