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Bismuth subcarbonate tablets are a pharmaceutical formulation primarily composed of dibismuth subnitras (chemical formula (BiO) 2CO3) as the active ingredient. Its appearance is usually white or light yellow tablets, chemically stable, insoluble in water, but it can slowly release dibismuth ions (Bi ³ ⁺) in gastric acid environment, thus exerting pharmacological effects. As an important member of dibismuth compounds, dibismuth carbonate is widely used in the fields of medicine, industry, and materials science. It is a classic pharmaceutical formulation with dibismuth carbonate (BiO) 2CO3 as the core component, widely used in the treatment of digestive system diseases.
Preparation process
The preparation usually adopts direct compression method or wet granulation method. The core steps include:
Raw material mixing:
Mix dibismuth carbonate powder with auxiliary materials (such as starch, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose) in proportion to ensure uniform content.
Granulation and drying:
Improve powder flowability through wet granulation technology, followed by drying to remove moisture.
Tablet pressing and coating:
The particles are compressed into tablets and coated with sugar coating or film coating as needed to mask odors or control drug release.
Additional information of chemical compound:
| Product Name | Bismuth Subcarbonate Powder | Bismuth Subcarbonate Tablets |
| Product Type | Powder | Tablets |
| Product Purity | ≥99% | ≥99% |
| Product Specifications | Customizable | Customizable |
| Product Package | Customizable | Customizable |
Our product form
bismuth subcarbonate +. COA
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Certificate of Analysis |
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Compound name |
Bismuth subcarbonate | |
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CAS No. |
5892-10-4 | |
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Grade |
Pharmaceutical grade | |
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Quantity |
Customized | |
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Packaging standard |
Customized | |
| Manufacturer | Shaanxi BLOOM TECH Co., Ltd | |
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Lot No. |
20250109001 |
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MFG |
Jan 12th 2025 |
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EXP |
Jan 8th 2029 |
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Structure |
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| TEST STANDARD | GB/T24768-2009 Industry. Stnndard | |
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Item |
Enterprise standard |
Analysis result |
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Appearance |
White or almost white powder |
Conformed |
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Water content |
≤4.5% |
0.30% |
| Loss on drying |
≤1.0% |
0.15% |
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Heavy Metals |
Pb≤0.5ppm |
N.D. |
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As≤0.5ppm |
N.D. | |
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Hg≤0.5ppm |
N.D. | |
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Cd≤0.5ppm |
N.D. | |
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Purity (HPLC) |
≥99.0% |
99.5% |
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Single impurity |
<0.8% |
0.48% |
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Residue on ignition |
<0.20% |
0.064% |
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Total microbial count |
≤750cfu/g |
80 |
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E. Coli |
≤2MPN/g |
N.D. |
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Salmonella |
N.D. | N.D. |
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Ethanol (by GC) |
≤5000ppm |
400ppm |
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Storage |
Store in a sealed, dark and dry place at-20 degrees |
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Bismuth Subcarbonate Tablets are a classic pharmaceutical formulation with dibismuth subnitras (BiO) ₂ CO3 as its core component. With its multi-target mechanism of action, it plays an important role in the treatment of digestive system diseases. Its indications cover three core areas: gastric mucosal protection, antibacterial therapy, acid resistance and astringency, and extend to auxiliary applications such as skin protection. The following provides a detailed analysis from three dimensions: clinical application, mechanism of action, and medication precautions.
The application of dibismuth carbonate tablets in the field of gastric mucosal protection is based on its unique physical and chemical synergistic effect:
Ulcer repair: Dibismuth carbonate reduces irritation to the ulcer surface by neutralizing gastric acid (increasing pH by 0.5-1.0 units) and adsorbing pepsin. At the same time, Dibismuth ions (Bi ³ ⁺) combine with collagen exposed at the base of the ulcer to form a protective film with a thickness of about 50-100 μ m, which can tolerate gastric acid environments with pH 1-3 and persist for 6-8 hours. This membrane not only isolates external stimuli, but also promotes mucosal epithelial regeneration by stimulating the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF).
Clinical studies have shown that after 4 weeks of treatment with dibismuth carbonate, the healing rate of gastric ulcers reaches 85%, significantly higher than that of sucralfate (60%) and placebo (30%).
Gastritis treatment: Chronic gastritis is often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or damage from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Bismuth carbonate alleviates gastric mucosal inflammation by neutralizing gastric acid and adsorbing bile acids. For Helicobacter pylori positive patients, dibismuth carbonate as an important component of quadruple therapy (dibismuth agent+proton pump inhibitor+two antibiotics) can increase the eradication rate from 70% to over 90%. Its mechanism includes direct sterilization (MIC 8-32 μ g/mL), disruption of biofilms, and enhancement of antibiotic permeability.
The antibacterial effect of dibismuth carbonate is an important expansion of its clinical application:
Helicobacter pylori eradication: Dibismuth carbonate inhibits Helicobacter pylori through multi-target targeting:
Destruction of cell wall: Dibismuth ions bind to the phosphoric acid in bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, interfering with the cross-linking process and causing damage to the integrity of the cell wall.
Inhibition of enzyme activity: Chelate metal cofactors (such as zinc and magnesium) in key enzymes of bacterial metabolism to inactivate the enzyme. For example, inhibiting the urease activity of Helicobacter pylori, blocking ammonia production, and weakening its survival ability in gastric acid environment.
Inducing oxidative stress: producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage bacterial DNA and proteins, increasing DNA breakage rates by 30% -50%.
Blocking adhesion: Changing the surface charge distribution of gastric mucosa, reducing the binding between bacteria and mucosal receptors, and reducing adhesion rate by 60% -70%.
Combination therapy optimization: Dibismuth carbonate is often used in combination with antibiotics such as clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and metronidazole to form a quadruple therapy. Its advantages lie in reducing antibiotic resistance (reducing mutation probability through multi-target action) and enhancing therapeutic efficacy (breaking biofilms and improving antibiotic permeability). For example, in areas with clarithromycin resistance rates>15%, the eradication rate of dibismuth quadruple therapy can still reach 85% -90%.
The application of dibismuth carbonate tablets in the fields of acid resistance and diarrhea control is based on their dual physical and chemical effects:
Acid fast effect: The weak alkaline properties of dibismuth carbonate (pKa ≈ 8.5) can temporarily neutralize stomach acid, alleviate symptoms such as stomach pain, acid reflux, and heartburn. Its onset time is ≤ 30 minutes and its duration of action is up to 8 hours, suitable for relieving acute symptoms caused by excessive stomach acid.
Converge and stop diarrhea: Dibismuth carbonate alleviates diarrhea through the following pathways:
Adsorption of toxins: binds with bacterial toxins (such as endotoxins) in the intestine to form insoluble complexes, reducing toxin absorption. For example, in Vibrio cholerae infection, the secretion of intestinal fluid can be reduced by 30% -50%.
Inhibit intestinal peristalsis: reduce the concentration of calcium ions in intestinal smooth muscle cells, and weaken the amplitude and frequency of intestinal peristalsis. Clinical studies have shown that it can reduce the frequency of bowel movements by 60% -70% and lower fecal water content by 40% in patients with diarrhea.
Regulating electrolyte balance: Inhibiting the activity of the intestinal sodium glucose cotransporter protein (SGLT1), reducing the reabsorption of sodium and water, and lowering intestinal osmotic pressure.
Indications extension: Dibismuth carbonate tablets are suitable for symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate diarrhea (such as traveler's diarrhea and infectious diarrhea). A single dose of 250 mg can shorten the duration of diarrhea to 24-48 hours, and the improvement rate of stool characteristics can reach 70%. In addition, its astringent effect can also be used to alleviate symptoms such as bloating and nausea caused by functional dyspepsia.
Bismuth subcarbonate tablets, as a dibismuth containing compound preparation, have its core component dibismuth Bicarbonate (BiO) ₂ CO3, which is widely used in the treatment of digestive system diseases. Its astringent, antibacterial, and barrier protective properties also make it a potential adjuvant drug in the field of skin care.
The core mechanism of bismuth carbonate for skin protection
Dibismuth carbonate provides multi-dimensional protection for the skin through a triple mechanism of physical barrier formation, antibacterial synergy, and astringent anti itch properties
After dibismuth carbonate dissolves on the surface of the skin, dibismuth ions (Bi ³ ⁺) combine with free fatty acids in sebum to form a hydrophobic protective film with a thickness of about 10-20 μ m. This membrane can effectively isolate direct contact between external stimuli (such as ammonia in urine and feces, salt in sweat) and the skin, reducing the risk of friction damage. Experiments have shown that cream containing 2% dibismuth carbonate can increase the speed of skin barrier function recovery by 40% and reduce transcutaneous water loss (TEWL) by 35%.
Dibismuth carbonate has a direct inhibitory effect on common pathogenic bacteria on the skin, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans
Destruction of cell wall:
Dibismuth ions bind to the phosphoric acid in bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, interfering with the cross-linking process, resulting in damage to cell wall integrity and an increase in bacterial dissolution rate by 20% -30%.
Inhibition of enzyme activity:
Chelate metal cofactors in key enzymes of bacterial metabolism (such as urease and catalase), inactivate the enzymes, and block bacterial energy metabolism and toxin synthesis.
Oxidative stress induction:
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damages bacterial DNA, reducing mutation rates by 50% and enhancing the competitive advantage of skin symbiotic bacteria (such as Staphylococcus epidermidis), maintaining microbial ecological balance.
Dibismuth carbonate alleviates skin inflammation and itching through the following pathways:
Contraction of blood vessels:
reduces the permeability of skin capillaries, decreases inflammatory exudation, and reduces the area of local redness and swelling by 30% -50%.
Inhibition of neural signal transduction:
Blocking the histamine H1 receptor and TRPV1 channel (pain and heat receptors) increases the itch perception threshold by 60% -70%.
Regulating immune response:
Inhibiting the secretion of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13, and alleviating chronic inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD).
Clinical application of dibismuth carbonate in skin protection
Dibismuth carbonate tablets (or their topical formulations) provide protective interventions for various skin problems through local application or oral adjuvant therapy:
Baby diaper rash is caused by the stimulation of ammonia substances in urine/feces. Dibismuth carbonate significantly reduces the severity of the rash by forming a protective film, neutralizing ammonia substances (increasing pH by 0.5-1.0 units), and inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli. Clinical studies have shown that a buttock cream containing 1% dibismuth carbonate can shorten the healing time of rash from 72 hours to 48 hours and reduce the recurrence rate by 50%.
The astringent effect of dibismuth carbonate can promote wound dryness, reduce exudate accumulation, and lower the risk of infection. For example, in the first degree burn, dibismuth carbonate gel can advance the wound healing time by 2-3 days and reduce the pain score by 40%.
Skin damage caused by radiotherapy, such as erythema and scaling, is associated with free radical damage. Dibismuth carbonate reduces skin fibrosis by clearing ROS and inhibiting MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase) activity. Animal experiments have shown that local application of dibismuth carbonate can reduce radiation dermatitis scores by 60% and increase the speed of epidermal thickness recovery by 30%.
The combination of dibismuth carbonate and antibiotics (such as mupirocin) can enhance the clearance effect on drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. For example, in the treatment of pustules, a composite preparation containing dibismuth carbonate can increase the bacterial clearance rate from 75% to 90% and shorten the treatment course by 2 days.
Bismuth subcarbonate tablets provide multi-layered defense for the skin through barrier protection, antibacterial synergy, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, making them particularly suitable for adjuvant treatment of diaper rash, mild trauma, and infectious skin diseases. Future research can focus on the development of nanomaterials (such as improving the targeted release efficiency of dibismuth ions), combined photodynamic therapy (enhancing antibacterial effects), and expanding indications (such as acne and rosacea) to further enhance their skin protective value. Meanwhile, strengthening patient education (such as avoiding long-term large-scale use) and safety monitoring are key to ensuring the safety and effectiveness of dibismuth carbonate skin application.
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