10-HDA(link:https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/api-researching-only/10-hda-cas-14113-05-4.html), also known as 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, is a naturally occurring polyunsaturated fatty acid with the chemical formula C10H18O2. It is an organic compound with double bonds and hydroxyl functional groups, which has some special chemical properties and biological activities. The main source is glycerides in breast milk, especially palmitic glycerides. Therefore, it is also widely used in baby milk powder and other dairy additives to provide the nutrients needed by babies. In addition, 10-HDA is also present in some seafood, such as cod, shark and salmon. In terms of application, 10-HDA is widely used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. In the field of food, 10-HDA is used to produce foods such as margarine, shortening and cakes, which can improve the antioxidant and storage resistance of foods. In the pharmaceutical field, 10-HDA can be used to produce pharmaceutical intermediates and synthesize other biologically active compounds. In the field of cosmetics, 10-HDA can be used to produce cosmetic additives such as moisturizers and antioxidants.
10-HDA structure:
10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid whose molecular structure contains a double bond and a carboxyl group. The following is a detailed analysis of its molecular structure:
Carbon Atoms: The molecule of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid contains 10 carbon atoms, which are linked together by single and double bonds to form a typical skeleton of a fatty acid. Wherein, the carboxyl group contains one carbon atom and the double bond contains two carbon atoms.
Double Bond: One double bond in the molecule of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid is its main unsaturated bond. This double bond is located between the tenth carbon atom and the second carbon atom of the fatty acid backbone, which allows the fatty acid to have cis and trans isomers. In the natural state, 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid mainly adopts the trans configuration.
Carboxyl: The carboxyl group in the molecule of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid is located on the tenth carbon atom, which contains one oxygen atom and two carbon atoms. Carboxyl groups can combine with hydrogen ions to form negatively charged carboxyl ions, which makes the fatty acid somewhat acidic.
Substituents: There are no other substituents in the molecule of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid.
Through the analysis of the above molecular structure, we can better understand the chemical properties and biological activities of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid. For example, the trans double bond of the fatty acid can form a relatively stable conjugated system with the carbon atoms on both sides, which helps to improve the antioxidant performance of the fatty acid. In addition, the acidity of the carboxyl group also makes this fatty acid play an important role in certain biochemical processes.
10-HDA properties:
1. Esterification reaction: The carboxyl group of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid can react with alcohols or phenols to form ester compounds. This reaction usually requires the participation of catalysts such as acid catalysts or alcohol dehydrogenases. Esterification can increase the water solubility and stability of compounds, and can also be used to prepare derivatives for specific needs.
First, the carboxyl group of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid dissociates into carboxyl ions under acidic conditions (1).
Then, the alcohol or phenol (R-OH) dissociates into the anion of alcohol or phenol under acidic conditions (2).
Next, the carboxyl ion combines with the anion of alcohol or phenol to generate ester (3).
Finally, a proton (H+) is released to complete the esterification reaction.
The corresponding chemical equation is:
C10H18O3 + R-OH → ester + H+
Here, 10-Hydro-2-decenoic acid represents the carboxyl group of 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, and R-OH represents alcohol or phenol.
2. Amidation reaction: The carboxyl group of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid can react with ammonia to form amides. Amidation reactions can be used to prepare antibacterial drugs and other biologically active compounds for the treatment of infections.
First, the carboxyl group of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid reacts with ammonia under the participation of catalysts such as acid catalyst or alcohol dehydrogenase to generate amide compounds.
The corresponding chemical equation is:
RCONHNH2 + C10H18O3 → RCONHNH10-Hydro-2-Decenoate + H2O
Among them, R represents an organic amine group, NHNH2 represents ammonia, and 10-Hydro-2-Decenoate represents a product in which the carboxyl group of 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid is replaced by an amide group.
3. Oxidation reaction: The unsaturated double bond of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid can react with oxygen to generate peroxide. This reaction usually requires the participation of catalysts such as metal catalysts or oxidants. Oxidation reactions can be used to prepare biologically active compounds such as vitamin D.
First, the unsaturated double bond of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid is oxidized under the action of a suitable oxidant to generate the corresponding alcohol or aldehyde.
The corresponding chemical equation is:
C10H18O3 + oxidizing agent → product
Among them, the product depends on the choice of oxidant and the reaction conditions. In some cases, a catalyst or promoter may also be required to facilitate the reaction.
4. Sulfonation reaction: The carboxyl group of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid can react with sulfuric acid or other sulfonic acids to form sulfonate compounds. The sulfonation reaction can increase the water solubility and stability of the compound, and can also be used to prepare derivatives for specific needs.
First, we need to know the structural formula of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid:
Its sulfonation reaction is to introduce a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) onto the double bonded carbon.
The specific sulfonation reaction process is relatively complicated, involving intermediate products such as sulfonyl chloride and sulfonic anhydride.
The chemical equation for the sulfonation reaction is:
n C10H18O3 + SO3 → n 10-Hydro-2-Decenylsulfonate + (n-1) H2O
Among them, n represents the degree of sulfonation, that is, the number of sulfonic acid groups.
C10H18O3 represents sulfonated 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid, that is, a product in which a sulfonic acid group is introduced onto a double-bonded carbon.
5. Bromination reaction: The double bond of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid can react with hydrogen bromide to generate brominated fatty acid. Bromination reactions can be used to prepare brominated derivatives with specific functions.
The detailed process of the bromination reaction of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid and its corresponding chemical equation are as follows:
First, the double bond of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid combines with bromine atom under the action of hydrogen bromide and catalyst to generate brominated fatty acid.
The corresponding chemical equation is:
HBr + C10H18O3 → Br2 + 10-Hydro-2-Decenoate
Among them, Br represents a bromine atom, and 10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoate represents a product in which the carboxyl group of 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid is replaced by bromination.
6. Hydrogenation reaction: The unsaturated double bond of 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid can react with the catalyst in the presence of hydrogen to generate saturated fatty acid. The hydrogenation reaction can be used for the preparation of stable derivatives or for industrial production. 10-HDA is an unsaturated fatty acid that contains double bonds. The hydrogenation reaction is the hydrogenation reduction of double bonds to the corresponding alkanes.
First, 10-Hydro-2-Decenoic Acid reacts with hydrogen under the action of a catalyst, and the double bond absorbs hydrogen atoms to generate corresponding alkanes. In this reaction process, it is necessary to provide suitable reaction conditions, such as high temperature, high pressure, catalyst, etc.
The corresponding chemical equation is:
H2 + C10H18O3 → 10-Hydrodecane + HOOH
Among them, H2 represents hydrogen, C10H18O3 represents 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, 10-Hydrodecane represents the product after hydrogenation, and HOOH represents hydrogen peroxide.
During the reaction, hydrogen peroxide is a by-product due to the double bond produced during hydrogenation. Peroxides have certain oxidizing properties and may have certain effects on the reaction. Therefore, in the actual hydrogenation reaction process, it is necessary to control the reaction conditions to reduce the generation of peroxides and improve the efficiency of the hydrogenation reaction.