Eriodictyol(link:https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/api-researching-only/eriodictyol-powder-cas-552-58-9.html) is a flavonoid that belongs to the teakin flavonoids. Its molecular formula is C15H14O6, and its relative molecular mass is 290.27 g/mol. Eriodictyol's molecular structure diagram and its basic structural features:
The molecule of Eriodictyol consists of 15 carbon atoms, 14 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms. The overall structure can be divided into three parts: two linked benzene ring parts and one linked anthracycline part. Among them, the anthracycline part is composed of a five-carbon ring and a six-carbon ring. The molecular structure has several features, including benzene ring, anthracene ring, and phenonyl group.
Eriodictyol contains several important functional groups, the main functional groups include benzophenone group (C=O), hydroxyl group (OH) and methyl group (CH3). These groups give Eriodictyol its chemical properties and biological activity. Contains multiple chemical bonds, such as carbon-carbon single bonds, carbon-carbon double bonds, and carbon-oxygen bonds. The presence of these bonds determines the spatial configuration and chemical reaction properties of the Eriodictyol molecule. As a chiral compound, the enantiomers D- and L-Eriodictyol of Eriodictyol have different optical properties. This means they are able to rotate linearly polarized light in opposite directions.
The molecular structure of Eriodictyol makes it possible for a variety of chemical reactions. It can be prepared by enzymatic catalysis, synthetic chemical methods or natural extraction. Methods for the synthesis of Eriodictyols generally involve enzymatic or chemical reactions of appropriate starting materials to form the target compound.
Biological Activities: Eriodictyol has been extensively studied and shown to have a variety of biological activities. It is believed to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antipyretic, and antiallergic effects. These biological activities are closely related to the functional groups and chemical bonds in the molecular structure of Eriodictyol.
Pharmacological effects: Due to its diverse biological activities, Eriodictyol has shown potential benefits pharmacologically. Studies have shown that it may have protective effects on the cardiovascular system, nervous system and immune system. In addition, Eriodictyol has also been found to have modulatory effects on pathological processes such as tumors, diabetes and intestinal diseases.
Eriodictyol is a compound with multiple reactive sites, and its reactive properties are influenced by its molecular structure and functional groups.
1. Hydrolysis reaction:
The benzophenone group (C=O) and hydroxyl group (OH) of Eriodictyol are the most prone to hydrolysis. Eriodictyol can be broken down into benzophenone and multiple hydroxyl compounds by hydrolysis reaction. This hydrolysis reaction can be carried out in vivo as well as in the laboratory, and alkaline conditions are usually used to promote the reaction.
2. Oxidation reaction:
Eriodictyol contains multiple electrophilic sites, such as benzophenone and hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring. These electrophilic sites make Eriodictyol susceptible to oxidation reactions. Oxidation reactions can be initiated by oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, or other oxidizing agents. Oxidation reactions often lead to structural changes in Eriodictyol to form different oxidation products.
3. Reduction reaction:
The benzene ring and the hydroxyl group on the anthracene ring in Eriodictyol are the sites most prone to reduction reactions. The reduction reaction can be initiated by a reducing agent such as metallic sodium, sodium sulfite or hydrogen. The reduction reaction can lead to structural changes of Eriodictyol to form different reduction products.
4. Esterification reaction:
The hydroxyl group in Eriodictyol can react with acid anhydride or acid to undergo esterification reaction. This reaction usually requires the presence of a catalyst, such as acid catalysis or enzyme catalysis. Esterification can introduce different acyl groups into the molecule of Eriodictyol, thereby changing its properties and activities.
5. Condensation reaction:
The electrophilic sites on the benzene ring and anthracene ring in the Eriodictyol molecule can participate in the condensation reaction. These reactions include nucleophilic addition, coupling of alkenes and aromatic compounds, etc. Condensation reactions can form polycyclic compounds of Eriodictyol, thereby increasing its complexity and diversity.
6. Methylation reaction:
The hydroxyl group in Eriodictyol and the hydrogen atoms on the aromatic ring can participate in the methylation reaction. These reactions are generally carried out in the presence of a methyl donor and a catalyst. Methylation can alter the water solubility, bioavailability and drug metabolism of Eriodictyol.
7. Dehydration reaction:
The hydroxyl groups in Eriodictyol can undergo dehydration reactions to form double bonds or ring structures. Dehydration reactions are usually carried out under acid-catalyzed or thermal conditions. This reaction can change the molecular structure and properties of Eriodictyol.
8. Photochemical reaction:
Due to the existence of multiple conjugated systems in the Eriodictyol molecule, it has a strong response to light. When exposed to ultraviolet or visible light, Eriodictyol can undergo photochemical reactions, such as photosensitization, photooxidation, and photolysis. These photochemical reactions can lead to changes in molecular structure and produce different photodegradation products.
Eriodictyol is a natural product whose discovery dates back to the 19th century. The discovery of Eriodictyol dates back to 1829, when the German chemist Heinrich Hlasiwetz first isolated the substance from the citrus plant (Citrus). He named it Eriodictyol, from the Greek root Eriodictyon, meaning "split scale," to describe the substance's crystalline properties.
In the ensuing decades, Eriodictyol caught the attention of other scientists and attracted broader research. In 1860, French chemist Raphaël Dubois further studied the chemical properties of Eriodictyol and successfully synthesized its glycoside derivatives.
In the early 20th century, Eriodictyol began to attract the interest of pharmacologists. According to reports, in 1925, British biochemist J. McLaren Howard published a research paper on the antioxidant effect of Eriodictyol, which was the first record of Eriodictyol being widely concerned in the field of biology.
Since then, with the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of research methods, researchers have conducted a more in-depth exploration of the biological activity and potential applications of Eriodictyol. They found that Eriodictyol has various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, etc.
In recent years, with the improvement of purification technology and structural analysis methods, scientists have conducted more detailed research and characterization of the chemical structure of Eriodictyol. Using techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry, the researchers determined the molecular formula, molecular weight and three-dimensional structure of Eriodictyol.
In addition, with the development of natural product chemistry, researchers have also discovered resources rich in Eriodictyol in some plants. Eriodictyol has been found in plants of the genus Genistae, fruit, pollen, and others.
So far, Eriodictyol, as an important natural product, has aroused widespread interest in the fields of pharmacology, food industry and cosmetics. Researchers are further exploring the potential of Eriodictyol and working hard to discover and develop more applications.