Copper chromite is an inorganic compound in brown to black powder. Which is known for its stability in aqueous solutions. It can slightly soluble in water, and its solubility increases with temperature. However, it remains stable in water and is not easily oxidized, making it suitable for use in aqueous reactions and solutions, but easily soluble in alcohols and acidic solutions. Mainly used as hydrocarbon oxidation catalyst.
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Chemical Formula |
CrCuO3 |
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Exact Mass |
162.85 |
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Molecular Weight |
163.54 |
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m/z |
162.85 (100.0%), 164.85 (44.6%), 163.85 (11.3%), 160.86 (5.2%), 165.85 (5.1%), 164.85 (2.8%), 162.86 (2.3%), 166.85 (1.3%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
Cr, 31.79; Cu, 38.86; O, 29.35 |
The production of copper chromite, chemically known as CuCrO4, involves several methods, each with its own unique set of steps and conditions. Here, we delve into the various methods used to produce this compound.
One commonly used method is the solid-state reaction. In this process, mixtures of precursors such as basic copper carbonate and chromium trioxide are uniformly combined and then heated to temperatures around 700°C. This reaction leads to the formation, often along with other oxides like copper oxide or chromium oxide. The heating time, temperature, and the ratio of reactants significantly affect the catalytic efficiency.
Another method involves the use of liquid-phase reactions. In this approach, solutions of copper salts and chromium salts are mixed together. For instance, a solution of copper sulfate and a solution of potassium chromate can be slowly combined, resulting in a color change from yellow or green to blue, indicating the formation. The resulting precipitate is then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the desired compound.
Microemulsion synthesis is another modern technique for the production. In this method, a microemulsion is formed by mixing toluene, water, and an emulsifier. Solutions of copper sulfate and potassium chromate or ammonium chromate are then added to the microemulsion, leading to the formation of a gel-like precipitate. After the reaction is complete, the solvent is distilled off, and the residue is washed with ethanol, water, and acetone. Finally, the product is dried and calcined to obtain nano-sized product.
Additionally, there are other techniques such as the citrate complexation method. In this approach, solutions of copper nitrate and chromium nitrate are mixed with a citrate ligand. The resulting complex is then heated to decompose and form copper chromite.
It's worth noting that the choice of production method depends on factors such as the desired purity, particle size, and catalytic properties. Different methods may also vary in terms of their efficiency, cost, and environmental impact. Therefore, selecting the appropriate production method requires careful consideration based on the specific application and requirements.
In summary, the production involves various methods, including solid-state reactions, liquid-phase reactions, microemulsion synthesis, and citrate complexation. Each method has its own set of steps and conditions, leading to the synthesis with different properties and applications.
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Precautions For Product Use
When using copper chromite (CuCrO4), it is crucial to adhere to certain safety guidelines and best practices to ensure both personal safety and environmental protection. Here are some important considerations to keep in mind when handling this compound:
Handling Precautions
Protective Clothing
Always wear appropriate protective clothing, including gloves, safety goggles, and lab coats, when handling it. This compound can be harmful if it comes into contact with skin or eyes.
Respiratory Protection
Ensure that you are wearing a respirator or mask that filters out particles and fumes, as the dust can be inhaled and pose respiratory hazards.
Storage Conditions
Store in a cool, dry place, away from heat and direct sunlight. Keep it in a tightly sealed container to prevent dust from escaping and to minimize the risk of moisture absorption.
Chemical Compatibility
Avoid Mixing with Incompatible Chemicals: React with certain chemicals, leading to the release of harmful gases or the formation of explosive mixtures. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid mixing it with incompatible substances, especially acids or oxidizing agents.
Environmental Considerations
Disposal: Dispose of it waste according to local regulations and guidelines. Ensure that it is properly contained and does not contaminate the environment.
Spill Control: If a spill occurs, immediately contain the spill area, use appropriate absorbent materials to collect the spilled material, and dispose of it properly. Avoid allowing the spilled material to enter drains or water bodies.
Health Hazards
Skin Contact
Skin irritation or allergic reactions if it comes into direct contact. If skin contact occurs, wash the affected area immediately with soap and water and seek medical attention if necessary.
Eye Contact
Contact with the eyes can be particularly dangerous, leading to irritation, redness, or even blindness. In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water and seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion and Inhalation
Ingestion or inhalation can lead to serious health issues, including respiratory irritation, digestive tract discomfort, and other internal damage. If ingested, seek medical attention immediately. If inhaled, move to fresh air and seek medical assistance if symptoms persist.
It is also advisable to regularly consult safety data sheets (SDS) or material safety data sheets (MSDS) to stay updated on the latest safety information and recommendations.
The practical applications of Copper chromite as an oxidizing agent are, in fact, more commonly used as a highly efficient catalyst in a number of areas
Catalysts for organic chemical reactions:
It is capable of catalyzing reactions such as hydrodehydration, cyclization and alkylation of organic compounds.
In the preparation of organic compounds such as caprolactam, copper chromite also shows good catalytic performance.
Catalyst for environmental protection:
It can be used as a catalyst for the elimination of organic substances and carbon monoxide from engine exhaust gases, helping to reduce air pollution.
Solid propellant field:
It is used in the aerospace industry as an effective combustion rate catalyst in a variety of environmentally friendly solid propellants, where it can improve the combustion efficiency of the propellant.
Battery Industry:
It is also widely used in the battery industry due to its good conductive properties and acid and alkali resistance.
Other applications:
Copper chromite can also be used for exterior coloring, such as coatings and inks, to provide abrasion and explosion resistance and anti-aging properties.
In hydrogenation catalysis, copper chromite can also be used in reactions such as aldehyde reduction to alcohol.
In addition, although copper chromium black (i.e., a form of copper chromite, usually in the form of pigment) is usually not used directly as an oxidizing agent, it has excellent blackness, temperature resistance, weathering resistance, and chemical stability, and is therefore widely used as a colorant or pigment in a variety of high-grade coatings, high-temperature-resistant plastics, building materials, glass, ceramics, and other fields.
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