N-octanol is an organic compound with the molecular formula of C8H18O and CAS 111-87-5. It is a colorless transparent oily liquid with a strong smell of oil and citrus. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol, ether and chloroform. It is a saturated fatty alcohol and a T-channel inhibitor. The IC50 of natural T-current is 4 μ M. It is an attractive biofuel with diesel like characteristics. It is mainly used to prepare dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, octyl acrylate, dioctyl azelaic acid, dioctyl sebacate and other products; In addition, it can also be used as a soluble Chemicalbook agent, plasticizer, antifreeze, lubricant, extractant, dispersant, stabilizer, spice and other products for the fields of finished oil, plastics, coatings, printing and dyeing, food processing, cosmetics and so on.
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Chemical Formula |
C8H18O |
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Exact Mass |
130 |
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Molecular Weight |
130 |
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m/z |
130 (100.0%), 131 (8.7%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 73.78; H, 13.93; O, 12.29 |
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Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (CAS number 2304-30-5) is a quaternary ammonium organic phosphorus compound with the chemical formula (C4H9)4PCl. Its molecular structure consists of four n-butyl chains covalently connected to phosphorus atoms, forming positively charged phosphonium ions (P ⁺), which then combine with chloride ions (Cl ⁻) to form ionic compounds. This structure endows it with unique physical and chemical properties, such as strong ionicity, amphiphilicity (soluble in both water and organic solvents), and good thermal stability.
Catalytic field: The core role of phase transfer catalysts
One of its core uses is as a phase transfer catalyst (PTC), and its mechanism of action is based on the principle of ion exchange: phosphonium ions can combine with anions (such as OH ⁻, Cl ⁻) in the aqueous phase to form ion pairs and transfer to the organic phase, or vice versa, thereby breaking the phase boundary restrictions and promoting effective contact between reactants in the two phases. This characteristic makes it stand out in the following reactions:
1. Olefin hydrogenation reaction
In the process of olefin hydrogenation to produce alkanes, the activation energy of the reaction can be reduced, accelerating the addition of hydrogen and olefins. For example, in the hydrogenation of cyclohexene to cyclohexane using tetrabutylphosphine chloride as a catalyst, the reaction temperature can be reduced from the traditional method of 150 ℃ to 80 ℃, the reaction time can be shortened to 2 hours, and the product selectivity can be improved to over 99%. Its catalytic efficiency is superior to traditional catalysts such as palladium on carbon, and it can be reused, reducing production costs.
2. Halogenated hydrocarbon dehalogenation reaction
The dehalogenation of halogenated hydrocarbons (such as bromoalkanes and chloroaromatic hydrocarbons) is an important step in the synthesis of compounds such as alcohols and ethers. By stabilizing the intermediate carbocation, the energy barrier of the dehalogenation reaction can be reduced. For example, in the reaction of converting 1-bromopropane to n-propanol, its catalytic efficiency is increased by 5 times compared to the uncatalyzed system, the product purity reaches 99.2%, and the amount of by-products (such as olefins) generated is significantly reduced.
3. Esterification and Etherification Reactions
In esterification reactions, it can promote the dehydration condensation of carboxylic acids and alcohols. For example, in the synthesis of ethyl acetate, it can be used as a catalyst to complete the reaction at 80 ° C, which is 40 ° C lower than the traditional concentrated sulfuric acid catalytic system, and avoids the formation of by-products such as sulfate esters. In etherification reactions, it also enhances reaction selectivity by stabilizing intermediates, such as in the synthesis of methyl tert butyl ether (MTBE), where the purity of the product can reach 99.5%.
Materials synthesis field: modifiers for polymers and composite materials
In materials science, it is mainly used to modify polymer compounds or as a synthetic aid, which functions to regulate molecular structure, enhance material properties, and promote polymerization reactions.
1. Epoxy resin curing agent
Epoxy resin needs to be crosslinked with a curing agent to form a three-dimensional network structure for practical performance. It can be used as a latent curing agent to release chloride ions under heating or light conditions, triggering ring opening polymerization of epoxy groups. For example, in electronic packaging materials, the cured epoxy resin has a high glass transition temperature (Tg>180 ℃), low water absorption rate (<0.5%), and excellent electrical insulation, meeting the packaging requirements of semiconductor devices.
2. Ion exchange membrane materials
It can be compounded with polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride and polysulfone to prepare ion exchange membranes. Its phosphonium ions provide cation exchange sites, while chloride ions can be exchanged with other anions (such as SO ₄² ⁻, CO ∝ ² ⁻), thereby regulating the ion selectivity of the membrane. For example, in fuel cell proton exchange membranes, membrane materials doped with tetrabutylphosphine chloride can improve proton conductivity (>0.1 S/cm), while reducing methanol permeability (<10 ⁻⁶ cm ²/s) and extending battery life.
3. Synthesis of nanomaterials
In the preparation of nanoparticles, it can be used as a surfactant or template to control the morphology and size of particles. For example, in the synthesis of gold nanorods, they selectively adsorb onto specific crystal planes to induce directional growth of gold atoms, forming nanorods with adjustable aspect ratios (aspect ratios 2-10) for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection.
Ionic liquid development field: green solvents and electrolytes
Ionic liquids (ILs) are low melting point salts composed of organic cations and inorganic/organic anions, with low volatility, high thermal stability, and designability. It can be used as a precursor or raw material for synthesizing ionic liquids, and its applications include:
1. Green solvent
Tetrabutylphosphine chloride can be combined with hexafluorophosphate (such as PF ₆⁻) and bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt (such as NTf ₂⁻) to form hydrophobic ionic liquids, which can be used as a substitute for volatile organic solvents (VOCs). For example, in natural product extraction, the extraction efficiency of flavonoids by its ionic liquid is 30% higher than that of methanol, and it can be reused more than 5 times.
2. Electrolyte materials
In lithium-ion batteries, when combined with lithium salts (such as LiTFSI), electrolytes with high ionic conductivity (>10 ⁻ ³ S/cm) can be formed. For example, in solid-state batteries, as an additive, it can reduce interfacial impedance and improve battery cycling stability (cycling times>500, capacity retention rate>80%).
Industrial auxiliary agent field: optimization agent for special processes
In industrial production, it can also be used as an additive to optimize process conditions or improve product quality. Its applications include:
1. Metal surface treatment
In electroplating or chemical plating, it can be used as a brightener or leveling agent to improve the uniformity of the coating. For example, in the preparation of nickel coatings, it adsorbs onto defects on the metal surface, suppresses local over plating, and reduces the roughness (Ra) of the coating to below 0.1 μ m.
2. Textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries
In dye synthesis or printing and dyeing processes, it can be used as a dispersant or fixing agent. For example, in reactive dye printing and dyeing, it forms ion pairs with dye molecules to improve dye uptake (>95%) and color fastness (wash fastness level 4-5).
3. Petroleum extraction additives
In tertiary oil recovery, tetrabutylphosphine chloride can be used as a surfactant to reduce oil-water interfacial tension (<1 mN/m) and improve oil recovery efficiency. For example, in polymer flooding in Daqing Oilfield, its combination with polyacrylamide increases recovery by more than 8%.
What are the side effects of this compound?
N-Octanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula of C8H18O, which is mainly used in the production of solvents, plasticizers, antifreeze, essence and cosmetics. Regarding its side effects:
1. Potential harm to the human body
Skin contact
This compound has a certain degree of irritation, and if the skin is exposed for a long time or in large quantities, it may cause discomfort symptoms such as redness, itching, and stinging. In extreme cases, skin contact may also cause skin inflammation or allergic reactions.
Eye contact
If this substance accidentally splashes into the eyes, it may cause irritation and damage to the eyes, leading to symptoms such as redness, tears, and pain. In severe cases, it may also damage eye tissue and affect vision.
Inhalation
If appropriate protective measures are not taken during handling or use, its vapors may be inhaled. Long term or excessive inhalation of the substance may cause irritation and damage to the respiratory tract, leading to symptoms such as coughing and difficulty breathing. In extreme cases, it may also affect lung function.
Ingestion
This substance is not a food or pharmaceutical ingredient, therefore it should not be ingested into the body. If accidentally ingested, it may cause irritation and damage to the digestive tract, leading to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. In severe cases, it may also affect liver and kidney function, and even endanger life.
2.Potential harm to the environment
Pollution of waters
If the compound is discharged into water bodies, it may have toxic effects on aquatic organisms. It is not easily biodegradable and may accumulate in water, affecting water quality. Long term exposure to polluted water bodies may pose a threat to the survival of aquatic organisms.
Soil pollution
If this substance is discharged into the soil, it may have toxic effects on soil microorganisms. The substances in the soil may alter the soil structure and fertility, affecting plant growth. Long term exposure to contaminated soil may hinder plant growth or cause death.
Air pollution
If appropriate emission control measures are not taken during processing or use, harmful gases may be released into the atmosphere. These harmful gases may cause pollution to the atmospheric environment and affect air quality. Long term exposure to polluted atmospheric environments may pose health risks to humans and other organisms.
What are the sales channels for this compound?
1.Overview of Sales Channels
Chemical raw material market
The chemical raw material market is one of the main sales channels for this compound. Here, suppliers can directly transact with demanders, including chemical plants, plastic plants, paint plants, etc. Chemical raw material markets usually have fixed booths or exhibition halls where suppliers showcase and sell their products.
E-commerce platform
With the rise of e-commerce, more and more suppliers are choosing to sell their products on e-commerce platforms. These platforms typically provide functions such as product search, price comparison, and online payment, enabling consumers to conveniently and quickly purchase the materials they need. Suppliers on e-commerce platforms usually provide detailed product information, price information, and after-sales service guarantees.
Direct sales
Some N-Octanol suppliers choose to sell directly to downstream customers, such as chemical plants, paint factories, etc. This sales method usually requires negotiation and consultation with sales personnel to determine details such as sales quantity, price, delivery time, etc. Direct sales can save intermediate links and improve sales efficiency, but suppliers need to have strong market development and customer service capabilities.
Distributors/Agents
Distributors/agents are an important part of this sales channel. They are responsible for purchasing it from suppliers and selling it to downstream customers. Distributors/agents usually have rich market experience and customer resources, which can help suppliers better explore the market and expand their business. At the same time, they can also provide value-added services such as logistics distribution and after-sales service to improve customer satisfaction.
Import and export trade
For suppliers with export qualifications, import and export trade is also an important sales channel. They can export it to overseas markets to expand sales scale and market share. Import and export trade usually involves multiple stages such as customs declaration, inspection, and transportation, requiring suppliers to have strong international trade and risk control capabilities.
2.Characteristics of Sales Channels
Diversity
Its sales channels are diverse, including chemical raw material markets, e-commerce platforms, direct sales, distributors/agents, and import and export trade. This diversity allows suppliers to choose the most suitable sales channels based on their own situation and market demand.
speciality
It is a professional chemical raw material, and its sales channels usually have strong professionalism. Suppliers need to have rich chemical knowledge and industry experience in order to better understand market and customer needs, and provide products and services that meet customer requirements.
flexibility
Its sales channels have high flexibility. Suppliers can adjust their sales channels and strategies according to market demand and competitive situation to adapt to the constantly changing market environment. For example, selling on e-commerce platforms can attract more young consumers, while direct sales can save intermediate links and improve sales efficiency.
Internationality
With the acceleration of globalization, its sales channels also have international characteristics. Suppliers can sell it to overseas markets through import and export trade to expand their sales scale and market share. At the same time, they can also collaborate with international distributors/agents to jointly explore the international market.
faq
What is n-octanol?
In subject area: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology. 1-octanol is defined as an 8-carbon aliphatic alcohol that is valuable in the chemical industry, used as a transportation fuel additive and in the production of plasticizers, surfactants, and fatty amines.
What is octanol used for?
What is octanol used for? Although more human studies are needed, octanol may help with inflammation, pain, essential tremor, and cystic fibrosis. It may also help your body better absorb other cannabis compounds.
Why is n-octanol used in partition coefficients?
In other words, n-octanol mimics the structure and properties of cells and organisms. Since octanol-water partition coefficient quantifies how a substance distributes itself between lipid and water, it is extensively used to describe lipophilic (lipid liking) and hydrophilic properties of a particular substance.
Is n-octanol polar or nonpolar?
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