Propylene oxide, also known as propylene oxide, methyl ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, has a chemical formula of C3H6O. It is a very important raw material for organic compounds and is the third-largest propylene after polypropylene and acrylonitrile. Class derivatives. The following is an introduction about what is propylene oxide.
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Physical and chemical properties
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Chemical activity
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Safe toxicity
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Physical and chemical properties
Propylene oxide is a colorless, transparent, low-boiling flammable liquid under normal temperature and pressure, with an ether-like odor; the industrial product of propylene oxide is a racemic mixture of two optical isomers. Freezing point -112.13℃, boiling point 34.24℃, relative density (20/20℃) 0.859, refractive index (nD) 1.3664, viscosity (25℃) 0.28 mPa·S. Partly miscible with water [solubility in water at 20°C: 40.5% (weight); water solubility in propylene oxide: 12.8% (weight)], miscible with ethanol, ether, and dichloromethane, pentane, pentene, Cyclopentane, cyclopentene, etc. form a binary azeotrope.
Chemical activity
Properties: Diethyl ether, methanol, ethanol, and other solvents are mutually soluble. Propylene oxide is chemically active, easy to ring-opening polymerization, and can react with water, ammonia, alcohol, carbon dioxide, etc. to form corresponding compounds or polymers. Polymerize on a compound containing more than two active hydrogens, and the resulting polymer is generally called polyether polyol.
Propionaldehyde, isopropanolamine, polyether, petroleum demulsifier, defoamer, synthetic glycerin, organic acid, etc., can be used as chemical raw materials such as synthetic resin, foam, plasticizer, and surfactant; can also be used as nitrocellulose Low-boiling solvents of organic substances such as resin, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, chloroprene, etc.
Safe toxicity
Propylene oxide products are flammable and should be stored in a ventilated, dry, low-temperature (below 25°C) shade, and should not be exposed to direct sunlight and isolated from fire.
Propylene oxide is toxic. Liquid propylene oxide can cause burns to the skin and cornea. Its vapor has irritation and mild anesthesia. Prolonged inhalation of propylene oxide vapor can cause nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, and diarrhea... All personnel who come into contact with propylene oxide should wear prescribed protective equipment, and the workplace should comply with national safety and environmental protection regulations.
Propylene oxide is a flammable and explosive chemical, and its vapor will decompose. Avoid using copper, silver, magnesium, and other metals to process and store propylene oxide. Also avoid excessive contamination of propylene oxide by acid salts (such as tin chloride, zinc chloride), alkalis, and tertiary amines. Special foam liquid should be used to extinguish fires caused by propylene oxide.
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