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Cremophor EL, CAS 61791-12-6, Molecular formula NULL. Yellow to light yellow viscous liquid or paste, some models such as EL-10 may appear transparent at low temperatures. Easy to dissolve in water, fatty acids, mineral oils, and various organic solvents, with better solubility in cold water than in hot water. Resistant to hard water, acid, alkali, and inorganic salts, but may undergo hydrolysis when exposed to strong alkali. Significantly reducing the temperature resistance range of ordinary models by about 50-70 ℃, the HEL series can withstand higher temperatures due to hydrogenation treatment (such as low coking at high temperatures in HEL-20). The surface tension of water forms a stable lotion and dispersion system.
It is a polyethoxylated product produced by the addition reaction of castor oil and epoxyethane, which contains both hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chains and lipophilic castor oil groups in its molecular structure. According to the different addition numbers of ethylene oxide, products can be divided into multiple models such as EL-10, EL-20, EL-40, EL-80, HEL-20, etc. Among them, "EL" represents ordinary castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, and "HEL" represents hydrogenated castor oil polyoxyethylene ether (hydrogenation treatment can improve heat resistance and oxidation resistance).
|
Density |
1.05 g / ml at 20 ° C |
|
Flash point |
257 ℃ |
|
Storage condition |
refreshator (+ 4C) |
|
Form |
Viscous Liquid |
|
Color |
Clear yellow |
|
PH value |
5.0-7.0 (1g / 10 ml in H2O) |
|
Stability |
Stable Incompatible with storng oxidizing agents. |
Castor oil polyoxyethylene ether is also called emulsifier EL-40, and the corresponding foreign trade mark is Emulphor EL-620. It belongs to non-ionic surfactant. Pale yellow transparent viscous liquid. It is easily soluble in water, oil, fatty acid and various organic solvents. It is more soluble in cold water than in hot water, and has good emulsification performance for mineral oil. 1% aqueous solution pH=6-8. HLB value 13. Cloud point of 1% aqueous solution ≥ 85 ℃. It is resistant to acid, hard water and inorganic salt. It is also resistant to alkali at low temperature, but strong alkali can hydrolyze it. Castor oil polyoxyethylene ether can be prepared by reacting castor oil with ethylene oxide under the catalysis of sodium hydroxide (or potassium hydroxide). Suitable for emulsification of vegetable oil, mineral oil, fat, wax, etc. It can also be used as a component of antistatic spinning oil for synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile, pesticide emulsifier, wool conditioner and wool oil.
The invention relates to a synthetic method of Cremophor EL, belonging to the technical field of organic compound synthesis, which is prepared by polymerizing castor oil and ethylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst; The weight ratio of castor oil and ethylene oxide is 1: 0.145~2.98; The catalyst is any one or more mixtures of solid sodium methoxide, sodium methoxide methanol solution, KOH, NaOH, etc., and the addition amount is 0.05~0.2% of the weight percentage of the prepared castor oil polyoxyethylene ether. The process parameters and conditions, such as raw material ratio, catalyst amount, polymerization temperature and time, were reasonably determined. The reaction conditions were mild and the requirements for equipment were low. And the yield is high, no impurities are generated, and the environment is friendly. The castor oil polyoxyethylene ether prepared by the method has the advantages of light color, transparent appearance, good levelness, strong compatibility and wide range of adjustable empty molecular weight.
Polyethylene Castor Oil (PEO Castor Oil), as an important class of non-ionic surfactants, has shown wide application value in many fields such as textiles, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, cosmetics, inks, and metal processing due to its unique chemical structure and excellent properties.
Textile Industry Applications
In the textile industry, it is mainly used as a synthetic oil agent and weaving oil agent, with core functions including anti-static, lubrication, softness and smoothness, and defoaming.
1. Chemical Fiber Oil Agent
Antistatic performance: Chemical fibers are prone to static electricity during stretching, heating, and other processing, leading to fiber adhesion and increased breakage rate.
By adsorbing onto the surface of fibers to form a conductive layer, static electricity is effectively eliminated. For example, EL-40 can be used as a wool oil in the wool spinning industry, and when mixed with other anti-static agents, it can significantly improve the anti-static effect.
Lubrication and Softness: Models such as EL-20 and EL-80 can reduce the friction coefficient between fibers, making the sizing soft and smooth, and reducing the breakage rate. For example, EL-80 can be used as a spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers such as acrylic, vinylon, and polypropylene, improving the glossiness and hand feel of the fibers.
High temperature stability: HEL-20 has low coking characteristics due to hydrogenation treatment, making it suitable for high-temperature spinning processes and extending equipment service life.
2. Weaving oil agent
Size defoaming: synthetic size is easy to produce foam during mixing, which affects weaving efficiency. As a defoamer, it can quickly destroy the stability of foam. For example, EL-10 is widely used in polyester, polyacrylonitrile and other chemical fiber sizes.
Fabric Softening: By using softeners such as emulsified silicone oil, the fabric is given a skin friendly touch, enhancing the added value of the product.
Pharmaceutical industry applications
In the pharmaceutical field, it is mainly used as a solubilizer and emulsifier to solve the solubility problem of fat soluble drugs.
1. Drug solubilization
Semisolid and liquid formulations: Models such as EL-40 can solubilize water-insoluble drugs (such as vitamins and hormones) into aqueous media, forming stable solutions. For example, in cream and ointment formulations, the HLB value (hydrophilic lipophilic balance) can be precisely controlled by adjusting the addition number of ethylene oxide to achieve optimal solubilization effect.
Increased transmembrane permeability: By improving the interaction between drug molecules and cell membranes, it promotes drug absorption.
2. Emulsifier Application
Emulsion preparation: In O/W (water in oil) emulsions, the interfacial tension between oil and water can be reduced to form uniformly sized droplets. For example, in intravenous injection of fat emulsion, its emulsifying stability directly affects drug safety.
Sterilization compatibility: resistant to high temperature and high pressure sterilization, suitable for the production of sterile preparations.
Application in pesticide industry
As a pesticide emulsifier, Cremophor EL can significantly improve the dispersibility, permeability, and stability of pesticides.
1. Stability of lotion
Emulsification of organophosphorus pesticides: For example, EL-80 can be used for emulsification of dimethoate and other pesticides to form a stable lotion with particle size less than 5 μ m, reducing stratification and precipitation.
Optimization of suspension agent formula: By compounding with dispersants, the adhesion and resistance to rainwater erosion of pesticides on leaves are improved.
2. Efficiency increase and reduction
Enhanced permeability: reduces the surface tension of pesticides, promotes the spreading and penetration of the pesticide solution on plant surfaces. For example, adding EL-40 to insecticides can increase efficacy by 15% -20%.
Environmental benefits: reduce pesticide usage and decrease pollution to the environment.
Application in the cosmetics industry
Castor oil polyoxyethylene ether is mainly used as an emulsifier, solubilizer, and wetting agent in cosmetics to enhance product stability and user experience.
1. Construction of Emulsification System
O/W lotion: In lotion and face cream, EL-40 and other types of emulsifiable oil ingredients can form fine and stable texture. For example, in sunscreen, its emulsifying properties ensure that the sunscreen is evenly dispersed.
W/O lotion: It can also be used for high moisture products by adjusting the formula proportion.
2. Solubilization and Wetting
Essence solubilization: solubilize oil soluble essence into the water phase to improve the fragrance durability.
Skin affinity: reduces formula irritation and enhances user comfort.
Application in Ink and Coatings Industry
Mainly used as dispersants and leveling agents in inks and coatings to improve printing quality and coating performance.
1. Ink dispersibility
Pigment dispersion: In ink, EL-80 and other models can encapsulate pigment particles to prevent agglomeration and enhance color saturation.
Liquidity optimization: Reduce ink viscosity, improve printing speed and clarity.
2. Coating leveling properties
Shrinkage prevention: Reduce surface tension differences in coatings to avoid defects such as shrinkage and orange peel.
Water resistance improvement: By using components such as emulsified wax, the waterproof performance of the coating is enhanced.
Metal processing and application of cleaning agents
Mainly used as emulsifiers and wetting agents in metalworking fluids and cleaning agents to improve processing efficiency and cleaning effectiveness.
1. Metal processing fluid
Cutting fluid emulsification: Models such as EL-40 can emulsify mineral oil into stable cutting fluid, providing cooling, lubrication, and rust prevention functions.
Rust prevention performance: By emulsifying rust inhibitors, the service life of metal components is extended.
2. Cleaning agent formula
Decontamination ability: reduces the surface tension of water and enhances its ability to dissolve oil and dirt.
Low foam design: suitable for high-pressure cleaning equipment to reduce the interference of foam on equipment.
Application in other fields
1. Leather Industry
Fatliquor: EL-20 and other models can emulsify oils and fats, giving leather softness and glossiness.
Tanning aids: promote uniform penetration of tanning agents and improve leather quality.
2. Petroleum Industry
Crude oil demulsification: As a demulsifier, it separates water from crude oil to improve recovery efficiency.
Drilling fluid additives: improve the rheological properties of drilling fluid and prevent wellbore collapse.
Cremophor EL has become an indispensable surfactant in multiple industries due to its excellent chemical properties and wide application adaptability. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the upgrading of market demand, its application potential in high-end manufacturing, biomedicine, new energy and other fields will be further released. At the same time, the increase in environmental protection requirements will also prompt enterprises to increase their research and development efforts in green products, promoting the development of their industries towards higher quality and more sustainable directions.
FAQ
What is Cremophor EL?
Cremophor EL (CrEL) is a formulation vehicle used for various poorly-water soluble drugs, including the anticancer agent paclitaxel (Taxol). In contrast to earlier reports, CrEL is not an inert vehicle, but exerts a range of biological effects, some of which have important clinical implications.
What drugs contain Kolliphor EL?
Miconazole, anti-fungal.
Paclitaxel (Taxol), anti-cancer.
Aci-Jel (acetic acid / oxyquinoline / ricinoleic acid - vaginal)
Sandimmune (cyclosporine injection, USP)
Nelfinavir mesylate, HIV protease inhibitor.
What are the side effects of Cremophor EL?
Hypersensitivity reactions to Cremophor EL-containing paclitaxel range from mild pruritus to systemic anaphylaxis and can result in potentially severe clinical outcomes, including respiratory arrest, cardiac collapse, and death.
Is Cremophor EL a surfactant?
Its current marketed form as an intravenous infusion paclitaxel is solubilized by using Cremophor EL, which is a nonionic surfactant and helps in the micellar solubilization.
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