D-Lysergic Acid Methyl Ester (D-LAME) is a chemical substance that belongs to the lysergic acid derivatives and is also a hallucinogen. It is an intermediate produced during the synthesis of D-lysergic acid (DMT) and L-lysergic acid (LSD), and thus has a chemical structure and mode of action similar to LSD.
D-LAME was synthesized in the 1960s and found widespread use in cultures seeking new types of hallucinogens. It is a strong psychoactive substance that can cause visual, auditory and sensory changes, as well as strong emotional and psychological effects. Although the exact mechanism of action of D-LAME is not fully understood, it is thought to be related to the action of the neurotransmitter serotonin.
It should be noted that D-LAME is an illegal substance, and its production, sale and use are strictly restricted. The use of D-LAME may pose serious physical and mental risks and should therefore be approached with caution.
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C.F |
C17H18N2O2 |
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E.M |
282 |
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M.W |
282 |
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m/z |
282 (100.0%), 283 (18.4%), 284 (1.6%) |
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E.A |
C, 72.32; H, 6.43; N, 9.92; O, 11.33 |
D-Lysergic Acid Methyl Ester, Its main uses can be summarized as follows:
As an intermediate in organic synthesis
Core application: Methyl ergotate is widely used as an intermediate in organic synthesis, mainly for the synthesis of indole alkaloids. These compounds have important biological activities in the fields of medicine and drug research.
Specific example: Methyl ergotate can be used to synthesize various biologically active molecules, such as ergotamine (LSD), which is a potent hallucinogen commonly referred to as a "psychedelic drug".
Research and experimental purposes
Research material: Methyl ergotate is often used in scientific research and experiments due to its unique chemical properties and reactivity, as a raw material or intermediate for synthesizing complex organic molecular structures.
Application in universities and research institutes: Methyl ergotate is often used in research and teaching in fields such as medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, and organic chemistry in universities and research institutes.
Other potential applications
Material modification: Although there are few reports on the direct application of methyl ergotate in the field of materials science, its characteristics as an organic synthesis intermediate may be further reacted or modified to improve the physical and chemical properties of materials, enhance their performance and application range.
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Methyl ergotate is widely used as an intermediate in organic synthesis, mainly for the synthesis of indole alkaloids, which have important biological activities in the fields of medicine and drug research. Indole alkaloids include various plant toxins and drugs, among which ergot diethylamine is one example. Ergot diethylamine is a strong hallucinogen commonly known as a "hallucinogen".
Synthesis of bioactive molecules of alkaloids
Methyl ergosterol, as an organic synthesis intermediate, plays an important role in the synthesis of bioactive molecules in alkaloids. Alkaloids are a class of compounds with a wide range of biological activities, which exist in various plants and microorganisms and have various pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, etc.
Drug synthesis: Methyl ergotate can be used to synthesize various bioactive drug molecules. For example, it can serve as a precursor for the synthesis of psychoactive substances such as LSD. Although these compounds have specific application value in the fields of medicine and scientific research, their abuse and illegal use have also brought serious social problems. Therefore, when synthesizing and using such compounds, it is necessary to strictly comply with relevant laws, regulations, and ethical norms.
Natural product chemistry: Methyl ergotate can also be used to synthesize compounds with natural product structures. These compounds have potential application value in fields such as drug research and pesticide development. By synthesizing these compounds, we can further understand their biological activity, mechanism of action, and metabolic pathways, providing strong support for new drug development.
Application in scientific research
D-Lysergic Acid Methyl Ester also has extensive application value in scientific research. It can not only serve as a tool for synthesizing complex organic molecules, but also be used to study the synthesis mechanism and biological activity of alkaloid compounds.
Research on Synthesis Mechanism: Through in-depth study of the synthesis mechanism of methyl ergotate, the laws and characteristics of organic chemical reactions such as esterification and reduction can be understood. These research results can not only provide theoretical guidance for synthesizing compounds with specific structures, but also provide ideas for developing new synthesis methods and technologies.
Biological activity research: Methyl ergotate and its derivatives have a wide range of biological activities, making them suitable as probes and tools for studying the biological activity of alkaloid compounds. By synthesizing and testing derivatives of methyl ergotate with different structures, we can understand their effects and mechanisms of action on living organisms, providing strong support for new drug development.
Methyl ergotate, English name: Methyl9,10-dihydro-6-methylergoline-8beta-carboxylate, CAS number: 4579-64-0, molecular weight: 282.33700, density: 1.3g/cm3, boiling point: 469 ℃ at 760 mmHg, melting point:>125 ° C (dec.) (lit.), flash point: 237.5 ℃, is a light gray to black solid.
Method 1:
Add a solution of diazomethane in ether (0.5M, 75.0mmol, 150mL) to a suspension of (6aR, 9R) -7-methyl-4,6,6a, 7,8,9-hexahydroindolo [4,3-fg] quinoline-9-carboxylic acid (2.01g, 7.5mmol) in absolute methanol (300mL) under vigorous stirring. Stir the obtained mixture until it becomes clear, then concentrate and suspend it in dichloromethane (100 mL) under vacuum. The solid is removed by filtration, the filter cake is washed with dichloromethane (3x30mL), and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuum to provide (6aR, 9R) -7-methyl-4,6,6a, 7,8,9-hexahydroindolo [4,3-fg] quinoline-9-carboxylic acid methyl ester as a gray white foam, with a yield of 1.92g (90%).
Method 2:
Methyl ergotate can be prepared by condensation reaction of ergonic acid and methanol under acidic conditions, or by hydrolysis reaction of its precursor compound of cyanide group.
Add ergonic acid (5.0 g, 18.6 mmol) to an ice cold 1.25 M hydrochloric acid methanol solution (126 mL, 156 mmol), then stir the reaction mixture at 0-5 ° C for 3 hours, followed by stirring at room temperature for 18 hours. After the reaction is complete, the reaction mixture is cooled with ice and treated with a 25% ammonia solution until the pH value reaches 8. Extract the reaction mixture with dichloromethane (3 × 20 mL). Combine all organic layers and wash the above organic extracts with water (2 × 20ml) and saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (10ml). Filter the reaction mixture to remove precipitates from the reaction system and concentrate the resulting filtrate under vacuum to obtain the target product molecule methyl ergotate.
D-LAME is an illegal substance without any legal prospects for development. D-LAME and other psychedelics have serious physical and psychological hazards that can cause unintentional injury, hallucinations, delusions, anxiety, and more, so any attempt to use or prepare them is irresponsible.
Furthermore, since D-LAME is an illegal substance, its research and development will face severe legal and ethical constraints. Preparation, use and trade in violation of the law will have serious legal consequences and may raise public safety and health concerns.
In conclusion, D-LAME does not have any legitimate development prospects, its abuse will bring serious physical and psychological risks, and should not be supported or promoted in any form.
It should be noted that D-Lysergic Acid Methyl Ester is an illegal substance, and its specific reaction properties and chemical behavior have not been studied in detail, and there is no legal use. The use of D-LAME is illegal and may pose serious physical and psychological risks.
D-LAME was first discovered in 1958 by Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann. Hofmann, a researcher at the chemical company Sandoz (now Novartis), had been working on extracting useful pharmaceutical ingredients from ergot (Ergot).
While working on the synthesis of D-LAME, Hofmann initially accidentally produced LSD-25, a substance with strong psychedelic effects. After further research, he discovered the special properties of LSD-25, and explored the neurological and psychological effects of LSD-25 in his subsequent research.
LSD-25 played an important role in the culture of the 1960s and 1970s, but also caused serious social problems due to its abuse, leading many countries to classify it as an illegal drug. D-LAME and other hallucinogens are also considered illegal drugs, and no one should attempt to use or prepare them.
What are the side effects of this compound?
Potential side effects and risks
1.Acute side effects
Perception distortion: LSD can cause severe distortions in an individual's perception of the surrounding environment, including abnormalities in vision, hearing, and touch.
Confused thinking: Users may experience problems such as confused thinking, unclear logic, and difficulty concentrating.
Emotional fluctuations: LSD may cause users to experience extreme emotional fluctuations, including anxiety, panic, depression, and anger.
Physical reactions: Users may experience physical reactions such as increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, elevated body temperature, and muscle tension.
Illusions and delusions: LSD users often experience strong hallucinations and delusions, which may involve multiple sensory domains such as vision, hearing, and touch.
2. Long term side effects and hazards
Psychological health issues: Long term use of LSD may lead to serious mental health problems, including symptoms similar to schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety.
Cognitive impairment: LSD may impair an individual's cognitive functions, including memory, attention, and decision-making abilities.
Social dysfunction: Due to LSD induced behavioral and cognitive abnormalities, users may encounter difficulties in social interactions, leading to social disorders and tense interpersonal relationships.
Physical health issues: Long term use of LSD may also lead to physical health problems such as cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and immune system disorders.
3. Dependence and addiction
LSD has a high degree of addiction, and users often find it difficult to break free from their dependence on it. Long term use of LSD may lead to severe withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, depression, insomnia, and hallucinations. In addition, the abuse of LSD may also lead to the abuse and addiction of other drugs.
4. Legal risks
In most countries, LSD is considered an illegal drug, and its use and possession are strictly regulated by law. Therefore, using LSD will face serious legal risks, including arrest, fines, and imprisonment.
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