Permethrin is a commonly used synthetic insecticide, the chemical name is (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl-(+)-cis, trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, which is an organochlorine pesticide. It is a white or light yellow crystalline powder. The solubility in water is very low, only 0.002 mg/L at 20°C, but the solubility in organic solvents is relatively high, for example, the solubility in organic solvents such as ether, toluene, and chloroform is greater than 50 g/L.
Permethrin is a synthetic chemical that belongs to a family of compounds called cypermethrins. It is a unique chemical that can be used to treat many different types of animal parasites, including head lice, body lice, sugar pine aphids, pollen worms, and more. Permethrin is also used to control pests on some crops, such as beet armyworm, whitefly, and whitefly. In addition, Permethrin is also widely used in fireproof treatment and antiseptic treatment of textiles and building materials, as well as disinfection and disinfection treatment in agriculture.
1. To treat head and body lice:
Permethrin is widely used medically to treat head and body lice. It can be used in the preparation of shower gel, shampoo, lotion and other drugs to help humans eliminate the parasitism of head and body lice. Permethrin works by killing the lice to reduce the symptoms of an infection.
2. For pet disinfection:
Permethrin can also be used to treat parasitic infections in pets such as ear mites in dogs and cats, mange mites, folliculoric mites, and lice in cats. Permethrin is added to various pet sanitizing toiletries and can effectively reduce the number of parasites on and around pets.
3. Agricultural disinfection and pest control:
Permethrin is also widely used in agriculture for disinfection and pest control. It can help farmers increase yields and prevent crop losses. For example, Permethrin can be used to control corn borer, whitefly, leaf roller and other pests.
4. Fire prevention and anticorrosion of textiles:
Permethrin can be added to textiles to keep clothing from catching fire or in a fire. Its fireproof effect is remarkable, which can effectively prevent the fabric from burning. In addition, Permethrin can also prevent textiles from being attacked by moths and other insects, prolonging the life of textiles.
5. Fire protection and anti-corrosion of building materials:
Permethrin can also be added to building materials as a fire and preservative. For example, Permethrin can be added to wood protectants to help protect wood from problems such as moth, mildew, and decay.
Chemical properties:
1. Stable properties: Permethrin is relatively stable under certain conditions and is not easy to decompose, so it has excellent properties such as rain washing and not easy to lose.
2. Toxicity: Permethrin has low toxicity to higher organisms such as mammals, but has a strong poisonous effect on lower organisms such as insects.
3. Reynolds number: The Reynolds number of Permethrin is very small, so it can form an emulsion on water to improve the insecticidal effect.
4. pH value: The pH value of Permethrin has the best effect in neutral or slightly acidic environment.
5. Thermal stability: Permethrin can exist for a long time above 95°C, and has strong thermal stability.
Reaction nature:
1. Photodecomposition reaction: Permethrin molecules contain multiple methylene groups, which are easily decomposed by ultraviolet radiation, causing Permethrin to lose its insecticidal effect.
2. Hydrolysis reaction: In an acidic or alkaline environment, the ester bond in the Permethrin molecule is easily decomposed by water, resulting in the loss of the insecticidal effect of Permethrin.
3. Oxidation reaction: Permethrin is easily oxidized by oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, resulting in changes in molecular structure and reduced insecticidal effect.
In conclusion, Permethrin has a wide range of uses and is a very useful chemical. However, it also has some potential side effects and health risks that need to be carefully researched and evaluated before use.
Permethrin is a synthetic pesticide mainly used to kill and repel insects. It is a nerve agent that attracts insects and kills them when it encounters them. Permethrin was originally developed for use in agriculture, but it is now also widely used in home farming and consumer products such as anti-flea collars for dogs and household insecticides.
Permethrin was originally developed by the British company Imperial Chemicals. In the 1950s, the company dabbled in the production of DDT (dichlorobenzenetrichloroethane), but when DDT's toxicity became public concern, the company began looking for other compounds as alternatives. At this time, a British chemist Maureen Roberts began research and development of amide insecticides.
Amide insecticides consist of a group of compounds known in the Soviet Union as "glyphosate". One of the compounds was developed as an antihelminth drug and the other as a new and highly effective insecticide. The latter is what is known today as Permethrin.
Maureen Roberts used one of the most advanced separation techniques in the world, the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) separation method, in her research. Through HPLC, she was able to obtain a pure compound and study the neurotoxicity of the compound. In this study, she discovered a new type of compound that has specific effects on the nervous system of the pest. The compound irritates the insect's nerve endings, leading to nerve paralysis and death.
In 1959, Permethrin was officially launched by Imperial Chemicals, initially for the protection against a tropical mosquito-borne disease known as West Asian fever. Permethrin is highly regarded for its high potency and low toxicity. Soon, products using Permethrin included bed sheets, mosquito repellants, and household insecticides, making it a compound with broad insect-fighting activity.
Over the next few decades, the use of permethrin expanded to include fields such as agriculture, veterinary medicine, and public health. Additionally, due to its low toxicity, Permethrin is widely used in household and everyday items such as clothing, tents and umbrellas to provide an extra measure of protection.
In short, the discovery history of Permethrin is a long period of exploration and discovery. Through meticulous research and scientific technology, people have discovered a new type of insecticide, which is widely used in people's living and working environments.