Lithium aluminum deuteride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula LiAlD ₄ (sometimes written as LiAl [D] ₄), which is the deuterated form of lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH ₄). Deuterium (D) is an isotope of hydrogen, which contains one proton and one neutron in its nucleus, while the nucleus of ordinary hydrogen only contains one proton. It usually appears as a white or grayish white powder and has hygroscopicity. As a strong reducing agent, it can reduce various organic functional groups, such as carbonyl (aldehyde, ketone), carboxylic acid, ester, nitrile, etc. Reacts violently with water or alcohol, producing hydrogen gas and corresponding lithium and aluminum compounds. Therefore, it needs to be stored and used in an inert atmosphere (such as nitrogen or argon), which can be used to reduce carbonyl compounds (such as aldehydes and ketones) to produce alcohols. In the synthesis of complex molecules, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to introduce deuterium atoms to prepare deuterated compounds for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or drug metabolism studies. In chemical and biochemical research, deuterated compounds are commonly used to track reaction mechanisms or metabolic pathways, and may also be used to prepare functional materials containing deuterium, such as deuterated polymers or deuterated semiconductor materials.
Additional information of chemical compound:
|
Chemical Formula |
AlD4Li |
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Exact Mass |
42.05 |
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Molecular Weight |
41.98 |
|
m/z |
42.05 (100.0%), 41.05 (8.2%) |
|
Elemental Analysis |
Al, 64.28; H, 19.19; Li, 16.53 |
|
Melting point |
125℃(lit.) |
|
Density |
0.736 |
|
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Lithium aluminum deuteride (LiAlD ₄), as an important inorganic compound, has a wide range of applications in scientific research, industrial production, and national defense and military industries. Its unique chemical properties and deuterium substitution characteristics make it an indispensable reagent and raw material in fields such as organic synthesis, isotope labeling, nuclear industry, and electronic materials. The following will elaborate on its main uses:
Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride is mainly used as a strong reducing agent in organic synthesis, which can reduce various functional compounds. Its reducing ability is similar to that of lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH ₄), but due to its deuterated nature, it has unique advantages in specific reactions. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can reduce carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols. For example, under an argon atmosphere at 0 ° C, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride is added to a round bottom flask containing tetrahydrofuran, and then 3-methoxybenzoyl chloride is slowly added dropwise. After the reaction, the target product (3-methoxyphenyl) methyl-d ₂ - ol can be obtained through treatment. In this reaction, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride not only acts as a reducing agent, but also introduces deuterium atoms to achieve isotopic labeling. It can also reduce functional groups such as carboxylic acids, esters, nitriles, etc. For example, in the synthesis of complex molecules, specific structures of intermediates can be prepared through selective reduction, providing convenience for subsequent reactions. Can be used to prepare deuterated organic compounds. In organic synthesis, the introduction of deuterium atoms can alter the physical and chemical properties of molecules, such as boiling point, melting point, metabolic stability, etc. Deuterated compounds have important applications in drug development, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) research, and other fields.
Isotope labeling and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies
Deuterated Lithium aluminum deuteride plays an important role in isotope labeling and NMR studies. Its deuterated properties make it an ideal reagent for preparing deuterated compounds. Isotope labeling is the process of replacing corresponding elements in compound molecules with isotopes. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be chemically synthesized by introducing deuterium atoms into target molecules to prepare deuterium labeled compounds. For example, in drug metabolism research, deuterium labeling can track the metabolic pathways and metabolites of drugs in vivo, providing important information for drug development. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used as a solvent or reagent in NMR experiments. In NMR analysis, deuterated solvents can reduce the interference of solvent peaks on sample signals, improve the resolution and sensitivity of spectra. In addition, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can also be used to prepare deuterated internal standards for quantitative NMR analysis. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can participate in isotope exchange reactions, introducing deuterium atoms into other molecules. For example, in organic synthesis, deuterated organic compounds can be prepared by reacting deuterated lithium aluminum hydride with hydrogen containing compounds. This reaction has important applications in the synthesis of deuterated drugs, deuterated pesticides, and other fields.
Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride has important applications in the nuclear industry and defense industry. Its deuterium substitution characteristics and chemical properties make it a key raw material for the preparation of nuclear materials and propellants. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare nuclear materials such as lithium tritium. Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that plays an important role in nuclear fusion reactions. Lithium tritium can be prepared by reacting deuterated lithium aluminum hydride with neutrons, providing raw materials for nuclear fusion research. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used as a raw material for propellants. In rocket engines, the performance of propellants directly affects the rocket's thrust and specific impulse. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride has high energy density and good combustion performance, which can be used to prepare high-performance propellants and improve the carrying capacity of rockets. In nuclear weapon research, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare key components for nuclear explosive devices. Its high energy density and chemical stability make it an indispensable raw material in nuclear weapons. However, the development and use of nuclear weapons are strictly restricted by the international community, and related research must comply with international law and ethical standards.
Electronic Materials and Semiconductor Industry
Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride has potential applications in the electronic materials and semiconductor industries. Its deuterium substitution characteristics and chemical properties make it an ideal raw material for preparing high-performance electronic materials. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used as a semiconductor doping source to regulate the electrical properties of semiconductor materials. In the semiconductor manufacturing process, doping can change the conductivity type and carrier concentration of the semiconductor, thereby preparing semiconductor devices with specific properties. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare optical coating materials. In optical devices, coating materials can improve the optical performance of the device, such as increasing transmittance and reducing reflection. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride has unique optical properties and can be used to prepare high-performance optical coating materials. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can also be used as a raw material for electronic packaging materials. In electronic devices, packaging materials can protect the device from external environmental influences, improving the reliability and stability of the device. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride has good chemical and thermal stability, and can be used to prepare high-performance electronic packaging materials.
Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride has important applications in pharmaceutical and biochemical research. Its deuterated characteristics and chemical properties make it a key reagent for the preparation of deuterated drugs and biomarkers. Deuterated drugs are prepared by replacing hydrogen atoms in drug molecules with deuterium atoms. Deuterated drugs have similar biological activity to the original drug, but may have higher metabolic stability and longer duration of efficacy. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare deuterated drug intermediates, providing raw materials for the development of deuterated drugs. In biochemical research, biomarkers can be used to track the metabolic pathways and interactions of biomolecules. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare deuterated biomarkers, such as deuterated amino acids, deuterated sugars, etc. These markers have important applications in fields such as proteomics and metabolomics. Deuterated drugs prepared from lithium aluminum hydride can be used for drug metabolism research. The metabolic pathways and metabolites of deuterated drugs in animals or humans can be detected and analyzed using techniques such as NMR and mass spectrometry. These studies can provide important information for drug development, such as the metabolic stability and duration of drug efficacy.
Materials Science and Catalysis Research
Deuterated Lithium aluminum deuteride has potential applications in materials science and catalytic research. Its unique chemical properties and deuterium substitution characteristics make it an ideal raw material for the preparation of new materials and catalysts. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare new functional materials, such as deuterated polymers, deuterated ceramics, etc. These materials have potential applications in fields such as energy, environment, and information. For example, deuterated polymers may have higher thermal and chemical stability and can be used to prepare high-performance battery separators, fuel cell membranes, etc. Deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used as a raw material or precursor for catalysts. In catalytic reactions, the performance of the catalyst directly affects the efficiency and selectivity of the reaction. By introducing deuterium atoms, the electronic structure and surface properties of the catalyst can be altered, thereby enhancing its catalytic activity. For example, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare deuterated metal catalysts for hydrogenation reactions, hydrogenation desulfurization reactions, etc. in organic synthesis. In the study of catalytic mechanisms, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride can be used to prepare deuterated reactants or catalysts. By tracking the transfer and reaction pathway of deuterium atoms, the mechanism and kinetic process of catalytic reactions can be revealed. These studies can provide theoretical basis for the design and optimization of catalysts.
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