Ethyl 2-Phenylacetate CAS 101-97-3

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Ethyl 2-phenylacetate, colorless or nearly colorless transparent liquid, with strong and sweet honey aroma. It is insoluble in water and miscible with ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform. It is a synthetic perfume, which is used to prepare various flower flavored daily essences. It is used as solvent and spice auxiliary agent, as well as organic synthesis, pesticide and pharmaceutical intermediate.

[Purpose 1] It is used to prepare various flower flavored daily essences.

[Application 2] It is used as a solvent and perfume auxiliary agent, and also for organic synthesis.

[Use 3] A small amount of it is used in many types of fragrance, mainly in middle and low grade white roses, sandalwood roses, lily of the valley, sweet bean flowers, orange flowers, honey incense, clover and some fat wax fragrance types. It can be widely used in tobacco and food flavor, and is a good flavor for tobacco flavor. In honey flavor, cream, apricot, cherry, peach and other edible flavors, the dosage should be less.

[Purpose 4] GB 2760-96 is a temporarily permitted edible spice. It is mainly used to prepare honey, peach and tobacco flavors.

[Purpose 5] This product is a synthetic perfume, with remarkable and sweet rose fragrance. It is widely used in tobacco, soap and daily cosmetics, a small amount of it is used in white roses, and a small amount of it is used in the essence of orange blossom, sweet bean and honey fruit, which is suitable for Havana type herb essence. In the pharmaceutical industry, the product is used to produce barbiturate hypnotic Lumina, and also can be used as a solvent.

[Application 6] It is used as pesticide and pharmaceutical intermediate.

Test steps of ethyl phenylacetate:

In a 50ml round bottom flask, add 6g benzoic acid, 12ml absolute ethanol, 12 benzene and 2.5ml concentrated sulfuric acid. Shake well, add a few zeolites, and then install the water separator. Carefully add water from the upper end of the water separator to the branch pipe of the water separator, and then put 4.5ml away. The upper end of the water separator is connected with a reflux condenser pipe.

Heat the flask on the water bath for refluxing, and the refluxing speed should be slow at the beginning. As the refluxing proceeds, the upper, middle and lower layers of liquid appear in the water separator, and the middle layer becomes more and more about 2h later,

The middle liquid in the water separator has reached about 3.5~4ml, and the heating can be stopped. Drain the liquid in the middle and lower layers and record the volume. Continue to heat with water bath, so that excess ethanol and benzene are evaporated to the water separator.

Pour the residual liquid in the bottle into a beaker containing 45ml of cold water, and add sodium carbonate powder under stirring until there is no carbon dioxide gas (ph test paper detects that it is neutral). Separate the crude product with a separating funnel, extract with 15ml ether, combine the crude product and ether extract, and dry with anhydrous calcium chloride. The water layer is poured into a public recovery bottle to recover the unreacted benzoic acid. The dried ether solution is placed in a 25ml distillation flask. First, the ether is evaporated in a water bath, and then heated on the asbestos mesh. The 210~213 "C fraction is collected, and the yield is about 5g. The boiling point of pure ethyl benzoate is 213 ° C, and the refractive index is n2 ° 1.5001. This experiment takes 5~6h.

1) Avoid contact with strong oxidants. Colorless or nearly colorless transparent liquid with strong and sweet honey aroma. It is insoluble in water and miscible with ethanol, ether and other organic solvents. Avoid steam inhalation.

2) It exists in flue-cured tobacco leaves.

3) It naturally exists in honey, wheat bread and cocoa.

► Flavoring Agent in Confectionery

Approved by regulatory bodies such as the FDA and FEMA, ethyl 2-phenylacetate is used in small quantities to impart honey, peach, and cherry flavors. In candies and gummies, it adds a subtle sweetness, while in baked goods like cakes and cookies, it enhances fruity notes. FEMA guidelines specify maximum usage levels (e.g., 8.1 mg/kg in candy) to ensure safety.

► Beverage Formulations

The compound's solubility in ethanol makes it suitable for alcoholic beverages, where it contributes to the complexity of flavors in wines and spirits. Studies suggest it may develop during fermentation, particularly in red wines like Aglianico del Vulture, where it adds a "sweet-like" off-odor when present in excess. Winemakers carefully monitor its levels to balance aroma profiles.

► Dairy and Fruit-Flavored Products

In dairy applications, such as flavored yogurts and ice creams, ethyl 2-phenylacetate mimics natural fruit essences. Its low odor threshold (≈73 µg/L) ensures minimal usage is required, reducing costs while maintaining authenticity. For fruit-flavored beverages, it complements citrus and berry notes, enhancing overall palatability.

► Drug Synthesis

Ethyl 2-phenylacetate serves as an intermediate in synthesizing barbiturates, including phenobarbital (Luminal), a sedative-hypnotic drug. Its ester structure facilitates chemical reactions, enabling efficient production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The compound's purity (≥99%) is critical to avoid impurities in final drug formulations.

► Solvent in Pharmaceuticals

Due to its non-polar nature and low toxicity, ethyl 2-phenylacetate is used as a solvent in tablet coating and transdermal patch production. It dissolves hydrophobic APIs without compromising stability, making it preferable to volatile solvents like dichloromethane.

► Biotechnological Applications

Recent studies explore biotransformation methods to produce natural ethyl 2-phenylacetate using microorganisms like Hansenula anomala. This eco-friendly approach reduces reliance on chemical synthesis, aligning with green chemistry principles. Natural variants command premium prices in organic food and pharmaceutical markets.

► Paints and Coatings

Ethyl 2-phenylacetate's solubility in organic solvents and low evaporation rate make it an effective additive in paints and varnishes. It improves flow properties and reduces viscosity without affecting dry film quality. Its non-corrosive nature ensures compatibility with metal and wooden substrates.

► Adhesives and Sealants

In adhesive formulations, the compound acts as a plasticizer, enhancing flexibility and tack. It is particularly valued in pressure-sensitive adhesives for labels and tapes, where it maintains adhesion under varying temperatures.

► Cleaning Agents

The compound's ability to dissolve grease and oils has led to its use in industrial cleaners. It is a safer alternative to chlorinated solvents, reducing environmental and health risks. In electronic cleaning, its non-conductive properties prevent damage to sensitive components.

► Sustainable Production

Biocatalytic routes using engineered enzymes or microbial strains offer a greener alternative to traditional synthesis. Companies like ChemFaces are investing in biotransformation technologies to meet rising demand for natural ingredients.

► Advanced Fragrance Delivery

Microencapsulation techniques enable controlled release of ethyl 2-phenylacetate in perfumes and detergents, extending longevity and reducing waste. Nanotechnology-based delivery systems are also being explored for targeted aroma release.

► Medical and Therapeutic Uses

Preliminary studies suggest ethyl 2-phenylacetate may possess anti-inflammatory properties, opening doors to its use in topical creams and ointments. Further research is needed to validate these claims.

Ethyl 2-phenylacetate exemplifies the synergy between classical chemistry and modern innovation. Its role in perfumery and food science reflects centuries-old craftsmanship, while its applications in pharmaceuticals and green chemistry highlight cutting-edge research. As industries prioritize sustainability and safety, the compound's versatility ensures its relevance in evolving markets. Future directions may include bioengineered production pathways and novel applications in materials science, cementing its status as a timeless yet dynamic chemical.

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