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S-acetyl glutathione powder, white crystalline powder, has antioxidant and integrative effects. CAS 3054-47-5, Molecular formula C12H19N3O7S, the thiol group on the cysteine residue in the molecule has strong nucleophilicity, which can reduce the polarity and toxicity of toxic electrophilic substances through nucleophilic substitution and addition reactions. The glutamic acid and cysteine containing nucleophilic sulfur atoms in the molecule of this substance belong to polar amino acids with negative charges. Therefore, combining molecules of electrophilic substances can enhance the water solubility of lipophilic parts (electrophilic substances refer to substances that are easily bound to negatively charged groups), making them easier to remove. The molecular weight of S-acetyl-L-glutathione is 307, and after forming an adduct, the molecular weight is significantly greater than 300, making it suitable for excretion from bile.
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Chemical Formula |
C12H19N3O7S |
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Exact Mass |
349 |
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Molecular Weight |
349 |
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m/z |
349 (100.0%), 350 (13.0%), 351 (4.5%), 351 (1.4%), 350 (1.1%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 41.26; H, 5.48; N, 12.03; O, 32.06; S, 9.18 |
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Physiological effects
Antioxidant effect
Neutralizing free radicals: It can bind with free radicals in the body, reduce their toxicity, and have a detoxifying effect. The cysteine in its molecular structure has reducibility, which can clear excess oxygen free radicals in the body, inhibit lipid peroxidation reaction, and effectively resist oxidative stress damage to cells.
Synergistic antioxidant effect: Studies have shown that when used in combination with other antioxidant components such as silymarin and vitamin E, it exhibits stronger synergistic antioxidant effects and performs well in reducing oxidative stress and protecting cellular health.
Liver protective effect
Reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response: It has a significant protective effect on liver health, can reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and optimize liver detoxification function.
Promoting liver repair: It can promote the synthesis of proteins in the liver, enhance the regenerative ability of liver cells, and help repair damaged liver tissue. At the same time, it can accelerate the metabolism of bilirubin, help improve the excretion function of the liver, and further protect liver health.
Pharmacological action of S-acetyl glutathione powder: s-acetyl-l-glutathione is a tripeptide compound containing sulfhydryl groups. It has important physiological activities in human body, such as activating redox system, activating enzymes, detoxifying 2 Effects and so on. S-acetyl-l-glutathione exists in the body in two forms: reduced and oxidized. Its active component is reduced s-acetyl-l-glutathione, which participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glucose metabolism in the body, promotes the production of high energy in the body, and plays a coenzyme role. Reduced s-acetyl-l-glutathione is the coenzyme of glyceraldehyde phosphate deoxygenase, glyoxalase and triose phosphate deaminase. Reduced s-acetyl-l-glutathione can activate sh enzymes in the body, promote the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein, and regulate the metabolic process of cell membrane. Reduced s-acetyl-l-glutathione can combine with a variety of exogenous and endogenous toxic substances to produce attenuated substances. S-acetyl-l-glutathione can not only be used in drugs, but also as the base material of functional food.
S-Acetyl-L-Glutathione (SAG), as an important derivative of glutathione, has shown extensive application value in various fields such as medicine, health products, food, cosmetics, etc. Its unique chemical structure and biological activity make it an important substance for maintaining human health, delaying aging, and improving skin condition.
Liver protection and detoxification
Liver protective effect: It has a significant protective effect on liver health. Research has shown that it can reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, optimizing liver detoxification function. In animal experiments, SAG can significantly increase glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels and improve liver health. Its hepatoprotective effect mainly stems from its ability to reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to reduce pro-inflammatory signaling by inactivating TLR4/NF - κ B signaling.
Detoxification function: SAG participates in the detoxification process in the body, binds with some toxic substances, promotes their conversion into non-toxic compounds, and is excreted from the body through the excretory system. This process is crucial for clearing harmful substances from the body, protecting organs, and maintaining physical health.
Immune regulation and support
Enhancing immune function: S-acetyl glutathione powder can enhance the activity of immune cells and improve the body's resistance. SAG can maintain the function of the aging immune system and keep it in a healthy state. It helps the body resist diseases by regulating the metabolism and function of immune cells, promoting the normal functioning of the immune system.
Adjuvant therapy: SAG can be made into oral preparations in medical practice, which have a relieving effect on other symptoms caused by liver disease. In addition, it can also provide protection against leukopenia caused by radiation therapy, radiopharmaceuticals, tumor drugs, and bone marrow inflammation caused by radiation therapy or drugs.
Antioxidant and anti-aging
Antioxidant effect: SAG is a powerful antioxidant that can neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress damage to cells. Free radicals are highly active chemicals that are produced in the body and interact with cellular molecules, leading to oxidative damage and inflammatory reactions. The antioxidant effect of SAG helps to protect the cell membrane DNA, Proteins and other important molecules are protected from free radical attacks, maintaining the normal function of cells.
Anti aging effect: With age, the level of glutathione in the human body gradually decreases, leading to a weakening of cellular antioxidant capacity and accelerating the aging process. Supplementing SAG can maintain glutathione levels, slow down the aging process, and improve cellular health. It delays aging by clearing free radicals, reducing oxidative stress, protecting cell structure and function.
Other medical purposes
Cardiovascular protection: SAG may help improve cardiovascular health. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects help protect vascular endothelial cells and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis.
Neuroprotection: SAG has a protective effect on nerve cells and may help resist neurodegenerative diseases. It protects nerve cells from damage and maintains the normal function of the nervous system by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions.
Cancer Prevention: Although research on SAG in cancer prevention is currently insufficient, considering its antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, it may play a role in reducing cancer risk.
Dietary supplements
Antioxidant supplements: SAG, as an antioxidant supplement, is widely used in health products. It can help the body eliminate free radicals, reduce oxidative stress damage to cells, and maintain overall health.
Liver protection supplements: SAG has been developed into liver protection supplements to address liver health issues. It can reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, optimize liver detoxification function, and help the liver restore health.
Immune enhancement supplements: SAG can also enhance immune function and improve the body's resistance. Therefore, it is made into an immune enhancing supplement for people to take daily to maintain immune system health.
Functional food
Nutritional fortifier: SAG can be used as a base material for functional foods, added to beverages, candies, dairy products, and flour products, and used as a nutritional fortifier. Its stable properties and odorless characteristics make it widely applicable in the food industry.
Special dietary foods: SAG is added to special dietary foods to meet the health needs of specific populations, such as the elderly and chronic disease patients. These foods can provide additional nutritional support and help improve health conditions.
Food sector
Functional food
Beverages: SAG can be added to various beverages, such as functional drinks, fruit juice drinks, etc. It can not only increase the nutritional value of beverages, but also provide antioxidant protection to help consumers maintain their health.
Candy: SAG can be used as an additive in the candy manufacturing process. It can not only improve the taste and quality of candy, but also provide additional health benefits for consumers.
Dairy products: SAG can be added to dairy products such as milk, yogurt, etc. It can increase the nutritional value of dairy products, provide antioxidant protection, and help improve intestinal health.
Noodle products: SAG can also be used as an additive in the manufacturing process of noodle products such as bread and noodles. It can improve the quality and taste of noodle products and provide additional health benefits.
Pet food
Nutritional supplementation: S-acetyl glutathione powder can also be added to pet food to provide additional nutritional support for pets. It can help pets maintain liver health, enhance immunity, and help delay the aging process.
Health Promotion: SAG is added to pet food to promote health for specific health issues of pets, such as liver disease, immune dysfunction, etc.
Seasoning products
Flavor Improvement: SAG has a certain flavor improvement effect and can be added to seasoning products such as soy sauce, vinegar, etc. It can improve the quality and taste of seasoning products, bringing consumers a better eating experience.
Nutritional enhancement: At the same time, SAG can also provide nutritional enhancement for seasoning products, increasing their nutritional value.
Cosmetics field
Skincare products
Antioxidant skincare: SAG has strong antioxidant capacity, which can neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress damage to the skin. Therefore, it is widely added to skin care products, such as face cream and essence liquid, to provide antioxidant protection and delay the aging process of skin.
Whitening and skincare: SAG also has the ability to inhibit melanin formation, which is the basis of its whitening effect. It can inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, thereby reducing the formation of melanocytes. Therefore, SAG is added to whitening skincare products to help improve skin dullness and pigmentation issues.
Anti aging skincare: In addition to its antioxidant and whitening effects, SAG can also promote the renewal of epidermal cells, accelerate the breakdown and metabolism of melanin. This helps reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines, increase skin elasticity, and make the skin firmer and more radiant.
Anti inflammatory skincare: SAG also has anti-inflammatory effects, which can reduce inflammatory reactions such as skin redness, swelling, and itching. This is particularly important for people with sensitive or inflammatory skin problems. SAG helps alleviate skin discomfort and promote skin recovery and healing by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators and reducing tissue edema.
Makeup products
Makeup products: Adding SAG to base products such as liquid foundation, powder, etc. can provide additional antioxidant protection and reduce the potential damage of cosmetics to skin. At the same time, it can also improve the texture and extensibility of base makeup products, making the makeup look more natural and long-lasting.
Lip products: Adding SAG to lip products such as lipstick, lip gloss, etc. can protect the lip skin from free radical attacks, reduce lip dryness, peeling, and other problems. At the same time, it can also increase the moisture and glossiness of lip products, making the lips more attractive.
Personal care products
Shampoo and conditioner: SAG can be added to shampoo and conditioner to provide antioxidant protection for hair, reducing damage and breakage caused by oxidative stress. At the same time, it can also improve the texture and glossiness of hair, making it healthier and brighter.
Body wash and body lotion: Adding SAG to body wash and body lotion can provide comprehensive antioxidant protection for the skin and delay the aging process. Meanwhile, it can also moisturize the skin, improve dryness, roughness, and other issues, making the skin softer and smoother.
Other fields
In the field of agriculture
Biological fertilizer: SAG has potential application value in the agricultural field. It may be used as a bio fertilizer to enhance plant antioxidant capacity, strengthen plant resistance to adversity, thereby promoting plant growth and increasing yield.
Plant growth regulators: In addition, SAG may also be used as a plant growth regulator to regulate the growth and development process of plants and improve the quality of agricultural products.
Biomedical research
Experimental reagent: S-acetyl glutathione powder can be used as an experimental reagent in biochemical research to explore physiological processes such as redox reactions and cell signaling in organisms. Its stable chemical properties and clear biological activity make it an important tool in biomedical research.
Drug development: With in-depth research on the physiological effects and efficacy of SAG, it may become a new target for drug development. Developing SAG based drugs or drug combinations may provide new therapeutic strategies for treating oxidative stress-related diseases.
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