DL-methionine powder, also known as methionine, is a sulfur-containing essential amino acid for the human body. Its chemical formula is C5H11NO2S, with a relative molecular weight of 149.21 and a CAS number of 59-51-8. The appearance is white flaky crystals or powder, with a slightly sweet taste and a faint odor. The melting point is about 281 ℃ (decomposition), the density is 1.3g/cm3, it is soluble in water, and the pH of the aqueous solution (1%) is 5.6-6.1. It is soluble in dilute acid and dilute alkali solutions, very slightly soluble in 95% ethanol, and insoluble in ether. The chemical properties of DL methionine are mainly reflected in its thioether structure (- CH3) and the acid-base amphiphilic characteristics of amino acids. It can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions at the amino, thioether, and alpha positions, as well as neutralization of carboxyl groups, acyl halides, anhydrides, esterification, and other reactions. It is an essential amino acid containing sulfur and has antioxidant stress resistance function. It can be used as a natural feed for animals and can also kill potato nematodes on potatoes.
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Chemical Formula |
C5H11NO2S |
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Exact Mass |
149 |
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Molecular Weight |
149 |
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m/z |
149 (100.0%), 150 (5.4%), 151 (4.5%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 40.25; H, 7.43; N, 9.39; O, 21.45; S, 21.49 |
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DL-methionine powder, also known as 2-amino-4-methylthiobutyric acid, is an essential sulfur-containing amino acid that plays a crucial role in living organisms. Its unique chemical structure and physiological functions make it widely used in various fields such as medicine, food, feed, cosmetics, and industry.
1. Liver protection and treatment
One of the most significant applications in the field of medicine is liver protection and treatment. As an important raw material for the synthesis of phospholipids in the liver, it can promote the repair and regeneration of liver cell membranes and enhance the detoxification function of the liver. In clinical practice, it is widely used to treat diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, toxic hepatitis, hepatic coma, and fatty liver. Supplementing with this substance can effectively improve liver function, reduce liver burden, and promote the recovery and regeneration of liver cells.
2. Amino acid infusion and compound amino acid preparations
It is one of the main components of amino acid infusion and compound amino acid preparations. Amino acid infusion and compound amino acid preparations play an important role in nutritional support therapy for critically ill patients, surgical patients, and malnourished patients. As one of the essential amino acids, it can provide the nitrogen source needed by the human body, promote protein synthesis and metabolism, and help patients recover.
3. Detoxification and anti fatty liver effects
DL methionine also has significant detoxification and anti fatty liver effects. In the body, it can be converted into S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), which is an active methyl donor involved in the synthesis and metabolism of various bioactive substances. By providing methyl groups, it helps promote the metabolism and elimination of toxic substances in the body, reducing the burden on the liver. At the same time, it can promote the oxidation and decomposition of fatty acids, reduce the deposition of fat in the liver, and thus have an anti fatty liver effect.
4. Synthesize medicinal vitamins and hormones
DL methionine is also an important raw material for the synthesis of medicinal vitamins and hormones. For example, it can participate in the metabolism of vitamin B12, promoting its absorption and utilization. In addition, it is also one of the essential amino acids for the synthesis of certain hormones, such as insulin. By providing necessary amino acid raw materials, it helps maintain the balance and stability of hormone levels in the body.
1. Nutritional supplements
In the food industry, it is mainly used as a nutritional supplement. Due to DL methionine being one of the essential amino acids for the human body and being a restricted amino acid in certain plant-based foods such as oats, corn, wheat, etc., adding this substance to these foods can improve amino acid balance and enhance the nutritional value of the food. Especially in infant and toddler food, elderly food, and special medical formula food, additives are particularly important.
2. Food additives
In addition to serving as a nutritional supplement, it can also be used as a food additive. It is widely used as a preservative, flavor enhancer, and antioxidant in the fields of pickled foods, baked goods, beverages, and seasonings. By adding this substance, the shelf life of food can be extended, the taste and flavor of food can be improved, and the antioxidant properties of food can be enhanced.
3. Seasoning agents and spices
DL-methionine powder also has a special freshness and aroma, so it can be used as a seasoning and spice. Adding it in moderation during food processing can enhance the overall flavor of the food and make it more delicious. Especially in seafood seasonings, adding can simulate the freshness and aroma of sea urchins, improving the quality and effectiveness of the seasonings.
1. Feed nutrient fortifiers
In the field of feed, it is one of the most important amino acid additives. As the first limiting amino acid of poultry and the second limiting amino acid of pigs, they play a crucial role in the metabolic processes of animals. By adding this substance, the deficiency of amino acids in feed can be compensated for, the amino acid composition of the diet can be balanced, and the nutritional value and utilization rate of feed can be improved.
2. Promote animal growth and development
Adding can significantly promote the growth and development of animals. As a substrate for protein biosynthesis, it directly participates in the synthesis and metabolism of proteins in animals. By providing necessary amino acid raw materials, it helps promote the growth and development of animal muscles, increase animal weight and weight gain rate. At the same time, it can also promote the absorption and utilization of other nutrients in animals, improve their immunity and disease resistance.
3. Improve the quality of animal products
Adding can also improve the quality of animal products. In the process of livestock and poultry breeding, moderate addition can increase the protein content and amino acid composition ratio of animal products, making them more nutritious and have a better taste. Especially in the breeding of laying hens, adding can improve the quality and yield of eggs, and increase breeding efficiency.
4. Relieve behavioral problems such as feather pecking
Feather pecking is a common behavioral problem in poultry farming. By adding this substance, the occurrence of behavioral problems such as feather pecking can be effectively alleviated. This is because its addition can improve the nutritional and physiological status of poultry, reducing behavioral problems caused by nutritional deficiencies or physiological imbalances.
1. Nutritional additives
In the field of cosmetics, it is mainly used as a nutritional additive. Because it can promote the growth of hair and nails, it can improve the health of hair and nails by adding shampoo, conditioner, nail polish and other cosmetics, making hair more supple and shiny, and nails more tough and shiny.
2. Antioxidant and anti-aging
It also has significant antioxidant and anti-aging effects. In the body, it can be converted into S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), which is involved in the synthesis and metabolism of various bioactive substances. By providing active groups such as methyl, it helps to promote the synthesis and activity of antioxidant enzymes in the body, reducing the damage and aging of the skin caused by oxidative stress. Therefore, adding DL methionine to anti-aging cosmetics can delay the aging process of the skin and maintain its youthful and healthy state.
Application in the industrial field
1. Synthetic drugs and pesticides
In the industrial field, it is one of the important raw materials for synthesizing drugs and pesticides. Through chemical synthesis methods, it can be transformed into various bioactive compounds, such as antibiotics, antiviral drugs, insecticides, etc. These compounds have broad application prospects and market demand in the fields of medicine and pesticides.
2. Surfactants and Polymer Synthesis
It can also be used for synthesizing surfactants and polymer compounds. By introducing sulfur-containing or amino groups, polymer compounds can be endowed with specific properties and functions. For example, introducing surfactants can improve their wetting, emulsifying, and dispersing properties; Introducing it into polymers can improve their processing performance, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility.
3. Plant growth regulators and pesticide synergists
In the field of agriculture, it can also be used as a plant growth regulator and pesticide enhancer. Spraying solutions or adding them to pesticides can promote plant growth and development, improve stress resistance, and prevent and control pests and diseases. At the same time, DL methionine can enhance the permeability and adhesion of pesticides, improve the control effect and utilization rate of pesticides.
Synthesis of DL-methionine powder:
1. Usually, the synthesis method using propylene aldehyde as raw material is adopted.
In the presence of formic acid and copper acetate, propylaldehyde and methyl mercaptan are condensed to form 3-methylthiopropanal. Then mix with sodium cyanide and ammonium bicarbonate solution. Methylthioethyl hydantoin was synthesized at 90 ℃. Without separation and purification, it can be heated to 180 ℃ together with 28% sodium hydroxide solution to hydrolyze into sodium methionine. Neutralize with hydrochloric acid to obtain finished methionine. Each ton of product consumes 480kg of propylene aldehyde, 400kg of methyl mercaptan and 420kg of sodium cyanide.
2. The physiological functions of methionine in D-configuration and L-configuration are the same, and DL type is mostly used. Therefore, it is advantageous to manufacture methionine by synthesis. It is generally prepared by reacting acrolein with methyl mercaptan.
3. Methionine can be prepared by extraction, but the following methods are available in industry:
(1) Rhone Planck process
(2) Raw material consumption quota of Degussa DL methionine process: acrolein 480kg/t, methyl mercaptan 400kg/t, sodium cyanide 420kg/t.
1. One of the essential amino acids of human body, deficiency will cause liver and kidney disorders. It is particularly important to protect liver function. It can promote the growth of hair and nails, detoxify and enhance muscle activity.
2. The taste of sea urchin is related to methionine, which can be prepared as a flavoring agent.
3. It is also used for amino acid infusion and comprehensive amino acid preparation.
4. It can be used as spice according to GB2760-86.
Recommended usage and precautions:
The adult male requirement is 1g/d.
It can be safely used in food. It accounts for 3.1% of the total protein in food. It shall not be used for baby food.
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