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Acetanilide solution, also known as acetanilide, is an organic chemical substance with the molecular formula C8H9NO and CAS 103-84-4. White glossy flaky crystals or white crystalline powder, odorless, slightly charred. Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in hot water, methanol, ethanol, ether, chloroform, acetone, glycerol, and benzene. It is a raw material and intermediate for sulfonamide drugs, rubber vulcanization accelerators, dyes, and synthetic camphor. It can also be used as an analytical reagent, standard sample for quantitative analysis of organic elements (C, H, N), detection of cerium, chromium, lead, nitrate and nitrite, stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide, and also used in the pharmaceutical industry. It is a raw material for sulfonamide drugs and can be used as an analgesic, antipyretic, and preservative. In addition, it can also be used to manufacture dye intermediates such as p-nitroacetanilide, p-nitroaniline, and p-phenylenediamine. In industry, N-acetylaniline can be used as a rubber vulcanization accelerator, a stabilizer for fiber lipid coatings, a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide, and for the synthesis of camphor, etc
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Chemical Formula |
C10H21NO4Si |
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Exact Mass |
247 |
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Molecular Weight |
247 |
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m/z |
247 (100.0%), 248 (10.8%), 248 (5.1%), 249 (3.3%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 48.56; H, 8.56; N, 5.66; O, 25.87; Si, 11.35 |
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Synthesis of acetanilide: obtained by acetylation of acid.
Place aniline and glacial acetic acid in the glass lined reactor and reflux until there is no free aniline. If dilute acetic acid is used, the reaction temperature is 150-160 ℃. After the reaction, filter while hot to remove the residue. The filtrate is cooled, crystallized, centrifuged, washed with water and dried to obtain the product.
Acetic anhydride can also be used as acylating agent, and the reaction is carried out in benzene solution, with an excess of acetic anhydride of 150%.
Operation example 1:
Four reaction tanks are arranged in a trapezoidal manner, and the highest reaction tank is equipped with a fractionation column. Aniline is continuously added from the top of the fractionation column, the mixture of recovered acetic cid and aniline is continuously added from the second reaction tank, and acetic cid is continuously added from the third reaction tank. Control different reaction temperatures to make acetic cid and aniline undergo gas-liquid phase convection reaction. The water produced by the reaction is evaporated from the top of the fractionation column, and the acetylated stream flows into the fourth reaction tank, and then is pumped into the distillation tank. The unconverted aniline and acetic cid are evaporated under reduced pressure. The reaction product is cooled into sheets to obtain acetanilide. The yield was 99.5%.
Operation example 2:
First put aniline and 3 / 10 amount of acetic cid (more than 60%) into the acylation pot, heat it, slowly add 1 / 10 amount of acetic cid, heat it to boiling, collect the fractionated dilute acetic cid, and slowly add 4 / 10 amount of concentrated acetic cid or glacial acetic cid to the pot for reaction for 7h. The remaining 2 / 10 amount of glacial acetic cid is added for the last time, and then refluxed and fractionated. When the concentration of fractionated acetic cid is more than 85%, vacuum distillation is carried out to distill the remaining acetic cid. Discharging, cooling and crushing are finished products.
Glacial acetic cid is mostly used as acylating agent in the production of acetanilide solution by aniline acylation. The following method can be used for laboratory preparation: add 20.5g (0.22mol) aniline, 21.5g (0.21mol) acetic anhydride, 21g (0.35mol) glacial acetic cid and 0.1g zinc powder into a 500ml flask with reflux condenser. After mixing, slowly heat and boil for half an hour. Then, the hot reactant was poured into 500 ml of cold water in a thin flow, stirred, and cooled with ice. Filtered and dried to obtain 26G of crude product. And purified by recrystallization with ethanol and water.
N-acetylaniline, with the chemical formula C8H9NO, is an important organic compound with multiple applications, playing a crucial role in various fields such as medicine, chemical engineering, and pesticides.
1. Drug raw materials
Synthesis of Sulfonamide Drugs
It is an indispensable raw material and intermediate in the production of sulfonamide drugs. Sulfonamide drugs are an important class of antibacterial drugs that exert their antibacterial effects by inhibiting bacterial folate metabolism, and have inhibitory effects on various Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In the synthsis process of sulfonamide drugs, it participates in the construction of the basic skeleton of the drug, providing a structural basis for the drug to exert antibacterial effects. For example, it can be used to prepare drugs such as sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethoxazole.
Synthesis of other drugs
Or the synthsis of precursor penicillin and other pharmaceutical intermediates. In the process of drug synthsis, it can introduce specific functional groups or structural fragments through chemical reactions, thereby constructing drug molecules with specific pharmacological activities.
In addition, it has also been used as an analgesic, antipyretic, and preservative, but due to its greater toxicity than other drugs in some pharmacological applications, it can cause methemoglobinemia, damage the liver and kidneys, and has been largely replaced by less toxic drugs, especially acetaminophen (a metabolite of acetanilide).
Pharmaceutical related applications
Pharmaceutical Industry
Acetanilide solution is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. It can be used to prepare various drug formulations, providing guarantees for the stability and effectiveness of drugs. For example, it may be used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations to regulate the solubility, stability, and other properties of drugs.
Analytical reagents
Can be used as an analytical reagent to play a role in drug analysis and quality control. It can be used to detect impurities in drugs, determine the content of drugs, etc., to ensure that the quality of drugs meets standards.
1. Rubber vulcanization accelerator
It can be used as a rubber vulcanization accelerator in the rubber industry. Rubber vulcanization is an important step in the rubber processing, which can form cross-linked structures between rubber molecular chains, thereby improving the strength, elasticity, wear resistance and other properties of rubber. As a rubber vulcanization accelerator, it can accelerate the vulcanization reaction, shorten the vulcanization time, improve production efficiency, and also improve the performance of rubber products.
3. Synthetic camphor
Can be used for synthesizing camphor. Camphor is an organic compound with a unique odor that has functions such as insect repellent, preservative, and analgesic. It is widely used in the fields of medicine, spices, insecticides, and more. In the process of synthesizing camphor, as one of the raw matrials, it is converted into camphor through a series of chemical reactions.
2. In the field of dyes and pigments
Dye intermediate
It is an important intermediate in the dye industry, which can be used to manufacture various dye intermediates such as p-nitroacetanilide, p-nitroaniline, and p-phenylenediamine. These dye intermediates can be further reacted to synthesize various brightly colored and high-performance dyes, which are widely used in coloring processes in industries such as textiles, leather, and papermaking.
Pigment synthesis
It also has certain applications in pigment synthsis. It can participate in the synthsis of certain specific pigments, providing them with specific colors and properties. For example, it may be used to synthesize some organic yellow pigments, such as C.I.1, C.I.12, etc., which have good light resistance, weather resistance, and coloring power.
Other chemical applications
Stabilizers for hydrogen peroxide
Can be used as a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is a commonly used oxidant and bleach, but it is prone to decomposition during storage and use. N-acetylaniline can inhibit the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide, prolong its shelf life, and improve its effectiveness.
Stabilizers for Fiber Fat Coatings
In the preparation process of fiber lipid coatings, it can be used as a stabilizer. It can improve the performance of coatings, enhance their stability, adhesion, and durability, making them less prone to deterioration and delamination during storage and use.
Preparation of thioacetamide
Used for the production of thioacetamide. Thioacetamide is an important organic synthsis reagent that can be used in the production of catalysts, stabilizers, polymerization inhibitors, electroplating additives, photographic drugs, pesticides, dyeing auxiliaries, and mineral processing agents.
Pesticide field
1. Pesticide intermediates
It is an important intermediate in pesticide synthsis. It can participate in the synthsis of various pesticides, such as fungicides such as seed mix. In the process of pesticide synthsis, specific functional groups are introduced through chemical reactions to endow pesticide molecules with specific biological activities, enabling them to exert control over harmful organisms such as pests and bacteria. In addition, it can also be used as a raw material for the pesticide herbicide "Huangcao Ling".
2. Pesticide related applications
Formulation
May be used as one of the components in pesticide formulations to improve the physical and chemical properties of pesticides. For example, it can improve the solubility, stability, and dispersibility of pesticides, allowing them to better mix with water or other solvents, making it easier to spray and use.
adjuvants
In some cases, amines can also be used as pesticide adjuvants. Pesticide adjuvants can enhance the efficacy of pesticides, reduce their usage, and minimize environmental pollution. It is possible to enhance the effectiveness of pesticide control by improving the adhesion and permeability of pesticides on plant surfaces.
In the field of analytical chemistry
1. Complexometric titration indicator
Can be used as a complexometric titration indicator. In complexometric titration, it can form complexes with metal ions and indicate the arrival of the titration endpoint through color changes. This indicator has the advantages of high sensitivity and good accuracy, and has broad application prospects in fields such as environmental monitoring and food safety.
2. Other analytical applications
In addition to serving as a complexometric titration indicator, it may also play a role in other analytical chemical methods. For example, it may be used in chromatographic analysis, spectroscopic analysis, etc. as a pre-treatment reagent or analytical reagent for samples, helping analysts to more accurately determine the composition and content of the sample.
1. As a culture medium for producing penicillin G
It can be used as a culture medium for producing penicillin G, providing necessary nutrition and environmental conditions for the production of penicillin G, and promoting the synthsis and accumulation of penicillin G.
2. Application in Organic Synthesis
Acetanilide solution is an important organic synthsis raw material that can be used to synthesize various organic compounds. In organic synthsis reactions, it can act as a reactant or intermediate, participating in the construction of complex organic molecular structures and providing possibilities for the synthsis of new compounds.
3. Cosmetics industry
In the cosmetics industry, acetanilide solution can be used as a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is commonly used in cosmetics for bleaching, disinfection, and other purposes, but it is unstable and prone to decomposition. It can stabilize hydrogen peroxide, extend its use period in cosmetics, and ensure the quality and safety of cosmetics.
4. Materials Science Field
Although there is currently relatively little research on direct applications in the field of matrials science, with the development of mateials science, it may have potential application value. For example, it may serve as a synthetic raw material or additive for certain functional matrials, endowing them with specific properties such as conductivity, optical properties, etc.
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