Glyoxylic acid solution is the main component of formylformic. It is an organic substance with white crystals and an unpleasant smell. The color of the product is a colorless or light yellow transparent liquid. Water soluble, formylformic colour has a yellow; Insoluble in ether, ethanol, and benzene. Exposure to air for a short time will absorb water and form mud, which is corrosive. Flavors are used in the production of formylformic, cosmetic seasonings and flavoring agents, daily flavors, and food flavors. They are the raw materials of vanillin and are also used as intermediates in pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs, plastics, and pesticides. This product is toxic, corrosive, and can stimulate skin and mucous membrane. It exists in tobacco leaves and is packaged in glass bottles or transparent plastic barrels. It is stored and transported according to the regulations of toxic chemicals. Store in a cool, dry, and ventilated place and store and transport toxic chemicals according to the regulations. Storage temperature: 4 ℃. Operators should pay attention to wearing labor protection articles, and wash with plenty of water when touching the skin.
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C.F |
C21H26Cl2F3N3S |
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E.M |
479 |
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M.W |
480 |
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m/z |
479 (100.0%), 481 (63.9%), 480 (22.7%), 483 (10.2%), 482 (7.3%), 482 (7.3%), 481 (4.5%), 483 (2.9%), 481 (2.5%), 484 (2.3%), 483 (1.6%), 480 (1.1%), 482 (1.0%) |
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E.A |
C, 52.50; H, 5.46; Cl, 14.76; F, 11.86; N, 8.75; S, 6.67 |
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Melting point 225 °C, Density 1 g / cm3, Storage conditions 0-6 ° C, Water solubility 30 g / 100 ml ( 25 oC ), Sensitive Moisture-Sensitive, BRN 4056155, Oxidizing agent-contacting with combustible material may lead to a fire. Incompatibility with a strong base, strong oxidizing agent (Reacts readily reacts with many nitrogen-containing compounds to form explosive nitrogen triiodide. Moisture-sensitive.
warning word Danger, Hazard description H319-H400-H335-H272-H302-H314-H410, Hazardous mark O, Xn, N, E, Hazard category code 8-22-31-36 / 37-50 / 53-2, Safety instructions 8-26-41-60-61-45, Transport of dangerous goods No. UN 2465 5.1 / PG 2, WGK Germany 2, RTE.
Glyoxylic acid solution, as an organic compound with dual properties of aldehyde and carboxylic acid, is endowed with unique chemical activity by its aldehyde group (- CHO) and carboxyl group (- COOH) in its molecular structure. This seemingly simple molecule has demonstrated extensive application value in various fields such as medicine, food, cosmetics, bioscience, and industrial manufacturing, becoming an indispensable key raw material in the modern fine chemical industry chain.
It occupies a core position in the pharmaceutical industry, and its derivatives and intermediates are key raw materials for synthesizing various high value-added drugs. Taking antibiotic production as an example, p-hydroxyphenylglycine generated through esterification reaction is the core raw material for amoxicillin (amoxicillin) and cephalosporin antibiotics (such as cefoxil and ceftriaxone sodium). According to industry data, over 60% of the global annual consumption of amoxicillin relies on the supply of glyoxylate derivatives as raw materials. In addition, p-hydroxyphenylacetamide can also be synthesized for the manufacture of the classic drug atenolol, which is used to treat cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Its market share has remained at the forefront of the cardiovascular drug field for a long time.
In the field of wound repair, glyoxylate derived allantoin is widely used as a skin wound healing agent and high-end cosmetic additive. Allantoin can promote cell proliferation, accelerate wound healing, and has moisturizing and softening effects on keratin. It is the core ingredient of products such as burn ointment and scar repair ointment. In recent years, with the deepening of biomedical research, the potential of anti-tumor drug synthesis has gradually been explored, such as developing new targeted drug carriers by modifying their molecular structure.
In the food industry, it has become an important additive in industries such as seasonings, dairy products, canned goods, and beverages due to its unique sour taste and antibacterial properties. As an acidifier, it has moderate acidity and a refreshing taste, which can significantly enhance the flavor level of food. For example, adding it to dairy products can enhance the fermentation flavor of cheese; In canned food, it can effectively inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life.
More noteworthy is that its antibacterial properties make it an ideal choice for natural food preservatives. Research has shown that it has a significant inhibitory effect on common food spoilage bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and its antibacterial effect is superior to traditional chemical preservatives. In addition, it can also be used to produce nutritional enhancers and biological enzyme preparations, such as synthesizing prebiotics such as oligofructose through enzyme catalyzed reactions, to meet the demand of the health food market.
The application of acetic acid in the field of cosmetics can be regarded as a "versatile". As a fragrance enhancer and fixative, it is the core raw material for high-end spices such as vanillin and ethyl vanillin. Vanillin is widely used in perfume, skin care products and daily chemical products because of its unique vanilla fragrance. The global annual demand exceeds 20000 tons, of which vanillin derived from formylformic accounts for more than 40%.
In the field of skincare products, it has become the "secret weapon" of high-end skincare products due to its ability to regulate skin pH, resist bacteria, moisturize, and control oil. For example, in acne products, it can promote the metabolism of the stratum corneum, shrink pores, and inhibit the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes; In anti-aging products, it activates collagen synthesis, enhances skin elasticity, and reduces wrinkle formation. In addition, it can also be used in lipstick and lip gloss to enhance color fastness and make lip makeup more long-lasting and vibrant by forming chemical bonds with tannic acid.
In the field of life sciences, glyoxylic acid solution is an indispensable "molecular tool" in laboratories. Its most classic application is DNA/RNA extraction: when mixed with isopropanol/chloroform, it can form a nucleic acid precipitate, thereby efficiently separating and purifying nucleic acid samples. This method has become one of the standard procedures in molecular biology experiments due to its simple operation and low cost.
In addition, it also plays an important role in the fields of protein modification and crystallization. By covalently binding aldehyde groups to protein side chains, directed modification of proteins can be achieved, providing convenience for structural biology research. In sugar oxidation reactions, as a catalyst, it can efficiently catalyze the oxidation of sugar molecules, providing technical support for the development of biofuels and biomaterials.
Industrial Manufacturing: Cross border Applications from Electroplating to Polymer Synthesis
The industrial value goes far beyond the field of fine chemicals. In the metal electroplating industry, as an environmentally friendly reducing agent, it can replace toxic formaldehyde and achieve chemical copper plating on difficult to plate metals such as aluminum and titanium. For example, in semiconductor manufacturing, glyoxylate plating solution can form a uniform and dense copper coating on the surface of silicon wafers, meeting the requirements of high-precision circuits.
In the field of polymer materials, it is a key raw material for synthesizing hydrophilic polymers and crosslinking agents. For example, water-soluble polymer films can be prepared by reacting with polyvinyl alcohol, which are widely used in pharmaceutical packaging and agricultural mulching films; As a crosslinking agent, it can improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of materials such as rubber and plastic. In addition, it can also be used to produce chelating fertilizers, which can form stable complexes with metal ions to improve fertilizer utilization and reduce soil pollution.
Environmental Protection and Energy: The 'Green Engine' for the Transformation of Coal Chemical Industry
The application in the fields of environmental protection and energy reflects its potential as a "green chemical". Taking the coal to ethylene glycol industry chain as an example, acetic acid is an important extension direction of the by-product dimethyl oxalate. By using oxalic acid electrolytic reduction method, oxalic acid can be converted into high-purity glyoxylate with a profit margin of over 60%. This process not only solves the problem of utilizing by-products in coal chemical industry, but also provides low-cost raw materials for its production, promoting the industry's transformation towards green and sustainable direction.
In addition, potassium formate, a byproduct of glyoxylate, is widely used in fields such as oilfield drilling fluids, leather tanning, and dyeing decolorization. For example, potassium formate as a low-temperature drilling fluid additive can prevent wellbore collapse and improve drilling efficiency; In the leather industry, it can replace chromium salts to achieve chromium free tanning and reduce heavy metal pollution.
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Synthetic glyoxylic acid:
The detailed steps for synthesizing glyoxylate by oxalic acid electrolysis are as follows:
Oxalic acid electrolysis: Oxalic acid is added to an electrolytic cell and decomposed into hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas through the electrolysis process. The chemical equation for this step is: H2C2O4 → H2 + CO2.
Gas separation: Separate the hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas produced by electrolysis and collect pure hydrogen gas. This step can be achieved through gas separation devices, typically using molecular sieve adsorption or low-temperature liquefaction methods.
Hydrogen reduction: The collected pure hydrogen gas is introduced into the reactor, mixed with oxygen in the air, and undergoes a reduction reaction under the action of a catalyst to generate acetaldehyde. The chemical equation for this step is: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O.
Acetaldehyde oxidation: The generated acetaldehyde is introduced into an oxidizing agent (such as air or oxygen) and undergoes an oxidation reaction under the action of a catalyst to produce glyoxylate. The chemical equation for this step is: 2CH3CHO + O2 → 2CH3COOH.
Product separation and purification: Separate the generated glyoxylate from the reaction solution and purify it. This step usually involves methods such as distillation and extraction.
In addition to oxalic acid electrolysis, there are other methods for synthesizing glyoxylate, such as chemical oxidation and biological fermentation. Different methods have different advantages and disadvantages, and suitable methods can be selected according to actual needs. Among them, the chemical oxidation method usually uses formaldehyde or acetylene as raw materials to generate glyoxylate through oxidation reactions. The biological fermentation method utilizes microbial fermentation to produce acetaldehyde.
Overall, oxalic acid electrolysis is a commonly used method for synthesizing glyoxylate, with high yield and purity. However, this method requires a large amount of electricity and raw materials consumption, as well as generating certain amounts of wastewater and exhaust gas. Therefore, corresponding environmental protection measures and energy-saving technologies need to be taken to reduce production costs and environmental pollution.
The oxalic acid electrolysis method for synthesizing glyoxylate is an important organic chemical production method with broad application prospects and value. To ensure its sustainable development and efficiency, it is necessary to strengthen technological research and innovation, while taking corresponding environmental protection measures and energy-saving technologies to reduce production costs and environmental pollution.
The detailed steps for synthesizing Glyoxylic Acid Solution by glyoxal oxidation method are as follows:
1. Preparation of glyoxal:
Add formaldehyde solution to a reaction vessel and undergo condensation reaction under the action of an acidic catalyst to generate glyoxal. The chemical equation for this step is: 2HCHO → H2C2O2.
2. Oxidation of glyoxal:
The glyoxal is introduced into a reactor containing a catalyst and undergoes an oxidation reaction with air or oxygen to produce glyoxal acid. The chemical equation for this step is: H2C2O2 + O2 → H2C2O2 · H2O.
3. Product separation and purification:
Separate the generated glyoxylate from the reaction solution and purify it. This step usually involves methods such as distillation and extraction.
The glyoxal oxidation method is a commonly used method for synthesizing glyoxal acid, which has high yield and purity. However, this method requires a large amount of electricity and raw materials consumption, as well as generating certain amounts of wastewater and exhaust gas. Therefore, corresponding environmental protection measures and energy-saving technologies need to be taken to reduce production costs and environmental pollution.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is glyoxylic acid used for?
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It is a hair straightener widely used in styling cosmetics. It came as an excellent alternative to formaldehyde which causes severe damage to human health. Formylformic is not only safer but also more effective. It also works as an anti-static and softening agent. promote human absorption.
Is glyoxylic acid the same as formaldehyde?
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It is used in cosmetic products in replacement of formaldehyde to avoid skin irritation by this latter, however it can still evolve formaldehyde at elevated temperatures.
Is glyoxylic acid safe?
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According to ANSES, Formylformic can cause acute kidney failure following an independent review of the available scientific data on its toxicity.
What is glyoxylic acid for hair?
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Formylformic 50H is an organic acid with hair straightening, relaxing and conditioning effects. As the smallest aldehydic acid has the molecular size to penetrate through the cuticle layer of hair shaft and attach to the keratin.
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