Oxonic acid potassium salt, also known as potassium oxonate or potassium oxonate monohydrate, is a chemical compound primarily used in medical and research applications. It belongs to a class of organic acids known as oxonic acids, which are derivatives of uric acid. The potassium salt form of oxonic acid offers enhanced solubility and bioavailability compared to its free acid form.
In medicine, potassium oxonate is most notably employed as a uricosuric agent, aiding in the management of hyperuricemia and gout. It works by inhibiting the reabsorption of uric acid in the renal tubules, thereby increasing its excretion through urine. This mechanism helps to lower blood uric acid levels, reducing the risk of uric acid crystallization and subsequent gout flares.
Additionally, potassium oxonate has found applications in research settings, particularly in biochemical studies involving uric acid metabolism and transport. Its ability to manipulate uric acid levels in experimental models makes it a valuable tool for understanding the pathophysiology of gout and related conditions.
The compound is generally well-tolerated, but as with any medication, potential side effects and interactions with other drugs should be carefully considered. Administration typically involves oral ingestion, and dosage adjustments may be necessary based on individual patient responses and underlying medical conditions.
In summary, it serves as an effective uricosuric agent in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout, while also contributing to advancements in biochemical research through its specific actions on uric acid metabolism.
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Chemical Formula |
C4H2KN3O4 |
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Exact Mass |
194.97 |
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Molecular Weight |
195.18 |
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m/z |
194.97 (100.0%), 196.97 (7.2%), 195.97 (4.3%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 24.62; H, 1.03; K, 20.03; N, 21.53; O, 32.79 |
Medical & Pharmaceutical Field
Uric Acid Inhibitor
Potassium Oxonate functions as a uric acid inhibitor by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is crucial for uric acid synthesis. By blocking this enzyme, Potassium Oxonate reduces the production of uric acid, thereby lowering uric acid levels in the body to within the normal range.
Treatment of Hyperuricemia and Gout
- Potassium Oxonate is effective in treating hyperuricemia and gout by reducing uric acid levels. This helps to alleviate symptoms such as joint pain, swelling, and redness associated with these conditions.
- Studies have shown that Potassium Oxonate can significantly decrease serum uric acid levels, making it a valuable treatment option for patients with hyperuricemia and gout.
Animal Modeling
- Potassium Oxonate is also used in animal modeling to induce hyperuricemia. This is useful for research purposes, allowing scientists to study the effects of hyperuricemia and potential treatments in a controlled environment.
- By administering Potassium Oxonate to animals, researchers can create a metabolic hyperuricemia model that mimics the conditions observed in humans with hyperuricemia.
Combination Therapy
- Potassium Oxonate may be used in combination with other drugs to enhance their efficacy. For example, it can be used with antitumor drugs to reduce their gastrointestinal toxicity without compromising their antitumor activity.
- This combination therapy approach allows for more targeted treatment, reducing side effects and improving patient outcomes.
Advantages
Significant Uric Acid Reduction
Potassium Oxonate has been shown to effectively reduce uric acid levels, making it a valuable treatment option for hyperuricemia and gout.
Good Tolerability and Safety
Compared to traditional uric acid-lowering drugs, Potassium Oxonate has fewer side effects and is generally well-tolerated by patients.
Oral Administration
Potassium Oxonate can be administered orally, making it a convenient and easy-to-use treatment option for patients.
Treatment of Low Potassium Levels
Oxonic acid potassium salt is primarily used to replenish potassium ions in the body, thereby helping to restore electrolyte balance. Potassium is a crucial electrolyte that plays a vital role in maintaining normal cellular function, including nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and heart rhythm.
Direct Potassium Replenishment
- For patients with mild to moderate hypokalemia, it can be administered orally to increase potassium levels in the blood.
- The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the severity of hypokalemia and the patient's overall health status.
Adjuvant Therapy
- In some cases, it may be used as an adjuvant therapy in combination with other medications to enhance the effectiveness of potassium replenishment.
- It can also be used to prevent or mitigate the adverse effects of certain medications that may cause potassium loss, such as diuretics.
Symptom Relief
- By restoring potassium levels, it can help alleviate symptoms associated with hypokalemia, such as muscle weakness, fatigue, and irregular heartbeats.
Dental Applications
Potassium Citrate serves as an adjuvant in enamel remineralization processes. It helps strengthen the tooth structure by facilitating the remineralization of enamel, which is crucial in preventing dental caries (cavities). By providing essential minerals, it supports the natural repair mechanisms of the teeth, enhancing their resistance to acid attacks from food and bacteria.
The remineralizing properties of Potassium Citrate contribute to the prevention of dental caries. By maintaining a healthy mineral balance in the tooth enamel, it reduces the risk of demineralization, which is a precursor to cavity formation. Additionally, its ability to promote saliva production can help neutralize acids in the mouth, further protecting teeth from decay.
Potassium Citrate exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial in reducing inflammation associated with dental procedures or conditions such as gingivitis. By scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, it helps in maintaining the health of gum tissues and supporting the healing process.
The use of Potassium Citrate in oral care products, such as toothpastes and mouthwashes, can contribute to overall oral health. Its ability to balance the oral pH and reduce acidity helps in creating an unfavorable environment for harmful bacteria, thereby reducing the risk of plaque build-up and associated dental problems.
Potassium Citrate may also play a supportive role in various dental treatments. For instance, it can be used as a buffering agent to adjust the pH of dental solutions, making them more compatible with oral tissues. Its use in endodontics, particularly in root canal treatments, may help in reducing inflammation and promoting healing within the tooth structure.
Agricultural Field
In agriculture, Potassium Oxonate serves as a high-quality potassium fertilizer. It can be quickly absorbed and utilized by plants, thereby enhancing crop yield and quality. Furthermore, it improves soil structure, promotes soil microbial activity, and enhances the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity.
Environmental Protection
Heavy Metal Chelation
Potassium Oxonate acts as a chelating agent for heavy metal ions, effectively removing harmful heavy metals such as lead and cadmium from water bodies, thereby safeguarding water resource security.
pH Regulation
It can regulate the pH value of water bodies, inhibiting excessive algae growth and improving water quality.
Wastewater Treatment
In wastewater treatment processes, Potassium Oxonate can be used in conjunction with other chemicals to improve treatment efficiency and reduce costs. Additionally, its good biodegradability and environmental friendliness make it a promising option in green environmental protection efforts.
Other Fields
- Used as binder for optical glass, chemical resistant coating and heat resistant coating.
- It is used for chemical corrosion-resistant coatings and heat-resistant coatings, and its hydrolysates can be used to produce phosphors.
- It is used to synthesize silicone intermediates, fire-resistant adhesives and precision casting, and as a crosslinking agent for RTV silicone rubber.
- Used in natural stone or other building materials, it can form silica sol similar inorganic substances (SiO2) to enhance the strength of the substrate. It can provide super hard scratch resistant coating for glass and plastic lens materials.
What are the side effects of Oxonic acid potassium salt?
Oxonic acid potassium salt, Potassium oxonate is an inhibitor of uricase and a component of the anti-cancer drug S-1. It is mainly used to suppress the toxic side effects of the anti-tumor drug Tegafur, such as the gastrointestinal toxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil, without losing its anti-tumor activity. In addition, potassium oxonate is also used to induce hyperuricemia because it can inhibit uric acid metabolism. However, there may be some side effects when using it, and the following is a summary of its possible side effects:
1. Gastrointestinal reactions
This compound may cause irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, leading to discomfort symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain. These reactions are usually related to direct stimulation of the gastrointestinal mucosa by drugs, or may be related to drug-induced gastrointestinal motility abnormalities.
2. Abnormal uric acid metabolism
As this compound is an inhibitor of uricase, it can inhibit the metabolism and excretion of uric acid, which may lead to an increase in blood uric acid levels. Long term elevated blood uric acid levels may lead to metabolic diseases such as hyperuricemia and gout.
3. Allergic reactions
Some patients may experience allergic reactions such as rash, itching, urticaria, etc. during use. These reactions may be related to the immune response induced by the drug in the body.
4. Other possible side effects
In addition to the common side effects mentioned above, this compound may also cause other discomfort symptoms such as headache, fatigue, fever, etc. These symptoms may be related to the stimulation or impact of medication on the nervous system.
5. Side effect risks for special populations
- Pregnant and lactating women: Due to its potential adverse effects on the fetus or infant, pregnant and lactating women should avoid using this medication.
- Patients with liver and kidney dysfunction: Patients with liver and kidney dysfunction may need to adjust the dosage or use with caution when using, as abnormal liver and kidney function may affect drug metabolism and excretion.
- Patients with hyperuricemia and gout: As this substance can inhibit uric acid metabolism, patients with hyperuricemia and gout should use this drug with caution to avoid worsening the condition.
6. Precautions
When using, patients should closely monitor their physical reactions and seek medical attention promptly if any discomfort occurs.
Patients should follow the guidance and advice of their doctors, use medication reasonably, and avoid unnecessary risks.
If you need to use it together with other drugs, please consult a doctor to understand the interactions and potential risks between drugs.
OXONIC ACID POTASSIUM SALT,Potassium oxonate, also known as potassium oxalate, is a chemical substance with multiple potential applications. The following is an analysis of its development prospects:
Expansion of application areas
Potassium oxonate, as an inhibitor of uricase, plays an important role in the pharmaceutical field. It can be used to induce animal models of hyperuricemia and provide important experimental tools for pharmaceutical research. In addition, with the deepening of research on uric acid metabolism related diseases, the application scope of potassium oxonate is expected to be further expanded. It can also be used in chemical synthesis and biochemical research as a reaction raw material or reagent, providing support for scientific research in related fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, the application of potassium oxonate in other fields is also being explored and developed, such as energy storage, battery technology, etc.
Market demand growth
With the rapid development of the global pharmaceutical industry, the demand for pharmaceutical research materials is also constantly increasing. Potassium oxonate, as one of the important pharmaceutical research raw materials, is expected to continue to grow in market demand. The production and use of potassium oxonate conform to the trends of environmental protection and sustainable development. With the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the market demand for potassium oxonate is expected to further increase.
Technological development trends
With the continuous advancement of production technology, the production process of potassium oxonate will be further optimized, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality, reducing costs, and meeting market demand. Researchers will continue to explore new application areas for potassium oxonate and continuously expand its market application scope. This will provide new impetus for the development of potassium oxonate.
Challenges and Opportunities
The production and use of potassium oxonate may face some technical challenges, such as improving purity and reducing waste generation. In addition, fierce market competition and price competition may put pressure on manufacturers' profit margins. With the rapid development of the global pharmaceutical industry and the strengthening of environmental and sustainable development trends, potassium oxonate is facing enormous market opportunities. Meanwhile, the constantly developing new application areas will also bring new growth points for the development of potassium oxonate.
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