Thymopentin, as an organic compound, has a stable chemical structure and is composed of five amino-acid residues: arginine, lysine, aspartic acid, valine, and tyrosine. Its molecular formula is CHN9O9, CAS 69558-55-0. This specific molecular structure endows it with unique solubility properties. It is easily soluble in organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and acetone, which can disrupt the interactions between Thymopeptide molecules and make them more dispersed in the solvent.
Meanwhile, thymopen is slightly soluble in chloroform, which may be due to its weak polarity and weak interaction with thymopenti molecules.In addition, thymopenti is insoluble in less polar solvents such as water, petroleum ether, and benzene, which is related to the polar groups in its molecular structure.
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Customized Bottle Caps And Corks:
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Thymopentin COA
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| Certificate of Analysis | ||
| Compound name | Thymopentin | |
| Grade | Pharmaceutical grade | |
| CAS No. | 69558-55-0 | |
| Quantity | Customized | |
| Packaging standard | Customized | |
| Manufacturer | Shaanxi BLOOM TECH Co., Ltd | |
| Lot No. | 202501090029 | |
| MFG | Jan 9th 2026 | |
| EXP | Jan 8th 2029 | |
| Structure |
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| Item | Enterprise standard | Analysis result |
| Appearance | White or almost white powder | Conformed |
| Water content | ≤5.0% | 0.54% |
| Loss on drying | ≤1.0% | 0.42% |
| Heavy Metals | Pb≤0.5ppm | N.D. |
| As≤0.5ppm | N.D. | |
| Hg≤0.5ppm | N.D. | |
| Cd≤0.5ppm | N.D. | |
| Purity (HPLC) | ≥99.0% | 99.98% |
| Single impurity | <0.8% | 0.52% |
| Total microbial count | ≤750cfu/g | 95 |
| E. Coli | ≤2MPN/g | N.D. |
| Salmonella | N.D. | N.D. |
| Ethanol (by GC) | ≤5000ppm | 500ppm |
| Storage | Store in a sealed, dark, and dry place, -20°C | |
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| Chemical Formula | C30H49N9O9 | |
| Exact Mass | 679.37 | |
| Molecular Weight | 679.78 | |
| m/z | 679.37 (100.0%), 680.37 (32.4%), 680.36 (3.0%), 681.37 (2.7%), 681.37 (2.4%), 681.37 (1.8%) | |
| Elemental Analysis | C, 53.01; H, 7.27; N, 18.54; O, 21.18 | |
The optical properties are also worth paying attention to. Under specific conditions, such as in a glacial acetic acid environment, it can exhibit specific optical rotation, with a rotation of( α) 17D -126.6 ± 2 °. It has multiple biological functions in the human body. Its plasma half-life is relatively short, only about 30 seconds, which means that its action time in the body is relatively short and requires frequent administration to maintain its therapeutic effect. At the same time, thymopenti can promote the production of T cell populations by human embryonic stem cells, thereby participating in the regulation and maintenance of the immunologic system.
Thymopeptide is a peptide with broad biological activity that plays various important functions in the human body. As an immunologic modulator, thymopentin can affect the differentiation, maturation, and activity of immunologic cells, thereby regulating the function of the immunologic system.
It also has the effect of improving thymic atrophy.
When the thymus gland shrinks due to various reasons, the immunologic function of the body will be affected. By injecting Thymopeptide, it can promote the proliferation and differentiation of thymocytes, improve thymic function, and thus improve the phenomenon of thymic atrophy.
It also has anti-tumor effects.
It can inhibit the growth and spread of tumor cells, induce tumor cell apoptosis, and thus achieve the effect of treating tumors. In addition, i can enhance the body's immunologic monitoring and clearance ability against tumor cells, prevent distant metastasis of tumor cells, and form new metastatic lesions.
It also plays an important role in the treatment of hepatitis B.
It can promote the activation of the mononuclear macrophage system in the liver, eliminate necrotic substances in liver tissue, and reduce the degree of liver damage. Meanwhile, thymopenti can also promote liver cell regeneration.
It also has the effect of improving liver function.
The liver is an important metabolic organ in the human body. When liver function is impaired, the metabolism and detoxification functions of the body will be affected. Thymopeptide can improve liver function.
Thymopeptide also has antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects.
It can eliminate free radicals in the body, alleviate oxidative stress reactions, and protect cells from damage. At the same time, thymopenti can also regulate blood glucose metabolism.
In clinical applications
Thymopenti has been widely used for the treatment of various diseases such as malignant tumors, hepatitis B, and autoimmune diseases. It can not only serve as an adjuvant therapy to improve treatment efficacy.
Thymopantin can also significantly promote the differentiation and maturation of T lymphecytes in the thymus, rebuild the body's cellular immunologic balance, and enhance the body's ability to resist viral infection, bacterial invasion and tumor cell proliferation. It can regulate the secretion of various cytokines, moderate excessive inflammatory responses, and protect normal immunologic tissues from overactivation and damage. Due to its extremely short plasma half-life, clinical preparations are mostly designed as freeze-dried powder for injection, which can rapidly enter the systemic circulation after administration and exert immediate immunomodulatory effects.
In addition, the function of thymopetin is also influenced by various factors. For example, individual genetic background, age, gender, and other factors may affect the effectiveness of thymopntin. Meanwhile, drug interactions may also affect the efficacy and safety of thymopntin. Therefore, when using thymopntin, it is necessary to comprehensively consider these factors and develop personalized treatment plans. However, it should be noted that thymopenti is not suitable for all populations. For specific populations such as pregnant women, individuals with allergies, and those with liver and kidney dysfunction, thymopenti should be used with caution to avoid adverse reactions.
The pathways of action of thymopenti mainly include the following aspects- Stimulating the development and maturation of T cells through the thymus:Thymopeptide, as a hormone secreted by the thymus, can directly promote the development and maturation of T cells in the thymus. This pathway of action mainly involves cellular interactions and signal transduction within the thymus, thereby affecting the growth and differentiation of T cells.Signal transduction mediated by receptors:Thymopeptide may activate intracellular signaling pathways by binding to specific receptors on the surface of thymocytes.
These signaling pathways can regulate gene expression, protein synthesis, and cell activity in cells, thereby affecting the function and activity of T cells and other immune cells.Regulating cytokine production:Thymopeptide may affect immunologic response by regulating the production and release of other cytokines. For example, it may promote the production of certain cytokines, thereby enhancing the vitality of immune cells and their ability to resist pathogens.Directly affecting the function of immune cells:Finally, thymopentin may also directly affect the function of immune cells. It may regulate the activity of immunologic cells by altering intracellular metabolic processes, protein synthesis, and cellular structure.
Thymopenin, as an immunomodulatory drug, has a wide range of applications in the medical field. It is mainly composed of fiveamino-acid residues: arginine, lysine, aspartic acid, valine, and tyrosine. It is an effective part of thymidine II in thymic secretions. The chemical name of thymopntin is N - [N - [N - [NL arginil-L-lysine] - L - α - aspartic] - L-valine] - L-tyrosine, with a molecular formula of C30H49N9O9. Thymopenin is usually present in the form of white freeze-dried loose blocks or powders and is commonly used as a thymopntin injection solution.
This exerts its biological activity by regulating the differentiation, maturation and functional activity of T lymphocytes in the human body, effectively enhancing cellular immunologic function and improving the body's defense against bacterial, viral and fungal infections. It is widely applied in adjuvant therapy for low immunologic function caused by chronic diseases, tumor rehabilitation, as well as immunologic dysfunction related postoperative recovery. With stable chemical structure and high biological purity, it features good safety, mild action and low adverse reaction rate, making it a conventional and reliable immunoregulatory polypeptide preparation in clinical routine medication.
The Basic Mechanism Of Action Of This drug
The main function of thymopntin is to promote the differentiation of T lymphocytes and can specifically bind to T cell receptors, thereby enhancing the body's immunity. Its specific physiological mechanisms include the following aspects:
(1) Inducing T cell differentiation:
Thymopenin can selectively induce the transformation of Thy-1- pre thymocytes into Thy-1+T cells.
This differentiation process is mediated by an increase in intracellular cAMP levels, which promotes the transition of T cells from immature to mature state.
(2) Activation of immunologic cells:
Thymopenin can activate CD4 and CD8 positive cells, prolonging the lifespan of specific Tc cells, and also activate Th cells, inducing the function of Ts cells. These activating effects help the body respond quickly to pathogens.
The Application Sequence Of It In Different Diseases
In clinic, thymopntin is mainly used for adjuvant treatment of malignant tumors, autoimmune diseases, secondary immunodeficiency and infectious diseases. The following is the application sequence and mechanism of action of thymopntin in different diseases:
Adjuvant Therapy For Malignant Tumors
(1) Promoting T Lymphocyte Differentiation:
Thymopenin first enhances the body's anti-tumor ability by promoting T lymphocyte differentiation, increasing the number and activity of T cells.
(2) Enhancing The Vitality Of Natural Killer Cells:
Thymopenin can also increase the vitality of natural killer cells, making them more effective in identifying and killing tumor cells.
(3) Enhancing The Phagocytic Function Of Macrophages And Neutrophils:
By enhancing the phagocytic function of macrophages and neutrophils, thymopntin helps to clear tumor cell debris and pathogens from the body.
Adjuvant Treatment Of Secondary Immunodeficiency And Infectious Diseases
Patients with secondary immunodeficiency and infectious diseases often have low immunologic function. Thymopentin can act in the following order:
(1) Improving the body's immunity:
Thymopenin promotes the differentiation and activation of T lymphocytes, enhancing the body's immunity and making it more effective in resisting pathogen infections.(2) Enhancing the phagocytic function of macrophages:
Thymopenin can enhance the phagocytic function of macrophages and improve their ability to clear pathogens.
(3) Promoting interferon production:
Thymopenin can promote interferon production, thereby enhancing the body's antiviral ability.(4) Regulation of immunologic balance:
By regulating the proportion of T lymphocyte subsets, it helps to restore the immune balance of the body and reduce the occurrence of secondary immune defects and infectious diseases.
Frequently Asked Questions
Thymopentiin is a small-molecule immunomodulatory peptide composed of five amino-acid residues: arginine, lysine, aspartic acid, valine, and tyrosine. Its chemical name is N - [N - [N - [NL arginil-L-lysine] - L - α - aspartic] - L-valine] - L-tyrosine, with a molecular formula of C30H49N9O9 and CAS number 69558-55-0. It is an active fragment derived from thymidine II in thymic secretions, usually present as white lyophilized loose blocks or powder.
Thymopentiin mainly exerts its effects by regulating the differentiation, maturation and functional activity of T lymphocytes, thereby enhancing the body's cellular immunologic function. It can promote the production of T cell populations, activate natural killer cells and macrophages, regulate cytokine secretion, and help maintain the body's immunologic homeostasis. Additionally, it has anti-tumor, liver-protective and antiviral effects, especially in supporting the treatment of hepatitis B and malignant tumors.
Clinically, Thymopentiin is mostly used as a lyophilized powder for injection, which is reconstituted with sterile normal saline for subcutaneous or intravenous injection. Its plasma half-life is about 30 seconds, requiring frequent administration to maintain therapeutic effects. It has good safety with low adverse reaction rates; local reactions such as mild pain or redness at the injection site are temporary, and systemic reactions like low-grade fever are rare and mild.
Thymopentiin is widely used in clinical practice as an immunomodulator. It is mainly used for adjuvant treatment of malignant tumors, helping to enhance the body's anti-tumor immunologic response and reduce chemotherapy-induced immunologic suppression. It is also applied in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, immune deficiency diseases, and postoperative immunologic function recovery, as well as adjuvant therapy for infectious diseases caused by low immunity.
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