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Hydroxyethyl urea powder, also known as β- Hydroxyethylurea, appears as a colorless or white crystalline solid, molecular formula C3H8N2O2, CAS 2078-71-9. This crystalline form gives it high stability and good processability in the solid state. Its appearance usually presents uniform and consistent particles or powders, making it easy to measure and use. It has good solubility and is soluble in water and various organic solvents. This solubility makes it easy to mix and react with other substances during chemical reactions and preparation processes. At the same time, it has high stability in aqueous solutions and is not easily decomposed or changed. It exhibits good chemical stability at room temperature and is not easily reactive with oxygen or other chemicals in the air. This gives it a longer shelf life and lower risk of spoilage during storage and use. However, under specific chemical environments or conditions, such as strong acidic or alkaline environments, its stability may be affected. Hydroxyl Z-urea is a moisturizing agent that can provide high moisturizing effects for skincare products without feeling sticky to the touch. Can reduce the amount of siloxane in the formula. Hydroxyethylurea can penetrate into the stratum corneum, enhance skin moisture content, relieve dryness, fill fine lines, enhance skin elasticity, and provide a pleasant user experience. Compatible with most cosmetic ingredients, the pH value has a wide range of applications.
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C.F |
C3H8N2O2 |
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E.M |
104 |
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M.W |
104 |
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m/z |
104 (100.0%), 105 (3.2%) |
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E.A |
C, 34.61; H, 7.75; N, 26.91; O, 30.74 |
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|
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Melting point 164-169 ° C (lit.), Boiling point 254.3 ± 32.0 ° C (predicted), Density 1.222 ± 0.06 g/cm3 (predicted), Sealed in dry, room temperature, Acidity coefficient (PKA) 13.35 ± 0.46 (predicted), Water solubility almost transparency, InChIKeyCLAHOZSYMRNIPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N, security information, Hazard category code 36/37/38, Safety instructions 26-36/37/39, WGK Germany 3, RTECS No. yt4907000.
Hydroxyethyl urea powder, also known as N - (2-hydroxyethyl) urea or β-Hydroxyethylurea, is a compound with multiple uses. Its extensive application fields cover multiple aspects such as medicine, cosmetics, agriculture, and industry.
1. Applications in the field of medicine
(1) Wound healing promoter: It has the ability to promote cell growth and accelerate wound healing, and is therefore widely used as a wound healing promoter in the pharmaceutical field. It can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of skin cells, promote the formation and repair of the stratum corneum, and thus accelerate the process of wound healing. This effect has a significant effect on treating skin injuries such as trauma, burns, and ulcers.
(2) Anti inflammatory drugs: They also have certain anti-inflammatory effects, which can alleviate inflammation and alleviate pain. Therefore, in the field of medicine, it is often used as one of the components of anti-inflammatory drugs to treat various inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, dermatitis, etc.
(3) Anti allergic drugs: They also have anti allergic effects and can inhibit the occurrence and development of allergic reactions. Therefore, in the field of medicine, it is also used as one of the components of anti allergic drugs for the treatment of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and allergic dermatitis.
(4) Other pharmaceutical applications: In addition to the above-mentioned applications, it is also used in the pharmaceutical field to prepare other drugs, such as diuretics, anti ulcer drugs, etc. Its unique chemical structure and physiological activity make these drugs more effective and have lower side effects.
Application in the field of cosmetics
(1) Moisturizing agent: It is an excellent moisturizing agent that can form a protective film on the surface of the skin, prevent water loss, and keep the skin moist. Therefore, in the cosmetics field, it is often used as one of the ingredients of various skin care products, such as face cream, lotion, essence, etc. By using skincare products containing its substances, it can effectively improve skin dryness, dehydration, and other issues, making the skin softer, smoother, and more elastic.
(2) Softening agent: It can also be used as a softening agent to improve the skin's touch and texture, making the skin more delicate and smooth. In cosmetics, it is often used in conjunction with other skin softeners to enhance product efficacy and comfort.
(3) Other cosmetic applications: In addition to the above-mentioned applications, it is also used in the cosmetics industry to prepare other products, such as shampoo, shower gel, etc. Its moisturizing and softening effects make these products have a better user experience and effect.
Applications in the field of agriculture
(1) Plant growth regulator: It has a certain regulatory effect on plant growth and can promote plant growth and development. In the field of agriculture, it is often used as one of the components of plant growth regulators to improve crop yield and quality.
(2) Pesticide carrier: It can also serve as a carrier for pesticides, helping them better adhere to plant surfaces and penetrate into plant bodies. This effect can improve the utilization and effectiveness of pesticides, reduce pesticide usage and environmental pollution.
Industrial applications
(1) Coatings and adhesives: With a certain degree of viscosity and stability, they can be used to prepare coatings and adhesives. Its addition can improve the adhesion and durability of coatings and adhesives, giving them better usability.
(2) Other industrial applications: In addition to the above-mentioned applications, hydroxyethyl urea powder is also used in the industrial field to prepare other products, such as textiles, paper, etc. Its unique chemical and physical properties give these products better performance and utility.
β - Hydroxyethylurea, as an important organic compound, is widely used in the fields of pharmaceutical intermediates, cosmetic moisturizers, and agricultural enhancers. The synthesis method needs to balance reaction efficiency, product purity, and industrial feasibility. The following provides a systematic analysis of its preparation techniques from three dimensions: classical synthesis methods, improved crystallization methods, and patented processes.
Classic synthesis method: direct condensation of ethanolamine and urea
Ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol) undergoes a condensation reaction with urea under heating conditions, producing β - hydroxyethyl urea and releasing ammonia gas. The reaction equation is as follows:
HOCH2 CH2 NH2 +CO(NH2 )2 →HOCH2 CH2 NHCONH2 +NH3↑
Feeding:
Add ethanolamine to the reaction kettle and slowly add urea (usually in a mass ratio of 1:1.2) while stirring.
01
Heating reaction:
Heat up to 110-115 ℃ and stir continuously for 4 hours. At this stage, it is necessary to control the heating rate to avoid overloading the absorption system due to rapid release of ammonia gas.
02
Exhaust gas treatment:
Absorb the generated ammonia gas with 85% formic acid solution to produce dilute ammonia water (recyclable for agriculture).
03
Cooling crystallization:
After the reaction is complete, it is naturally cooled to room temperature, and β - hydroxyethyl urea precipitates in the form of white crystals.
04
Filter drying:
Centrifuge the crystals, wash with a small amount of ethanol to pH 7-8, and vacuum dry to obtain the finished product.
05
Advantages:
Easy to obtain raw materials, simple process, suitable for small-scale production.
Limitations:
The crude product has a purity of about 90% and contains urea impurities, requiring recrystallization purification (melting point ≥ 90 ℃, content ≥ 99%).
Application scenario:
Commonly used for the synthesis of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone, an intermediate of furazolidone, due to the relatively small impact of urea impurities on subsequent reactions.
Improved crystallization method: One pot process enhances quality
Process innovation
In response to the problem of insufficient purity of products produced by classical methods, the process is improved through the "one pot" strategy to simplify the process. The specific steps are as follows:
Condensation reaction:
Following the classical method, urea and ethanolamine are reacted at 110-115 ℃ for 4 hours.
Cooling and impurity removal:
The reaction solution is cooled to 70-80 ℃, and a crystallization solvent (such as methanol) is added. Mechanical impurities are removed by insulation and hot filtration.
Low temperature crystallization:
Transfer to a crystallization kettle, slowly cool down to 5 ℃, and hold for 3 hours to allow the crystals to fully precipitate.
Washing and drying:
After centrifugation, wash with organic solvent until pH 7-8, and vacuum dry to obtain high-purity product (melting point 94-96 ℃, content ≥ 99%).
technical advantage
Purity improvement:
Through hot filtration and low-temperature crystallization, urea and mechanical impurities are effectively removed.
Process simplification:
Avoiding traditional recrystallization steps and shortening production cycles.
Stable quality:
The product meets the requirements of cosmetic grade raw materials and has no irritating odor or pH change after long-term storage.
Industrial Application
This process has achieved large-scale production. For example, a certain enterprise has adopted this method with an annual production capacity of 500 tons and a stable product purity of over 99.5%. It is widely used in the field of high-end moisturizers.
Patent process: formic acid absorption ammonia gas optimization reaction
Technical Background
In response to the low efficiency of ammonia absorption in classical methods, a patent (CN109369466A) proposes using 85% formic acid solution instead of water to absorb ammonia. The specific improvements are as follows:
Ammonia absorption:
During the reaction process, formic acid reacts with ammonia to produce ammonium formate, reducing the difficulty of tail gas treatment.
Crystallization optimization:
After the reaction is complete, cool down to 70-80 ℃, add crystallization solvent, heat filter and transfer to the crystallization kettle.
Low temperature crystallization:
Slowly cool down to 5 ℃, hold for 3 hours, centrifuge, wash with organic solvent to pH 7-8, and vacuum dry.
technical effect
Environmental Protection Enhancement:
Ammonium formate can be recycled for fertilizer production, reducing waste emissions.
Product purity:
By precise control of crystallization conditions, the product purity reaches 99.8% and the melting point is stable at 164-169 ℃.
Industrialization potential:
This process has been proven through pilot testing, with a 20% increase in single vessel production capacity, making it suitable for large-scale production.
The synthesis methods of hydroxyethyl urea powder have formed three major technical systems: classical method, improved crystallization method, and patented process. In the future, with the breakthrough of green chemistry and continuous production technology, its synthesis efficiency and environmental friendliness will be further improved, providing higher quality raw material support for the fields of medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture.
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