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Sodium tetraborate powder, primarily composed of sodium borate, is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula Na₂B₄O₇. It stands as one of the most significant boron-bearing minerals and boron compounds utilized across various industries. This compound typically appears as a colorless or white crystalline powder, is odorless, and exhibits moderate solubility in water and glycerin while remaining insoluble in ethanol. A notable physical characteristic is its tendency to effloresce or easily weather upon exposure to dry air, which can lead to changes in its surface appearance over time.
In terms of chemical behavior, sodium tetraborate dissolves in water to form an alkaline solution, which contributes to its versatility in numerous applications. It dissolves slowly in methanol, typically yielding a solution concentration ranging from 13% to 16%. The compound is highly hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the surrounding environment, which necessitates careful handling and storage protocols. When used and stored according to specifications, sodium tetraborate remains stable and does not decompose. There are no known dangerous reactions under normal conditions, though contact with strong oxidizing acids and excessive moisture or humidity should be strictly avoided to prevent undesirable interactions.
The practical applications of borax are extensive and diverse. In household and industrial contexts, it serves as an effective detergent and cleaning agent, helping to soften water and boost the cleaning power of soaps. In the cosmetics sector, it is used in the formulation of certain creams, lotions, and bath products for its emulsifying and buffering properties. Additionally, sodium tetraborate plays a role in agriculture as an insecticide and in laboratories as a component of buffer solutions to maintain stable pH levels. It is also a fundamental raw stuff in the production of other boron compounds, glass, ceramics, and even flame retardants.
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Chemical Formula |
BNa3O3 |
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Exact Mass |
128 |
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Molecular Weight |
128 |
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m/z |
128 (100.0%), 127 (24.8%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
B, 8.46; Na, 53.98; O, 37.56 |
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Sodium tetraborate, also known as borax or sodium borate, is an important boron containing mineral and boron compound with the molecular formula Na2B4O7. It is usually a colorless or white crystalline powder at room temperature and pressure, and is easily soluble in water, as well as organic solvents such as ethanol and glycerol.
Glass sector
Sodium tetraborate is one of the indispensable and important raw stuff in the glass sector. It plays a crucial role in the manufacturing, coating, and processing of glass. In the glass manufacturing process, adding sodium tetraborate can significantly improve the transparency of glass, making it clearer and purer, reducing the generation of impurities and bubbles, thereby improving the quality and aesthetics of glass products. At the same time, it can enhance the hardness and heat resistance of the glass, allowing it to withstand higher temperatures and pressures without easily breaking or deforming.
This is particularly important for manufacturing special glass products such as insulated glass wool and borosilicate glass, which have a wide range of applications in fields such as construction, aerospace, and electronics.
In addition, sodium tetraborate can form [BO ₄] and [SiO ₄] composite glass networks with water glass, improving the integrity of the network and enhancing the bonding strength of water glass; [BO ₄] can adsorb cations, reduce the migration of sodium ions, improve the moisture resistance of water glass, and further optimize the performance of the glass.
Ceramic and Enamel sector
In the ceramic sector, Sodium tetraborate powder, as an additive in ceramic glazes, can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of ceramics. It can make the ceramic surface smoother, harder, less prone to scratches or wear, and extend the service life of ceramic products. Meanwhile, sodium tetraborate can also improve the appearance and color of ceramics, making the color of ceramic products more vivid and uniform, enhancing their decorative and artistic value.
In the production of enamel products, sodium tetraborate helps to enhance the firmness and glossiness of enamel products. It can better adhere the enamel layer to the metal substrate, reduce the peeling and detachment of the enamel layer, and improve the quality and reliability of enamel products. In addition, sodium tetraborate can make the surface of enamel products smoother and brighter, increasing their aesthetic appeal.
Textile printing and dyeing sector
In the process of textile printing and dyeing, sodium tetraborate can be used as a refining agent to help remove impurities such as oil, wax, and pigments from cotton fibers. It can react chemically with these impurities, causing them to dissolve or disperse in water, making it easier to clean. This not only helps to improve the whiteness and purity of the fabric, but also provides a good foundation for subsequent dyeing and printing processes, allowing dyes to better adhere to the fabric and improve the uniformity and fastness of dyeing.
In addition, sodium tetraborate can also be used as a fixative for dyes to improve their durability and color vividness. It can form stable chemical bonds with dye molecules, preventing the dye from fading or falling off during washing and use, making the color of the fabric more durable and bright.
Paper sector
Borides can play an important role as papermaking coatings in the papermaking process. It can increase the gloss of paper, make the surface of the paper smoother and brighter, and improve the printability and aesthetics of the paper. At the same time, borides can also improve the fire resistance of paper, reduce the burning speed and flame spread speed of paper, reduce the risk of fire accidents, and have important application value in some paper application fields with high fire prevention requirements, such as building decoration paper, packaging paper, etc.
Flame retardant sector
Sodium tetraborate can improve the fire resistance of fire-resistant stuff and plays an important role in the production of fire-resistant stuff such as fire-resistant glass and coatings. It can decompose at high temperatures, absorb heat and release moisture, forming a layer of insulation to prevent the spread of flames and heat transfer, thus playing a role in flame retardancy. This is of great significance for ensuring the safety of buildings, transportation vehicles, and reducing losses caused by fire accidents.
Metal processing sector
Sodium tetraborate can serve as a metal surface treatment agent and play various important roles in metal processing. It can prevent metal oxidation and corrosion, form a protective film on the metal surface, isolate the metal from contact with corrosive media such as air and moisture, thereby extending the service life of the metal. At the same time, sodium tetraborate can also improve the hardness and corrosion resistance of metals, making metal products more durable and adaptable to various harsh working environments.
Sodium tetraborate is indispensable when welding metals. During the welding process, there are often some oxides on the metal surface, which can hinder the good bonding of the metal and affect the welding quality. Sodium tetraborate can react with these oxides at high temperatures to remove them, thereby ensuring the quality of welding. Moreover, many metal oxides exhibit characteristic colors when dissolved in molten borax, such as blue for cobalt metaborate, brown for nickel metaborate, and emerald green for chromium metaborate. This property is known as borax bead reaction in analytical chemistry and is often used to test certain metal ions. It also has certain application value in quality inspection and control of metal processing.
Cleaning agent sector
Sodium tetraborate can be used as a pH buffer and corrosion-resistant additive, and is widely used in cleaning agents for hard surfaces such as metals and glass. It can adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the cleaning agent to maintain it within an appropriate range, effectively removing dirt without causing corrosion damage to the cleaned object. At the same time, sodium tetraborate can enhance the stability and stain removal ability of cleaning agents, improve cleaning effectiveness, and extend the service life of cleaning agents.
Applying boron fertilizer can increase crop yield and improve the quality of agricultural products. For example, boron fertilizer is widely used in the cultivation of crops such as wheat, cotton, tobacco, hemp, potato, sugar beet, rapeseed, and fruit trees. There are various methods for applying boron fertilizer, and boron fertilizer is commonly used for seed mixing. Generally, one gram of boron fertilizer is used per kilogram
Boron fertilizer
Boron is one of the essential trace elements for plant growth and development, and sodium tetraborate is one of the commonly used boron fertilizers. It is suitable for various acidic fields and can provide the necessary boron element for plants, promoting their growth and development. Boron is particularly important for plant reproductive growth, as it participates in processes such as pollen formation, fertilization, and fruit development.When cotton is deficient in boron, there may be a phenomenon of buds without flowering, that is, only flower buds will grow without flowering; When most crops are deficient in boron, the development of flowers is incomplete, which affects the fruiting rate. of seeds; It can also be used for spraying, soaking and mixing seeds.
Medical field
Other pharmaceutical products
Sodium tetraborate powder can also be used to manufacture pharmaceutical products such as antacids, anti-inflammatory drugs, and antibacterial agents. It can neutralize stomach acid and alleviate discomfort caused by excessive stomach acid; Has a certain anti-inflammatory effect and can alleviate inflammatory reactions; Its antibacterial properties can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of a variety of bacteria, prevent and treat infectious diseases.
Cleaning agent
Sodium tetraborate is one of the commonly used cleaning agents in daily life. It exists as a filler in laundry detergent and soap, which can help enhance cleaning effectiveness. It can react with some components in the stain, reducing the adhesion between the stain and the clothing fibers, making the stain easier to be washed away by water. For example, for stubborn oil stains, sweat stains, etc., cleaning agents containing sodium tetraborate can more effectively remove them, making clothing cleaner.
Disinfectants and preservatives
Sodium tetraborate has strong oxidative properties and can be used as a disinfectant and preservative. In water treatment and industrial cleaning, it is often used as a disinfectant to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in water, ensuring the safety and hygiene of water quality. In terms of food preservation, although sodium tetraborate is prohibited from being added to food due to its harmful effects on human health, it can prevent mold and spoilage in some non food preservation treatments, extending the service life of items. However, it is necessary to strictly comply with relevant regulations and prohibit its illegal addition to food.
Cosmetics
In some skin care products, such as lotion, face cream, as well as sunscreen and acne products, sodium tetraborate may also exist as a component. It can regulate the acidity and alkalinity of cosmetics, making them suitable for the physiological environment of human skin and reducing skin irritation. At the same time, it can also stabilize the formula, allowing various ingredients in cosmetics to better blend with each other, maintain a stable state, and extend the shelf life of cosmetics. In addition, sodium tetraborate may also have certain moisturizing and nourishing effects on the skin, which can help improve the health of the skin.
Artificial gemstone manufacturing
Sodium tetraborate is used to manufacture artificial gemstones. In the synthesis process of artificial gemstones, it participates in the reaction process, affecting the crystal structure and growth of the gemstone. By precisely controlling reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure, reactant ratio, as well as the dosage and mode of action of sodium tetraborate, various dazzling artificial gemstones can be produced to meet people's demand for jewelry.
Fertilizer, paint, detergent and other industries
Sodium tetraborate also has certain applications in industries such as fertilizers, paints, detergents, etc. In fertilizer production, it can be used as a trace element additive to provide boron element for plants; In paint, it may play a role in improving paint performance, such as enhancing paint adhesion, glossiness, etc; In detergents, in addition to serving as cleaning ingredients, they may also have functions such as regulating acidity and alkalinity, stabilizing formulations, etc.
In the field of analytical chemistry
Many metal oxides exhibit characteristic colors when dissolved in molten borax, such as blue for cobalt metaborate, brown for nickel metaborate, and emerald green for chromium metaborate. This property is known as the borax bead reaction in analytical chemistry and is often used to test certain metal ions. By observing the color changes of borax beads, Sodium tetraborate powder is possible to quickly and accurately identify whether a sample contains specific metal ions, providing a simple and effective method for chemical analysis and detection.
We are the supplier of sodium borate powder . The R & D department has used many methods to prepare sodium tetraborate:
(1) Boric acid reacts with alkali to form borate. When the solution is strongly alkaline (ph=11 ~ 12), metaborate:
When the alkalinity is weak (ph<9.6), tetraborate is formed:
According to its structure, the chemical formula of borax should be written as Na2B4O5 (OH) 4 · 8H2O.
Borax is a colourless crystal, which is weathered in the air. When heated to 400 ~ 500 ℃, it can be dehydrated into anhydrous sodium tetraborate, which melts into the glass at 878 ℃. Because the melt contains acid oxide B2O3, it can dissolve metal oxides. This property can be used to remove oxides on the metal surface when welding metal. Many metal oxides often show characteristic colours after dissolving in molten borax, such as cobalt metaborate CO (Bo2) 2 is blue, nickel metaborate Ni (Bo2) 2 is brown, chromium metaborate Cr (Bo2) 3 is emerald green, etc. For example:
This is also called borax bead reaction, which is commonly used in analytical chemistry to test some metal ions. Borax has great solubility in water and increases with the increase of temperature. It is easy to hydrolyze in an aqueous solution and becomes alkaline. The hydrolysis reaction of borate is as follows:
The alkali balance moves to the left, and boric acid can be used to make borate, which exists in the form of metaborate under strong alkali conditions. Sodium tetraborate powder aqueous solution can be regarded as a buffer system composed of two molecules of boric acid (or metaboric acid) and two molecules of sodium metaborate. The pH value of the solution is about 9.4 ~ 9.6. Borax can be obtained as long as the pH value of the prepared strong alkali solution is reduced to about 9.6. Tibet in China has a large amount of natural borax, and Northeast China is also rich in boron and magnesium ores. In sector, borax is generally made from boron magnesium ore by caustic soda to decompose the ore. first, sodium metaborate is obtained, and then carbon dioxide is introduced to reduce its alkalinity to obtain borax. The main reactions are as follows:
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