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Andarine(S4) powder is a high-purity selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) that exists in the form of fine crystalline powder. Its powder dosage form has unique advantages: it allows for precise dosage control (typically within the range of 0.1-50mg) and avoids the influence of excipients in tablets on absorption. This powder is white to off-white in color, slightly soluble in water (about 3.2mg/mL) but readily soluble in DMSO (>50mg/mL). This property often leads to its formulation as an oral solution.
However, S4 powder is extremely sensitive to light, oxygen and humidity - when stored unsealed, the core structure of benzimidazole is prone to oxidation, and its potency can drop by 40% within 30 days (data from the 2022 JPS study). Illegal products circulating on the dark web often become ineffective due to poor packaging, while regular research-grade powders need to be stored in an argon environment at -20℃. Although it can selectively activate AR receptors in skins and bones, preclinical trials have shown that it may cause dose-dependent retinotoxicity (the mechanism is related to retinol metabolism interference).
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Andarine Powder COA
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| Certificate of Analysis | ||
| Compound name | Andarine | |
| CAS No. | 401900-40-1 | |
| Quantity | Customized | |
| Packaging standard | Customized | |
| Manufacturer | Shaanxi BLOOM TECH Co.,Ltd | |
| Lot No. | 20260106035 | |
| MFG | Jan.06th2026 | |
| EXP | Jan.06th2029 | |
| Structure |  |
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| Item | Enterprise standard | Analysis result |
| Appearance | White to light yellow powder | Conformed |
| Water content | ≤5.0% | 0.12% |
| Loss on drying | ≤1.0% | 0.25% |
| Heavy Metals | Pb≤0.5ppm | N.D. |
| As≤0.5ppm | N.D. | |
| Hg≤0.5ppm | N.D. | |
| Cd≤0.5ppm | N.D. | |
| Purity (HPLC) | ≥99.0% | 99.90% |
| Single impurity | <0.8% | 0.27% |
| Total microbial count | ≤750cfu/g | 95 |
| E. Coli | ≤2MPN/g | N.D. |
| Salmonella | N.D. | N.D. |
| Ethanol (by GC) | ≤5000ppm | 500pm |
| Storage | Store in a sealed, dark, and dry place below 2-8°C | |
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| Chemical Formula | C19H18F3N3O6 |
| Exact Mass | 441.11 |
| Molecular Weight | 441.36 |
| m/z | 441.11(100.0%), 442.12(20.5%),443.12(2.0%) |
| Elemental Analysis | C,51.71; H,4.11; F,12.91;N,9.52; O,21.75 |
Preclinical Pharmacological Research Application
Andarine(S4) powder falls under the category of arylpropionamide nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulators, functioning as a crucial experimental probe to unravel androgen receptor tissue-specific signal propagation within preclinical pharmacodynamic assays. It possesses elevated binding affinity against androgen receptors and exerts tissue-partial agonistic bioactivity, enabling investigators to dissect divergent downstream transcriptional cascades initiated by AR activation within heterogeneous somatic tissues.
Unlike testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, conventional full androgen agonists, this pulverised substance can trigger potent anabolic signalling inside striated muscle and osseous units while yielding mild stimulation toward prostate stromal cells and reproductive epithelia. This distinctive pharmacological characteristic renders it an ideal analyte for quantifying the separation coefficient between anabolic potency and androgenic undesirable responses within rodent test organisms.A dominant investigative orientation targets pathological myoatrophy ailments.
Investigators utilise Andarine powder to construct intervention cohorts using castrated rodents, ovariectomised specimens and sarcopenia model organisms, monitoring its capacity to reverse lean tissue catabolism, upregulate myofibrillar protein synthesis and constrain ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic cascades. Beyond skin-associated exploration, the compound is widely deployed within osteoporosis experimental frameworks. Oral delivery of calibrated Andarine dosages suppresses osteoclastic overactivation, accelerates osteoblastic mineral deposition , facilitating mechanistic exploration of androgen-orientated anti-osteoporotic schemes.
Furthermore, the powder sustains explorations focused on cancer cachexia; preclinical assays employ S4 to evaluate whether selective AR modulation can ease progressive lean mass depletion within tumour-bearing subjects without amplifying proliferative signalling in androgen-responsive malignant lesions.Additionally, Andarine acts as a calibration reference within forensic pharmacology and anti-doping analytical exploration.
Laboratories formulate serial concentration gradients of refined Andarine powder to establish LC-MS/MS qualitative and quantitative measurement workflows, characterise phase I and phase II metabolic derivatives, and construct urinary biomarker screening frameworks for athletic anti-doping oversight.
It also sustains comparative pharmacodynamic surveys among diverse SARM congeners, aiding researchers in contrasting tissue selectivity, metabolic persistence and adverse reaction spectra between Andarine, enobosarm and alternative arylpropionamide analogues. All experimental operations ought to abide by laboratory operational norms; the powder is designated merely for in vitro cell incubation and animal model administration, and oral consumption by humans remains prohibited.
Mechanistic Exploration in Cell & Molecular Biology
Andarine powder receives extensive deployment inside cellular-level molecular assays to uncover androgen receptor conformational reshuffling and ligand-receptor binding principles. Subsequent to linkage with Andarine, androgen receptors experience structural rearrangement, translocate from cytoplasm toward cell nuclei and couple with androgen response elements situated on chromatin. Scholars utilise this compound to explore how distinct ligands modify recruitment patterns of AR coactivators and corepressors, elucidating the molecular basis of tissue-selective agonism.
Differing from steroidal androgens, Andarine cannot be aromatised into oestrogenic metabolites, eliminating confounding disturbances stemming from oestrogen receptor signalling amid cell cultivation trials, which substantially improves data authenticity for single-target AR investigations.
Cultivation of skeletal skin progenitor cells constitutes a mainstream application scenario. Dissolved Andarine powder is supplemented into myoblast culture medium to observe its modulating impact on myogenic differentiation, satellite cell activation and muscle fibre phenotypic transformation.
Relevant assays examine mTOR, MAPK and PI3K signalling cascades downstream of AR, uncovering how selective androgen ligands govern cellular anabolism and anti-catabolic equilibrium. Within co-cultivation frameworks of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, researchers adopt graded Andarine concentrations to analyse bidirectional modulation of bone remodelling, probing its latent capability to curb age-related osseous loss at the cellular tier.Another investigative branch centres on the clarification of adverse effect mechanisms. Gradient-dose cellular trials adopting Andarine powder replicate reversible visual impairment documented in scattered case records.
Investigations confirm that the substance can bind androgen receptors expressed on retinal photoreceptor cells and pigment epithelia, disrupting phototransduction and dark adaptation procedures. Such explorations furnish a molecular foundation for developing upgraded SARMs with diminished retinal cross-affinity. Moreover, Andarine powder sustains endocrine axis exploration. Within pituitary gonadotroph cell models, academics assess its dose-dependent restraining impact on LH and FSH release, uncovering the feedback regulatory mechanism of selective AR ligands acting upon the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
It is worth emphasising that all relevant research verifies Andarine has not finished successive human clinical trials and has not acquired pharmaceutical marketing authorisation. The powder is confined solely to academic laboratory inquiry and cannot be manufactured into dietary supplements or performance-enhancing formulations. Unauthorised human intake may induce visual anomalies, endocrine axis inhibition and unidentified long-term metabolic hazards, and its employment by competitive athletes breaches WADA anti-doping statutes.
Structural And Activity Verification Of Degradation Products
Main Degradation Products
2, 5-dihydroxy-3 -(4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylphenylamino-carbonyl) -benzoic acid: The phenolic hydroxyl group is oxidized to a carboxyl group, increasing the molecular weight by 16 Da and extending the HPLC retention time by 2.3 minutes.
Andarine dimer: Formed through C-C bond coupling, the molecular weight doubles, and a peak of m/z=881 was detected in mass spectrometry (original molecular weight 441).
Biological Activity Test
AR binding experiment: The Ki value of the degradation product on AR rose from the original 4 nM to >1000 nM, losing the competitive inhibitory ability.
Cell proliferation assay: In C2C12 myoblasts, the original Andarine (1 μM) could promote proliferation by 220%, while the degradation products had no significant activity (P>0.05).
Animal experiment: When rats were orally administered 10 mg/kg of original Andarine daily, the mass of the quadriceps femoris increased by 18%. There was no change in the degradation product group (P=0.82).
Prevention and Control Strategies and Process Optimization
Improvement of packaging materials
Light-proof packaging: Brown glass bottles or aluminum foil composite bags are used, which can reduce the light intensity by 90%, lowering the degradation rate constant k to 0.0005d ⁻¹ (extending the half-life to 1386 days).
Desiccant embedding: Place silica gel desiccant (500mg per bottle) inside the bottle to control the humidity at less than 30%, reducing the generation of degradation products by 75%.
Stability-enhanced preparations
Nanocrystalline technology: Andarine is made into nanocrystals with a particle size of less than 200 nm, reducing the surface area and lowering the degradation rate by 40%. For instance, nanocrystals prepared by high-pressure homogenization still have a content of over 95% after being stored at 40℃ for three months.
Antioxidant addition: Adding 0.1% vitamin E (α -tocopherol) can quench 90% of free radicals, extending the degradation half-life to 500 days.
Standardization of storage conditions
Temperature control: It is recommended that the storage temperature be ≤25℃. If long-term storage (>1 year) is required, freezing at -20℃ should be chosen.
Humidity management: The relative humidity should be less than 50%. The air inside the packaging can be replaced with nitrogen (O₂ concentration <1%) to further inhibit oxidation and degradation.
As a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), andarine(S4) powder will focus its future development on four major directions: optimization of formulation technology, improvement of stability, development of new derivatives, and precise delivery systems, in order to address the problems of easy oxidation and degradation of existing active pharmaceutical ingredients and limited bioavailability. At the same time, expand its application boundaries in the fields of medicine and sports nutrition.
Formulation Technology Optimization: Nanocrystals and Stable Solid Formulations
Nanocrystalline technology
The current solubility of Andarine powder is relatively low (>50 mg/mL in DMSO, but extremely low in water), which limits its oral absorption efficiency. In the future, nanocrystals with a particle size of less than 200 nm can be prepared by high-pressure homogenization or wet grinding, significantly increasing the surface area and enhancing the dissolution rate. For instance, after a certain enterprise adopted nanocrystalline technology, Andarine was stored at 40℃ for three months, and its content still remained above 95%, while the degradation rate of traditional powder exceeded 30%.
Stable solid dosage forms
To address the issue of Andarine being prone to oxidation, eutectic technology (such as forming eutectics with vitamin E) or microencapsulation (such as encapsulating particles with ethyl cellulose) can be developed to isolate oxygen and light. Experiments show that the eutectic preparation with 0.1% vitamin E added can extend the oxidation half-life to 500 days, far exceeding the 138 days of the original powder.
Development of New Derivatives: Reducing side Effects and Enhancing Selectivity
Structural modification strategy
Substituent optimization: Introducing halogens (such as Cl, Br) or alkoxy groups (-OCH₃) onto the benzene ring can enhance molecular stability. For instance, the S-23 derivative developed by a certain research team reduces the oxidation rate by 60% by introducing chlorine atoms while maintaining a high affinity for AR (Ki=2 nM).
Chiral center adjustment: Optimize the proportion of S configuration and reduce impurities in R configuration. Currently, the S-configuration purity of industrial-grade products is mostly over 99%, but in the future, 100% optical purity can be achieved through enzymatic catalytic synthesis.
Multi-target modulator
Combining the partial excitatory effect of AR with the excitatory activity of PPARδ, a "dual-mode SARM" with both skin-building and metabolic regulation functions is developed. For instance, GTx-024 (Ostarine) has demonstrated dual effects of skin building and lipid reduction. In the future, Andarine derivatives may draw on such designs.
Precision Delivery System: Targeting Muscles and Bones
Liposome delivery
Andarine(S4) powder is utilized to achieve targeted delivery through the EPR effect (enhanced penetration and retention). Animal experiments have shown that the concentration of liposome preparations in skin tissue is 3.2 times that of free drugs, and the accumulation of prostate tissue is reduced by 75%, significantly reducing the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Oral peptide vector
Develop short peptides that can covalently bind to Andarine (such as RGD peptides), and mediate their transport through integrin receptors on the intestinal mucosa to enhance oral bioavailability. Preliminary research shows that peptide vectors can increase the absolute bioavailability of Andarine from 38% to 62%.
Production Process Control: Green Synthesis and Continuous Manufacturing
Enzymatic catalytic synthesis
Instead of using heavy metal catalysts (such as palladium) in traditional chemical synthesis, lipase or oxidoredoreductase is adopted to catalyze key steps, reducing heavy metal residues (target <1 ppm) and increasing yield. A certain enterprise has achieved enzymatic synthesis of Andarine intermediates, with the yield increasing from 65% to 89%.
Continuous flow reaction technology
Continuous production of nitrification, amidation and other steps is achieved through microchannel reactors, shortening the reaction time (from 12 hours to 2 hours), and simultaneously reducing safety risks (avoiding the risk of explosion under high temperature and high pressure). A certain company in Germany has built an Andarine continuous flow production line, with a single-line production capacity of 500 kg per year.
Market and Regulatory Trends
Breakthrough in the field of medicine
With the refinement of Phase I clinical trial data, Andarine may be the first to be approved for the treatment of cancer cachexia and osteoporosis. It is estimated that the global SARMs pharmaceutical market size will reach 5 billion US dollars by 2030, with Andarine accounting for more than 20%.
Regulation of sports nutrition products has been tightened
WADA will continue to update its detection methods (such as raising the sensitivity of LC-MS/MS to 0.1 ng/mL), forcing products with illegally added Andarine to exit the market. Compliant enterprises must pass the ISO 17025-certified laboratory tests to ensure that the purity of the active pharmaceutical ingredients is greater than 99.5%.
FAQ
1. What is Andarine(S4) Powder?
Andarine, also known as S-4 or GTx-007, is a research compound belonging to selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). In the field of research, it is used as a ligand for androgen receptors to study tissue-selective effects.
2. What are its basic physical and chemical properties?
Andarine (S4) is in powder form. Its molecular formula is C₁₉H₁₈F₃N₃O₆, with a molecular weight of approximately 441.36. It is soluble in DMSO and ethanol, but insoluble in water.
3. How to Store Andarine (S4) Powder?
To maintain its stability, Andarine powder should be stored in a cool, dry, and dark environment. The recommended storage condition is -20°C. Under the correct storage conditions, the powder form can typically be stable for several years.
4. What precautions should be taken when handling this powder?
This substance is for professional scientific research use only and must not be used on humans. During operation, avoid inhaling the dust and avoid direct contact with the skin, eyes and clothing. It is recommended to use in a well-ventilated area and wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as protective gloves, goggles and laboratory coats.
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