Osseous metabolism maintains dynamic balance through osteoblasts generating new os and osteoclasts decomposing old os. Middle-aged and elderly people, postmenopausal women and those with sedentary lifestyles commonly suffer from reduced osteoblast activity and disrupted osseous metabolism, which further lead to decreased osseous mineral density. Multiple cellular experimental data demonstrate that yak bone peptide at a concentration of 0.5–3.5 mg/mL can markedly boost the proliferation, migration and mineralization capacity of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts.

By regulating the Ras and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, it upregulates the expression of key osteogenic genes such as osteocalcin and osteopontin to accelerate os regeneration at the cellular level.

Articular cartilage wear and loss of cartilage matrix constitute the core triggers of osteoarthritis, and collagen is the primary constituent of articular cartilage. It directly replenishes collagen precursors required for the cartilage matrix, inhibits chondrocyte apoptosis, suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory factors including interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and alleviates synovial edema and articulation pain.

Auxiliary clinical observation data show that mild knee osteoarthritis subjects who consumed 3 g of it daily for 12 consecutive weeks experienced a 42% reduction in articulation stiffness duration, prominent relief of articulation pain during stair climbing and descending, and substantially improved articulation mobility. Unlike painkillers, it imposes no metabolic burden on the liver and kidneys, repairs cartilage damage at the root cause, and is suitable for long-term conditioning of populations with degenerative articulation disorders.

Massive metabolic wastes such as lactic acid and blood urea nitrogen accumulate in the human body after high-intensity exercise, triggering muscle soreness and physical fatigue. Results from exhaustive swimming animal experiments indicate that mice fed with it extended their exhaustive swimming time by 31.2% relative to the blank control group, while serum lactic acid and blood urea nitrogen levels dropped by 27.5% and 22.1% respectively.

On one hand, it rapidly supplies amino acid raw materials required for muscle repair and mends muscle fibers damaged by exercise.

On the other hand, it accelerates the decomposition and excretion of metabolic wastes in the body, optimizes energy metabolism, and enhances hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen reserves. It not only helps athletes boost exercise endurance but also alleviates persistent physical weakness and lassitude among subhealthy populations.

The intestine is the largest immune organ of the human body, and imbalance of intestinal flora directly leads to weakened immunity.

It modulates the structure of intestinal microbial communities, elevates the abundance of beneficial bacteria including bacteroides and lactobacillus, inhibits the proliferation of harmful escherichia coli and salmonella, repairs the intestinal mucosal barrier, and reduces the entry of intestinal toxins into the bloodstream. Immune activity experiments prove that yak bone active peptide prepared with papain raises the splenic lymphocyte proliferation rate of mice to 72.09%, effectively activating cells in immune organs and enhancing humoral and cellular immunity. For people prone to colds during seasonal transitions, those with weak physical constitutions and patients in postoperative recovery, long-term supplementation with it steadily boosts physical resistance and lowers disease incidence.