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Imidacloprid moxidectin spot on is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic compound formulation, mainly composed of the neonicotinoid insecticide Imidacloprid and the macrolide anti nematode drug Moxidectin. The drug exerts a dual mechanism of action through skin absorption: Imidacloprid interferes with the insect nervous system, causing paralysis and death, rapidly killing adult fleas, and blocking their reproductive cycle; Moxifloxacin effectively prevents canine heartworm infection by enhancing the sensitivity of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, and has a killing effect on intestinal parasites such as hookworms, roundworms, and whipworms.
In clinical applications, this preparation is used once a month for external deworming of dogs and cats, which can simultaneously treat skin parasitic diseases such as flea infections, ear mites, scabies mites, and prevent the spread of heartworm disease. Research has shown that its cure rate for cat comb mites and dog scabies mites exceeds 95%, and its inhibitory effect on flea eggs can last for more than 4 weeks. The product formulation is designed as a drop, which is administered through the back and spine points to ensure even distribution of the drug. Within 48 hours, a protective film can be formed on the sebum layer.
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Formulation specifications and dosage forms
Product Name: Advantage Multi ® (Bayer), Aivok ® (Domestic Common Name)
Dosage form: Topical drops (solution)
Specifications:
For dogs:
0.4 mL (containing 40 mg of imidachloprid and 10 mg of moxifloxacin)
1.0 mL (containing 100 mg of imidachlopridand 25 mg of moxifloxacin)
2.5 mL (containing 250 mg of imidachloprid and 62.5 mg of moxifloxacin)
4.0 mL (containing 400 mg of imidachloprid and 100 mg of moxifloxacin)
For cats: 0.4 mL (containing 40 mg of imidachloprid and 4 mg of moxifloxacin)
Scope of application: Dogs and cats weighing ≥ 1 kg and aged ≥ 7 weeks.
Packaging form: Independently packaged with aluminum-plastic tubes, each box contains 3-6 tubes, sealed and stored, with a shelf life of 36 months.
Storage and disposal
1. Storage conditions
Temperature: 0-30 ℃ (avoid freezing or high temperature).
Light exposure: Store in the dark to prevent UV degradation.
Container: Keep the original packaging and avoid contact with children.
2. Waste disposal
Unused drugs: handed over to the hazardous waste recycling point designated by the veterinary clinic or drug regulatory department.
Empty packaging: Recycled as plastic products to avoid polluting water sources.
Pollution treatment: If the lmidacloprid moxidectin spot on splashes onto the skin or clothing, immediately wash with soapy water; If it splashes into the eyes, rinse with clean water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
1. Core indications
(1) Indications for dogs
Prevention of Lymphatic Filariasis:
To prevent heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis in dogs, monthly medication can 100% block the development of the third stage larvae (L3) into adults.
Clinical studies have shown that for dogs infected with microfilaments, using it twice in a row can clear over 98% of circulating microfilaments.
External parasite treatment:
Fleas (cat flea, dog flea): The killing rate is ≥ 99% within 24 hours, and the effective period lasts for 4 weeks.
Mites (ear itch mites, scabies mites, demodex mites): The cure rate of treating ear mite infections is 92% after 30 days of follow-up after a single medication.
Control of internal parasites:
Intestinal nematodes (roundworms, hookworms, whipworms): The killing rate of adult and L ₄ - stage larvae of canine roundworms is 99.5%.
Vascular roundworm: can eliminate over 95% of adult and larval worms.
Adjuvant therapy: Inflammation control of flea allergic dermatitis (FAD).
(2) Indications for cats
Prevention of Heartworm Filariasis: Using the same mechanism as in dogs, it is suitable for year-round prevention of cats in high-risk areas.
External parasites:
Fleas: The 24-hour killing rate of fleas on cat comb heads is 99.8%, and the 48 hour holding efficiency is 96.8%.
Ear mites: The cure rate is 91% after 28 days of re examination after a single dose of medication.
Parasites in the body:
Ascaris (cat head roundworm) and hookworm (tubular hookworm): eradication rate ≥ 98%.
Adjuvant treatment: Allergic dermatitis caused by fleas.
2. Pharmacodynamics
Imidacloprid:
Within one hour after medication, it is distributed in the body's epidermal lipid layer, forming a film that continues to kill insects.
The killing effect on flea eggs and larvae in the environment can last for 6 weeks.
Moxicotin:
The peak blood drug concentration (Cmax) is reached 4-9 days after medication, and it is distributed throughout the body and metabolized by the liver, with a half-life of approximately 18 days.
The killing effect on internal worms (such as heartworms) within the organization can last for one month.
Synergy effect:
Imidacloprd rapidly kills surface parasites, while moxifloxacin continuously eliminates internal parasites, forming a "dual killing" effect.
Imidacloprid moxidectin spot on comparison shows that the 12 hour flea killing rate (100%) of combination therapy is significantly better than that of single use of selegiline (69.4%).
Safety and Adverse Reactions
imidachloprid:
Acute oral LD in rats: 450 mg/kg for males and 480 mg/kg for females.
Acute percutaneous LD of rats is greater than 5 g/kg.
No irritation or mutagenicity to rabbit eyes and skin.
Moxicotin:
Acute oral LD of rats: 320 mg/kg for males and 380 mg/kg for females.
Dogs with MDR1 gene mutations, such as Collies, should strictly avoid licking as it may cause neurological symptoms such as tremors and dilated pupils.
Common reactions (incidence rate 1% -10%):
Transient itching, hair adhesion, and erythema at the medication site.
Gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting, diarrhea).
Rare reactions (incidence<1%):
Neurological symptoms (excitement, tremors, nystagmus).
Behavioral changes (loss of appetite, drowsiness).
Serious risk:
Dogs with positive heartworm infection may experience respiratory symptoms (coughing, difficulty breathing) after medication and require immediate veterinary intervention.
Collies may experience moxifloxacin poisoning after accidentally licking, and emergency use of activated charcoal is required for detoxification.
Absolute taboo:
Puppies/kittens under 7 weeks old.
Animals allergic to imidachloprid or moxifloxacin.
Cat preparations are prohibited for dogs, and dog preparations are prohibited for cats.
Relative taboos:
Pregnant and lactating animals require veterinary evaluation.
Animals weighing less than 1 kg need to adjust their dosage.
Dogs with grade 4 heart disease are prohibited (safety has not been evaluated).
Operating standards:
Prevent animals from licking within 30 minutes after medication, and children should avoid contact with the medication site within 2 hours.
Frequent bathing (>once a week) may reduce the efficacy of the medication. It is recommended to take a shower 48 hours after taking the medication.
Collies and other breeds are required to wear Elizabethan collars to prevent licking.
Clinical research and evidence
Research Design: Evaluation of post infection medication in 88 beagle dogs aged 6-8 months in 3 laboratories.
Result:
The combination of imidachloprid and moxifloxacin completely blocks the development of adult heartworms.
The infection rate of heartworm worms in the imidachloprid group was 100% (with an average of 28 adult worms infected per dog).
Soaking in water 5 times or showering for 90 minutes after medication does not affect its efficacy.
Study Design: Comparison of Medications Used after KS1 Flea Strain Infection in 24 Cats (imidachloprid+Moxibustin vs Celaserin).
Result:
After 12 hours of medication, the combination group had a 100% killing rate, while the Celecomycin group had a 69.4% killing rate.
After 28 days of medication, the combination group had a 24-hour retention rate of 98.9%, while the Celecocin group had a retention rate of 87.1%.
Research Design: Conduct a 90 day subchronic toxicity test on rats at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day.
Result:
The 20 mg/kg group showed weight gain inhibition (12% lower than the control group).
The relative weight of the liver and kidneys increased, but there were no histological changes.
The NOEL is determined to be 10 mg/kg/day.
Usage and dosage
Weighing: Confirm the animal's weight and select the corresponding specifications.
Partition administration:
Dog: Imidacloprid moxidectin spot on the medicine onto the skin from the scapula to the buttocks, divided into 3-4 drops.
Cat: Drip onto the skin behind the head and neck to prevent licking.
Observation: Monitor animals within 30 minutes after medication and avoid licking each other's fur.
Record: Mark the next medication date on the calendar, ensuring once a month.
Dogs: 10 mg imidachloprid+2.5 mg moxifloxacin per 1 kg body weight (i.e. 0.1 mL/kg).
Cat: 10 mg imidachloprid+1 mg moxifloxacin per 1 kg body weight (i.e. 0.1 mL/kg).
Example:
A 10 kg dog requires a 1.0 mL specification (100 mg imidachloprid+25 mg moxifloxacin).
A 4 kg cat requires a 0.4 mL specification (40 mg imidachloprid+4 mg moxifloxacin).
Remedial measures for missed use: If missed for 1-2 weeks, immediately replenish and adjust the subsequent cycle; If missed for more than 2 weeks, a veterinarian needs to evaluate whether retesting for heartworm is necessary.
Excessive risk: A single dose exceeding twice the recommended amount may cause neurological symptoms, and vomiting should be induced and activated carbon adsorption should be used.
Drug interactions: Avoid combination with macrolide insecticides such as ivermectin and doramectin to prevent overdose of moxifloxacin.
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