Abscisic Acid Powder CAS 14375-45-2

(1) Abscisic acid is an effective inhibitor of seed germination, and it exists as a major growth inhibitor in many dormant seeds of plants. Many plant seeds can be soaked in abscisic acid to prevent germination, and its effect is reversible. It is easy to be washed out of treated seeds and restore growth again. Therefore, abscisic acid can be used to inhibit seed germination and is used for seed storage.

(2) Abscisic acid can promote the accumulation of storage substances, especially storage proteins and sugars, in seeds and fruits. Applying abscisic acid externally during the early stages of seed and fruit development can achieve the goal of increasing the yield of grain crops and fruit trees.

(3) Abscisic acid can enhance the drought and salt tolerance of plants, and has high application value in helping humans resist increasingly arid environments, developing and utilizing low yield fields, and afforestation.

(4) Applying exogenous abscisic acid to wheat and other crops can inhibit stem elongation, increase spike weight, and resist crop lodging; Low concentration abscisic acid can promote the formation and redifferentiation of adventitious roots, and has broad application prospects in tissue culture.
Abscisic acid is a natural substance commonly found in plants, which is naturally present in fruits, vegetables, and grains consumed by humans and is safe for both humans and the environment. The raw materials used in the production process of abscisic acid raw materials are non-toxic and harmless agricultural and sideline products, with no harmful elements or substances added, and no toxic elements present in their chemical structure.

(3) Abscisic acid can enhance the cold and frost resistance of plants, and can be applied to help crops resist low temperature damage during early spring and cultivate new crop varieties with strong cold resistance. In the Xiaotian experiment conducted in Beijing, Xindong No.2 winter wheat was soaked in 10~6 M for 24 hours. It was sown on October 26 of the first year at the experimental site. When the wheat seedlings first emerged, they entered the cold winter. When they turned green the following year, the survival rate of the control group was 51.4%, while that of the abscisic acid soaked group reached 96.3%.

The effect of abscisic acid on improving wheat cold resistance has two characteristics: firstly, it can enhance cold resistance without inhibiting growth; Secondly, it can induce an increase in cold resistance under warm conditions. The cold resistance of plants can only be developed by exercising at low temperatures. The characteristics of abscisic acid not only have important significance for exploring the expression and regulation of cold resistance genes, but also may bring hope for preventing late spring cold damage to overwintering crops.

The biological testing method for ABA generally adopts the bean leaf (or cotton leaf) shedding method, in which the lanolin paste of the test substance is applied to the residual end of the opposite leaf stalk, and the shedding speed is observed. In addition, the method of inhibiting elongation of oat or wheat embryo sheath segments is also used.

ABA is a strong growth inhibitor that can inhibit the growth of whole plants or isolated organs. ABA has the opposite effect on growth compared to IAA, GA, and CTK, as it inhibits cell division and elongation. It inhibits the elongation and growth of organs such as the embryonic sheath, tender branches, roots, and embryonic axis.

In the short days of autumn, the ABA content in the leaves of many woody plants increases, promoting the buds to enter dormancy. Applying ABA to the vigorously growing branches of these woody plants can cause bud dormancy. The dormant buds of potatoes also contain a significant amount of ABA. Therefore, ABA can be used to treat potatoes to prolong their dormancy period. The germination of seeds such as lettuce and radish is also inhibited by ABA. Red pine, peach, chestnut, maple and other dormant seeds contain a high amount of ABA.

After several months of low-temperature stratification treatment, the ABA content in the seeds decreased and the germination rate significantly increased. But the level of ABA content is not necessarily the direct cause of seed dormancy. The ABA content in the outer skin of Pinus koraiensis seeds is high. After washing with water, the ABA content significantly decreased, but the germination rate remained low. Further analysis of the ABA content in the seeds of Yunnan pine, Pinus tabulaeformis, Huashan pine, and Pinus tabulaeformis revealed that some pine seeds also have high ABA content but do not exhibit dormancy. For example, the ABA content of non dormant Pinus armandii seeds is about 10 times higher than that of dormant Pinus koraiensis seeds.

Adjust the opening of the air vent. There are two signaling pathways through which ABA regulates stomatal closure: promoting stomatal closure and inhibiting stomatal opening. Under water deficient conditions, the content of ABA in plant leaves increases, causing stomatal closure. This is because ABA promotes the efflux of potassium ions, chloride ions, and malic acid ions, which in turn promotes stomatal closure. Spraying ABA aqueous solution on plant leaves can close stomata and reduce transpiration rate. Therefore, ABA can serve as an anti transpiration agent. In addition, ABA inhibits the action of potassium ions and proton pumps, thereby suppressing stomatal opening.

In recent years, it has been noted that endogenous ABA plays an important role as a positive regulatory factor during seed embryo development. Endogenous ABA can promote normal embryo development and maturation, as well as inhibit premature germination. In immature embryo culture, exogenous ABA can accelerate the formation of certain specific storage proteins; If ABA is lacking, these embryos either cannot synthesize these proteins or form very little. This indicates that ABA levels during early and mid seed development control the accumulation of storage proteins.

Whether ABA also controls the accumulation of starch and fat in developing embryos is a question to be studied.

In addition, ABA can also serve as a substance for plant defense against salt, heat, and cold damage, which may be related to its ability to promote the generation of new stress proteins in plants. ABA can also promote flower bud differentiation in some fruit trees (such as apples) and induce flowering in some short day plants (such as blackcurrants) under long day conditions.

Generally speaking, adversity such as drought, cold, high temperature, salinity, and waterlogging can rapidly increase ABA in plants, while enhancing their stress resistance. ABA can significantly reduce the damage of high temperature to the ultrastructure of chloroplasts and increase their thermal stability; ABA can induce the re synthesis of certain enzymes and increase plant resistance to cold, waterlogging, and salt. Therefore, ABA is called a stress hormone or stress hormone.
Affects sexual differentiation
Gibberellin can induce male flowers in female plants of cannabis, which can be reversed by abscisic acid, but abscisic acid cannot induce female flowers in male plants.