Articaine hydrochloride powder is a local oral anesthetic especially useful in surgical procedures involving osteotomy and mucosal incision. The chemical name is 4-methyl-3-[[1-oxo-2-(propylamino)-propyl]amino]-2-thiophene carboxylic acid methyl ester hydrochloride.
it is an amide-type local injection anesthetic, which can block the nerve conduction along the nerve fibers at the injection site and play a local anesthetic effect. The effect of adding 1/100,000 epinephrine to the articaine solution is to constrict local blood vessels, delay the entry of anesthetics into the systemic circulation, maintain local tissue concentration, and at the same time obtain a surgical field with minimal bleeding. The local anesthetic effect occurs 2-3 minutes after administration and can last for about 60 minutes. During endodontic anesthesia, the time can be shortened by 2-3 times.
Local infiltration or nerve block anesthesia, intraoral submucosal injection. Before injection, please withdraw blood to check for accidental entry into the blood vessel, especially during nerve block anesthesia. The injection rate should not exceed 1ml/min. Adults: The appropriate dose must be injected based on surgical needs. The dosage is usually 1/2 to 1 or as directed by a doctor for general surgery. The maximum amount of which should not exceed 7 mg/kg body weight. Children over 4 years: Different doses must be used according to the child's age, weight, and type of surgery. The maximum quantity of which should not exceed 5 mg/kg body weight. The average dose of for children in mg can be calculated as follows: the child's weight (kg) x 1.33 for the elderly: use half of the adult dose.
1. It is necessary to carefully consider and understand the medical history to decide on the surgical method and concurrent treatment plan.
2. The dose of 5%-10% should be injected first to test whether there is an allergic reaction.
3. This product should be injected slowly, and it is strictly forbidden to inject into blood vessels. Before injection, a blood test must be done.
4. language communication with the patient should be maintained during the use of this product.
5. Those receiving anticoagulant therapy must be closely monitored (monitoring the international normalized ratio).
6. This product should be used with caution in patients with hypertension or diabetes;7. This product may cause local tissue necrosis;
8. Anesthesia occlusal risk: various occlusions (lip, cheek, mucous membrane, tongue), it is recommended that the patient not chew chewing gum or food until the feeling recovers; 9. Avoid injecting into infected and inflammatory sites (the effect of anesthesia is reduced);
10. Athletes should pay attention to the fact that the active ingredients of this drug can cause a positive urine test result in doping inspection;
11. Since the liver mainly metabolizes local amide anesthetics, the dose should be reduced in patients with severe hepatic insufficiency. The amount also needs to be reduced in hypoxia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis patients.
12. This product contains 1/100,000 epinephrine. The following conditions must be paid close attention to (1) Various types of arrhythmia except for bradycardia. (2) Coronary insufficiency. (3) severe arterial hypertension.
So far, experimental animal studies on two species of animals have been carried out, and no teratogenic effect of this product has been found in the research; during clinical use, no correlation between medication during pregnancy and teratogenicity has been found, and whether this product has teratogenic effects on humans. The result has not yet been concluded. For oral diseases, it is only used in pregnant women when necessary. Like other local anesthetics, only a tiny amount of articaine hydrochloride powder is excreted in breast milk so that breastfeeding can continue after anesthesia.