C-peptide Tablet

Diabetic complications are the leading cause of disability and mortality in glycemic patients, including microvascular complications (diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy) and macrovascular complications (cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, etc.). Functional failure of pancreatic islet β-cells is a critical driving factor for the occurrence and progression of these complications. By detecting C-peptide levels, c-peptide tablet can quantitatively evaluate the functional status of pancreatic islet β-cells, further predict the incidence risk, progression rate and prognosis of glycemic complications, and provide a scientific basis for early intervention of complications.

In the risk prediction of glycemic microvascular complications, the peptide levels are negatively correlated with the risk of complication occurrence. Glycemic nephropathy is the most common microvascular complication and a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Studies have confirmed that the lower the fasting the peptide level, the higher the risk of glycemic nephropathy. Moreover, an annual it variation rate greater than 5% indicates an annual decline of 3.2 mL/min in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which can serve as an early warning indicator for renal disease progression.

For glycemic retinopathy, low the peptide levels lead to injury of retinal vascular endothelial cells and enhanced oxidative stress response, thereby inducing retinopathy. Clinical studies have shown that a C-peptide/Islet hormone ratio higher than 0.8 significantly reduces the risk of retinopathy, acting as a protective marker for the disease. In glycemic neuropathy, it protects nerve cells and improves nerve blood supply by activating downstream signaling pathways. Patients with persistently low the peptide have a markedly higher incidence and more severe degree of peripheral neuropathy. Detection via it enables early identification of high-risk populations and timely intervention to delay disease progression.

The peptide also hold important value in the risk prediction of glycemic macrovascular complications.Diabetes-affected patients have a 2 to 4-fold higher risk of developing cardio-cerebrovascular diseases compared with the general population. It can reduce the risk of macrovascular lesions through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vascular endothelial cell protective effects. Clinical research indicates that glycemic patients with low the peptide face a significantly elevated risk of coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, along with poorer prognosis.

Among diabetes-affected patients without a history of coronary heart disease, excessively low the peptide can bring their coronary heart disease risk close to that of non-diabetes-affected patients with a coronary heart disease history. In addition, the peptide levels can be used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of complications. For patients receiving interventional treatment, a gradual increase and stabilization of the peptide levels indicates improved pancreatic islet β-cell function and effective delay of complication progression; a continuous decline in the peptide levels suggests elevated complication risk and necessitates adjustment of treatment regimens.

As an oral preparation, c-peptide tablet can accurately evaluate the basal secretion, reserve function and stress response of β-cells by simulating endogenous it release combined with stimulation tests. It is especially suitable for patients under Islet hormone therapy, hyperglycaemia classification and postoperative transplantation monitoring.

2. Gold Standard Positioning

The glucagon stimulation test (GST) is recognized as the gold standard for pancreatic islet β-cell function assessment, with it detection as its core indicator.

It can act as an oral stimulant or control preparation to optimize the testing procedure.

3. Clinical Application Scenarios

3.1 Pancreatic Islet Function Monitoring in Insulin-Treated Patients

For patients receiving long-term Islet hormone injection, exogenous Islet hormone interferes with serum Islet hormone detection, making it the only reliable indicator of endogenous secretion. After oral administration of it, a C-peptide peak ≥2.5 ng/mL indicates preserved β-cell reserve function, allowing gradual reduction of Islet hormone dosage.

A peak ＜1.0 ng/mL suggests functional failure, requiring maintenance of Islet hormone therapy.

In addition, dynamic monitoring of the product changes can evaluate therapeutic efficacy: elevated the peptide levels indicate effective lifestyle intervention or oral medication, while decreased levels suggest disease progression.

3.2 Efficacy Evaluation of Islet Transplantation and Pancreatic Surgery

After islet transplantation, sustained serum the peptide levels ≥0.5 ng/mL for more than 3 months indicate successful transplantation.

A near-normal it curve after oral the product administration reflects the functional activity of transplanted islets. After partial pancreatectomy, the peptide levels can reflect residual β-cell function: a peak ≥3 times the fasting level after oral c-peptide tablet suggests good residual function; a peak ＜2 times the fasting level indicates insufficient function requiring adjuvant therapy.