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Triphenylsilyl chloride is an organosilicon compound with the chemical formula (C6H5)3SiCl. It is a solid crystal, white or light yellow crystal at room temperature. Almost insoluble in water, but can be dissolved in polar solvents such as acetonitrile, benzene, ethanol, etc. It is relatively stable to chemical substances such as water, acid and alkali. Combustible in the air, producing silicon dioxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride and other gases. It is more flammable but less toxic to humans. These physical properties provide the basis and guidance for its research and application in the laboratory.

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Chemical Formula |
C18H15ClSi |
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Exact Mass |
294 |
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Molecular Weight |
295 |
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m/z |
294 (100.0%), 296 (32.0%), 295 (19.5%), 297 (6.2%), 295 (5.1%), 296 (3.3%), 296 (1.8%), 297 (1.6%), 298 (1.1%) |
|
Elemental Analysis |
C, 73.32; H, 5.13; Cl, 12.02; Si, 9.53 |
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Triphenylsilyl chloride (TPSCl) is a commonly used organosilicon compound with the chemical formula C18H15ClSi. It is mainly used as a processing aid in organic synthesis and other industrial applications.
1. Catalyst:
TPSCl can be used as a catalyst for many chemical reactions, such as the silicate reaction of alcohol, the addition reaction of olefin, the acylation reaction of acetate and the nucleophilic substitution reaction of C-H bond, etc. In these reactions, TPSCl acts as a catalyst to accelerate the reaction rate and finally convert the reactants to the desired products.
2. Protective group:
TPSCl is often used as a protecting group in organic synthesis. For example, during the chemical reaction of molecules with high functional groups such as alcohols, phenols, and amines, these functional groups will react with the reactants. Depending on the situation, these functional groups can be protected with TPSCl to prevent them from being reacted. TPSCl can form stable silicate compounds with the above functional groups at low temperature, preventing other functional groups from reacting with the reactants, thus protecting them.
3. Ligands:
TPSCl is also a good ligand and can be used in metal-catalyzed reactions. For example, TPSCl is a commonly used fluorescent ligand for the asymmetric phosphitylation of halogenated aromatic compounds. TPSCl suppresses the instability of the phosphoramidite ionomer and improves charge transport, while also providing a catalyst for this reaction.
4. Other applications:
TPSCl can also be used as a component of liquid crystal molecules, a metal surface treatment agent and an adhesive. In the preparation of cellulose, TPSCl is used as a coating agent, which can make better adhesion between cellulose and other substances. In addition, TPSCl can be used as a processing aid in industrial applications such as rubber, plastics, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
In summary, TPSCl is an organosilicon compound widely used in organic chemistry, coordination chemistry, and industrial chemistry. Its diverse fields of application have given it an important role in science and industrial production.

Triphenylsilyl chloride (triphenylchlorosilane) is an important organosilicon reagent, often used as a protecting group or reagent in organic synthesis.
First, triphenylsilane (TMSPh3) was mixed with cuprous chloride (CuCl), and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for about 12 hours. The product of this step is TMSPh3Cl:
TMSPh3 + CuCl → TMSPh3Cl + Cu
Next, it was added to sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and the reaction was heated. During the reaction, water and triphenylsilylphenol are produced, which are then knocked out by chloride ions to form it and NaCl:
TMSPh3Cl + NaOH → TMSPh3 + H2O + NaCl
Finally, the produced it is purified by distillation or the like. Finally, high-purity triphenylchlorosilane is obtained.

Triphenylsilyl chloride is one of organosilicon compounds, and its discovery history can be traced back to the beginning of the 20th century.
Silicon is the second most common element in the Earth's crust, and its use in organic chemistry also began in the early 20th century. The earliest organosilicon compounds were actually alkylsilanes, discovered in 1901 by French chemist Frederic Kipping. A series of reactions subsequently discovered in alkylsilane chemistry also laid the foundation for the development of organosilicon chemistry.
However, the discovery of the compound it has not been independently documented. According to the literature, the earliest literature records about it can be traced back to 1935. At that time, Swiss chemist Dr. Heinrich Wieland and his student Alois Dietschy synthesized a compound related to product in their research. In the remainder of this research, they also identified a series of organosilicon compounds with exciting properties.
The real discovery of it is believed to be in the 1940s, which is the golden age of organosilicon chemistry. During this period, many chemists devoted themselves to the research and discovery of new organosilicon compounds. The most famous of these are Dr. Lester Brock and Dr. Robert B. McMahon.
In 1941, Dr. Lester Block began his work at the Silicon Chemistry Research Center at the University of Florida. His work mainly focuses on the study of organosilanes. The earliest organosilanes were synthesized by Frederic Kipping in 1901, but then Charles F. Blow considered these alkylsilanes to be unlikely to exist. Thus, in Dr. Bullock's work, he and his research team discovered product, the first organosilane synthesized in their research.
What are the side effects of this compound?
1.Side effects on human health
Skin and eye contact
This substance is corrosive and may cause skin and eye burns. When the skin or eyes come into contact with the compound, immediately rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention as soon as possible. After contact, symptoms such as redness, swelling, pain, and blisters may appear on the skin. In severe cases, it may lead to skin necrosis and scar formation.
Respiratory irritation
The vapor or aerosol of this substance may cause irritation to the respiratory tract. After inhalation, symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, and chest tightness may occur. Long term exposure or inhalation of high concentration vapors may lead to respiratory diseases such as bronchitis, asthma, etc.

Effects on the digestive system
If the substance is ingested or ingested by mistake, it may have adverse effects on the digestive system. Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may occur. In severe cases, it may lead to serious consequences such as gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation.
Neurological effects
Long term exposure may have adverse effects on the nervous system. Symptoms such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, and insomnia may occur. In severe cases, it may lead to neurological disorders such as neurasthenia, encephalopathy, etc.
Other impacts
It may also have adverse effects on the immune system, endocrine system, reproductive system, etc. Long term exposure may lead to issues such as weakened immunity, endocrine disorders, and abnormal reproductive function.
2.Side effects on the environment
Pollution of waters
If this substance leaks into the water, it may have toxic effects on aquatic organisms. It may disrupt the balance of aquatic ecosystems, leading to the death or reduction of aquatic organisms. In addition, it may also be transmitted through the food chain, posing a potential threat to human health.
Soil pollution
If it leaks into the soil, it may have adverse effects on the soil ecosystem. It may alter the physical and chemical properties of soil, affecting soil fertility and plant growth. In addition, it may also infiltrate into groundwater systems through soil infiltration, causing pollution to groundwater.
Air pollution
It may produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during production and use, which can form photochemical smog in the atmosphere and have adverse effects on air quality. Long term exposure to photochemical smog may lead to health problems such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
3.Safe use and protective measures
Safe operation
When using, safety operating procedures and chemical safety usage guidelines should be strictly followed. Operators should wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as protective clothing, gloves, goggles, and respiratory protective equipment. During the operation, the workplace should be well ventilated to avoid prolonged exposure to high concentration vapors. Avoid direct contact with skin and eyes, and avoid inhaling vapors or aerosols.
Storage and transportation
This substance should be stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated place, away from sources of fire and heat. The storage container should be well sealed to prevent leakage and volatilization. During transportation, appropriate packaging and protective measures should be taken to ensure that chemicals do not leak or pollute the environment. Comply with relevant transportation regulations and chemical safety transportation guidelines.
Emergency response
If a leak or accident occurs, emergency measures should be taken immediately, such as cutting off the leak source, evacuating personnel, and wearing respiratory protective equipment. Use appropriate absorbent materials (such as sand, activated carbon, etc.) to absorb the leaked material and collect it in a safe container. Avoid using open flames or tools that generate sparks to prevent fires or explosions. Report the accident situation to relevant departments in a timely manner and handle it according to relevant regulations.
Development prospects
1. Continued research interest:
With a deeper understanding of triphenylchlorosilane, more and more researchers are paying attention to its potential applications in various fields. New research achievements continue to emerge, promoting the application expansion and performance improvement of triphenylchlorosilane.
2. Market demand growth:
With the advancement of technology and the development of industries, the demand for high-performance and special functional silicone materials continues to grow. Triphenylchlorosilane, as a key raw material for preparing these materials, has also seen an increase in market demand.
3. Development direction
Deepen application research:
Further explore the potential and performance advantages of triphenylchlorosilane in various fields, and promote its application expansion.
Optimize preparation process:
Research and develop more efficient and environmentally friendly preparation process for triphenylchlorosilane, reduce production costs, and improve production efficiency.
Develop downstream products:
Increase the development efforts of downstream products of triphenylchlorosilane, broaden its application scope, and improve market competitiveness.
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